Nutrition

Question 1

Types of Micronutrients

Answer 1

Vitamins
minerals
water

Question 2

What are macronutrients used for

Answer 2

Energy

Question 3

What are micronutrients used for

Answer 3

Body processes

Question 4

What is BMR

Answer 4

Basal metabolic rate

Question 5

What is BMR used for

Answer 5

Energy used for breathing, circulation, heart rate, and temperature

Question 6

Simple carbohydrates

Answer 6

Monosaccharides ( glucose, fructose, and galactose)

Plant derivative

Question 7

Complex carbohydrates

Answer 7

Polysaccharide ( grains, legumes, potatoes)

Fiber

Question 8

Amount of carbohydrates needed daily

Answer 8

50-100g/day to prevent keytosis (abnormal accumulation of keystone bodies)

45 to 65% of calories

Question 9

Why are proteins important

Answer 9

Essential for body structures and all healing and muscle building

Question 10

Complete proteins

Answer 10

Made of all essential amino acids and some nonessential ones

Animal, soy

Question 11

Incomplete proteins

Answer 11

Lack of one or more of the essential amino acids

Plants, need to combine different plants to get all essential amino acids

Question 12

Anabolism

Answer 12

Building of tissues

Question 13

Catabolism

Answer 13

Breaking down of tissues

Question 14

Nitrogen balance

Answer 14

A measurement of anabolism and catabolism

Net intake and loss of nitrogen

Question 15

Water soluble vitamins

Answer 15

C, B complex

Cannot be stored, need to obtain in diet

Body will get rid of excess

Intestinal absorption

Question 16

Fat soluble vitamins

Answer 16

A, D, E, K

Can be stored in body in small amounts

Into lymphatic system

Question 17

Vitamin A

Answer 17

Liver, carrots, egg yoke, fortified milk

Visual acuity in dim light, formation and maintenance of skin and mucous membrane

Question 18

Vitamin B

Answer 18

Metabolizes protein, carbohydrates , and fat

Question 19

Vitamin D

Answer 19

Sunlight, fortified milk, fish liver oil

Provides calcium and phosphorus metabolism and stimulates calcium absorption

Question 20

Vitamin E

Answer 20

Vegetable oil, wheat germ, whole grain products

Antioxidant that protects vitamin A, heme synthesis

Question 21

Vitamin K

Answer 21

Dark green leafy vegetables ,synthesized in intestine from gut bacteria

Helps synthesis of certain protein necessary for blood clotting

Question 22

Macrominerals (bulk)

Answer 22

Required in amounts over 100mg daily

Calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, magnesium , sulfur, chloride

Question 23

Microminerals (trace)

Answer 23

Require less than 100mg daily

Iron, zinc, iodine, fluoride, copper, selenium

Question 24

Water

Answer 24

Provides medium for all process

Lubricant

Not stored

Produced through metabolism

Question 25

1lb of body fat

Answer 25

=3500 calories To loose 1lb a week 3500/7 days=500 less calories a day

Question 26

BMI equation

Answer 26

Wt in kg/( height in m)^2 (Wt in lbs/( height in inches)^2)*703

Question 27

Weight loss equation

Answer 27

(Usual body weight - current weight )/ usual weight*100

Question 28

Malnutrition

Answer 28

Lack of necessary or appropriate food substance

Question 29

Overnutrician

Answer 29

Calorie intake in excess of daily energy requirements resulting of energy as adipose tissue

Question 30

Undernutrition

Answer 30

Calorie intake insufficient to meet daily energy requirements

Question 31

Types of Macronutrients

Answer 31

Carbohydrates Protein Fats

Question 32

Vitamin C

Answer 32

Allows absorption of iron