Nutrition

Question 1

What is Nutrition?

Answer 1

The process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth.

Question 2

What are Nutrients?

Answer 2

Substances that provide nourishment essential for growth,maintenance and repair of the body.

Question 3

What are the types of nutrients?

Answer 3

Carbohydrates,Proteins,Vitamins,Fats/Lipids & Minerals

Question 4

What are Carbohydrates?

Answer 4

Carbohydrates provides our body with energy.

Question 5

Examples of Carbohydrates?

Answer 5

Cassava,Bread,Banana,Pasta,Sugar,Honey,Yam,Flour.

Question 6

What is the disease for lack of Carbohydrates?

Answer 6

Marasmus: deficiency disease in babies and young children.Caused by a lack of Carbohydrates and protein

Symptoms: weight loss,dehydration, stomach shrinkage and diarrhea.

Question 7

What are Complexed Carbohydrates?

Answer 7

Starch- main storage chemical in plants. This forms a large proportion of the carbohydrates we eat.

Cellulose- complex carbohydrate that makes up plant cell walls.
Humans cannot digest cellulose.

Glycogen- sometimes called animal starch, important storage product in animals.

Question 8

Elements of Carbohydrate

Answer 8

Hydrogen
Oxygen
Carbon

Question 9

What are Proteins?

Answer 9

Proteins are used to repair cells and for growth of new cells.

Question 10

Examples of Protein

Answer 10

Eggs,Milk,Fish,Nuts,Meat

Question 11

What is the disease for lack of Protein?

Answer 11

Kwashiokar- the lack of protein
Symptoms- rigid nails, dried brittle hair that falls out easily and may lose colour, enlarged abdomen,irritability, tiredness and lost of muscle mass.

Question 12

What are the sub-units of acids?

Answer 12

Amino Acids
There are 20 different amino acids in humans.

Question 13

Elements of Protein

Answer 13

Carbon
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Hydrogen

Question 14

What are Fats/Lipids?

Answer 14

Fats & Oils are similiar, fats are usually used for materials that are solid at room temperature.

Question 15

Elements of Fats/Lipids

Answer 15

Hydrogen
Carbon
Oxygen

Question 16

What are the functions of Fats/Lipids?

Answer 16

-forms cell membranes
-supply energy during respiration
-store the fat soluble vitamins(Vitamin A, D, K, E)
-found in the skin where they give good insulation.

Question 17

What are the two types of organic chemicals of Fats/Lipids?

Answer 17

-Fatty Acids
-Glycerol

Question 18

What are Vitamins?

Answer 18

Vitamin are organic substances that play an important role in the control of metabolism.

Question 19

What is Vitamin A?

Answer 19

• a fat soluble vitamin.

Question 20

Food Sources of Vitamin A

Answer 20

fish liver oil, egg yolk , butter , cheese , red palm oil, carrots, green leafy vegetables.

Question 21

What are the Function of Vitamin A?

Answer 21

Gives resistance to disease, protects eyes, helps to see in the dark.

Question 22

What is the disease for the Lack of Vitamin A?

Answer 22

Night Blindness- poor vision in dim lights.

Question 23

What is Vitamin B6?

Answer 23

• a water soluble vitamin.

Question 24

What are the Food Sources of Vitamin B6?

Answer 24

Eggs
Meats
Potatoes
Cabbage

Question 25

Function of Vitamin B6

Answer 25

Helps to digest protein.

Question 26

What is the Deficiency Disease for Vitamin B6?

Answer 26

Lack of Vitamin B6 leads to anaemia.

Question 27

What is Vitamin B12?

Answer 27

A water soluble vitamin.

Question 28

What are the food sources of Vitamin B12?

Answer 28

Meat Milk Yeast Confrey( a herb)

Question 29

What is the function of Vitamin B12?

Answer 29

Helps in the formation of red blood cells.

Question 30

The overall Vitamin B deficiency disease?

Answer 30

-is BerriBerri

Question 31

What is Vitamin C?

Answer 31

A water soluble vitamin.

Question 32

What are the Food Sources of Vitamin C

Answer 32

Oranges Limes and Citrus Fruits Guavas Mangoes Green Vegetables Potatoes

Question 33

What is the Function of Vitamin C?

Answer 33

Helps to bond cells together, and helps in use of calcium by bones and teeth.

Question 34

What is the Deficiency Disease for Vitamin C?

Answer 34

- Scurvy

Question 35

What is Vitamin D?

Answer 35

A Fat Soluble Vitamin.

Question 36

What are the Food Sources for Vitamin D?

Answer 36

Fish Liver Oil Milk Butter Eggs (made by the body in sunlight)

Question 37

What is the Deficiency Disease for Vitamin D?

Answer 37

-Rickets

Question 38

What is the Function for Vitamin D?

Answer 38

Helps the body absorb calcium from foods.

Question 39

What is Vitamin E?

Answer 39

A fat soluble vitamin.

Question 40

What are the food sources for Vitamin E?

Answer 40

Plant based oils Nuts Seeds Wheat Germs

Question 41

What is the Deficiency Disease for Vitamin E?

Answer 41

The damage of red blood cells

Question 42

What are the Types of Nutrition?

Answer 42

Autotrophic Heterotrophic Saprophytic

Question 43

What is Autotrophic Nutrition?

Answer 43

-A process in which the organism produces its food from simple inorganic materials such as water, carbon dioxide and mineral salts in the presence of sunlight. -They convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy. -Autotrophic means self feeding.

Question 44

What is Heterotrophic Nutrition?

Answer 44

An organism that eats other plants or animals for energy and nutrients.

Question 45

What is Saprophytic Nutrition?

Answer 45

The nutrition in which an organism obtains its food from the dead and decaying organuc matter of plants and animals.

Question 46

What are Examples of Macro Nutrients?

Answer 46

Protein Carbohydrates Fats Legumes Dairy

Question 47

What are Examples of Micro Nutrients?

Answer 47

Calcium Potassium Magnesium Iron Vitamin C,A,D,E,B12,K,B6 Zinc Sodium Phosphorus

Question 48

What is Vitamin K?

Answer 48

A fat soluble Nutrient

Question 49

Food sources of vitamin K

Answer 49

(green leafy vegetables,broccoli,spinach), vegetable oil

Question 50

Function of Vitamin K

Answer 50

Blood Clotting and Wound Healing