Nutrition

Question 1

Seven types of nutrients that come from food

Answer 1

Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
Vitamins
Minerals
Dietary Fibre
Water

Question 2

Which nutrients contribute to our daily energy needs?

Answer 2

Carbohydrates and Fats

Question 3

What is the glycaemic index?

Answer 3

A ranking of carbohydrates from 0 to 100 according to their effect on blood glucose levels.

Question 4

High GI foods + 2 examples

Answer 4

High GI foods are broken down and absorbed quickly and have an immediate effect on blood glucose levels.

EG. dates, potatoes

Question 5

Low GI foods + 2 examples

Answer 5

Low GI foods are broken down and abosorbed slowly, so they have a more gradual and sustained effect on blood glucose levels.

EG. milk, apples, grainy bread

Question 6

What are the two types of fat?

Answer 6

Dietary and body fat

Question 7

Dietary Fat
2 examples

Answer 7

Fat that is eaten. Eg. butter, margarine, olive oil.

Question 8

Which fats are considered as ‘bad’ fats?

Answer 8

Saturated and Trans fat.
Eg. processed foods, cakes, meats, fast food.

Question 9

Which fats are considered as ‘good’ fats?

Answer 9

Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats.
Eg. plant based oil, nuts, avocado, some fish.

Question 10

What is body fat?

Answer 10

The body’s way of storing excess dietary fat.

Question 11

Role of body fat

Answer 11

To help insulate the body and protect it’s vital organs.

Question 12

Role of protein

Answer 12

It helps repair, rebuild and maintain body’s cells and tissues. It is made up of amino acids.

Question 13

What are complete proteins?

Answer 13

Complete proteins contain essential amino acids needed by the body.

Question 14

What are incomplete proteins?

Answer 14

Incomplete proteins lack one or more of the essential amino acids.

Question 15

What are vitamins?

Answer 15

Vitamins are organic compounds needed in small quantities to promote growth and maintain life.

Question 16

What are minerals?

Answer 16

Minerals are inorganic elements that work alongside vitamins to help the body function and make sure body structures are maintained.

Question 17

What is it meant by fat soluble?

Answer 17

Can be stored in the body, so a diet should not have too much of them.

Question 18

What is it meant by water soluble?

Answer 18

Must be consumed daily, because the body can’t store it.

Question 19

What is dietary fibre?

Answer 19

Is the part of the plant that cannot be digested by the body. Foods rich in dietary fibre are also usually rich in other nutrients and so provide a two fold benefit.

Question 20

Benefits of dietary fibre

Answer 20

Helps excrete waste products.
Gives a sustained release of energy.
Keeps one fuller for longer.

Question 21

Define sustainability

Answer 21

The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level to fulfill the needs of the current generation without compromising the needs of future generations.

Question 22

Define food miles

Answer 22

The distance food has travelled to get to you.

Question 23

One environmental impact of food consumption

Answer 23

Changing the type of meat eaten can reduce impact on environment. As meat production produces greenhouse gases, water waste, single use packaging and food waste. This leads to environmental degradation and climate change, which can impact the amount, quality and affordiability of our food.

Question 24

3 ways to shop sustainably

Answer 24

Purchase food from local farmer’s market or grow produce at home.

Buy in season produce

Reduce amount of meat and dairy in your diet.

Question 25

What are the 5 sections in the AGHE

Answer 25

Grain foods
Vegetables and legumes
Meat, nuts, seeds
Dairy
Fruit
Outside the guide:
- Water
- Oil / butter
- Sweet foods
- Fast food
- Sugary drinks
- Chips
- Alcohol