nutrition

Question 1

macronutrients

Answer 1

proteins, carbohydrates, sugars and alcohol

Question 2

types of carbohydrates

Answer 2

sugars, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides

Question 3

digestible carbohydrates

Answer 3

starch, monosaccharides and disaccharides

Question 4

types of digestible sugars

Answer 4

extrinsic and intrinsic

Question 5

extrinsic sugars

Answer 5

sugars found outwith a cellular structure of food

Question 6

intrinsic sugars

Answer 6

sugars found within the cellular structure of food

Question 7

where is glucose gotten from in fed state

Answer 7

carbohydrates

Question 8

where is glucose gotten from in fasted state

Answer 8

glycogen, body proteins

Question 9

dietary fibres

Answer 9

consists of starch polysaccharides and lignin

Question 10

soluble fibre impact of digestion

Answer 10

decreased rate of digestion

Question 11

insoluble fibres impact of digestion

Answer 11

increased stool output

Question 12

fructo-polysaccharides effect on digestion

Answer 12

not digested by brush border enzymes, promotes growth of healthy gut bacteria

Question 13

dietary fats role in body

Answer 13

acts as energy stores, provides essential fatty acids and helps carry fat soluble vitamins

Question 14

role of lipids of in body

Answer 14

acts as store of energy, has structural role in cell membrane and aids metabolic functions

Question 15

cause for fats to be unsaturated

Answer 15

presence of double bonds

Question 16

essential nutrients

Answer 16

nutrients that are essential for body function but not synthesised by the body

Question 17

role of essential fatty acids

Answer 17

have structural functions in the cell membrane, are important for growth and development and have biologically active compounds

Question 18

vitamins

Answer 18

essential organic substances that occur in small amounts and are necessary for normal functions of the body

Question 19

synthesis of vitamins in the body

Answer 19

cannot be synthesised in the body

Question 20

water soluble vitamins

Answer 20

b complex vitamins and vitamin c

Question 21

fat soluble vitamins

Answer 21

vitamin a, d, e and k

Question 22

B vitamins

Answer 22

release energy from carbs and fats, catalyse formation of red blood cells and has role in protein and amino acid metabolism

Question 23

thiamin

Answer 23

needed for production of ribose (so DNA and RNA), found in yeasts and legumes

Question 24

niacin

Answer 24

needed for NAP and NADP, found in liver and meat

Question 25

B6

Answer 25

needed for protein synthesis, found in all foods but can be synthesised by colonic bacteria

Question 26

folate

Answer 26

essential for protein synthesis and formation of red blood cells, found in liver and green leafy veg

Question 27

pantothenic acid

Answer 27

part of coenzyme a

Question 28

biotin

Answer 28

important for lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis

Question 29

vitamin c

Answer 29

cofactor and modulator and antioxidant

Question 30

vitamin a

Answer 30

important for eye sight, found in plant foods like carrots

Question 31

vitamin k

Answer 31

catalyses synthesis of prothrombin, found in green leaf veg but is also synthesised by gut bacteria

Question 32

vitamin e

Answer 32

antioxidant, stabilises cell membrane and stops fat becoming rancid

Question 33

vitamin d

Answer 33

promotes calcium/phosphate absorption and bone repair and growth

Question 34

calcium

Answer 34

needed for normal bone, teeth, muscle and nerve function

Question 35

iron

Answer 35

needed for iron containing enzymes