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Plant Sciences > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

The only mineral constituent of chlorophyll molecule

A

Magnesium

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2
Q

Maize leaves develop red and purple color due to the deficiency of?

A

Phosphorus

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3
Q

Pansukh is a physiological disorder of which crop?

A

Pansukh or Tip-burn disease of paddy is said to be caused by waterlogging accompanied with nitrogen deficiency

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4
Q

White eye of rice is caused by

A

Iron (Fe) deficiency.

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5
Q

Browning of rice

A

Iron toxicity

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6
Q

Akiochi disease in rice caused due to

A

Sulfide toxicity

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7
Q

How many elements are essential for growth and development of plants?

A

17

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8
Q

Which micronutrient is a constituent of enzyme carbonic anhydrase ?

A

Zinc is a cofactor for the enzyme carbonic anhydrase which is essential to carbon uptake during photosynthesis.

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9
Q

Among the families of crop plants, Sulphur requirement increases in the order of

A

Graminae < Leguminosae < Cruciferae

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10
Q

Nitrogen content present in Urea

A

46%

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11
Q

High grade analysis fertilizer is

A

Urea, MOP, anhydrous ammonia
Fertilizers that have more than 30% total available nutrients are called high analysis fertilizers

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12
Q

Calcium content in Ca(NO3)2

A

19% calcium

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13
Q

Nitrogen content in Ammonium chloride

A

26%

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14
Q

Nitrogen % in night soil

A

5.5 %

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15
Q

Ammonium sulphate is an example for which form of fertilizer

A

Crystals

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16
Q

_______ contains 2 or 3 primary plant nutrients of which 2 nutrients are in chemical combination

A

Complex fertilizers
Usually granular
Eg. DAP, Ammonium phosphate and nitrophosphates

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17
Q

Sulphur content in ammonium sulphate nitrate

A

13%

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18
Q

Calcium content in SSP

A

19-22%

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19
Q

Chlorine content in KCl

A

45 to 47 percent Cl⁻

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20
Q

Monocalcium phosphate is ______soluble

A

Water

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21
Q

____________ are those which supply only one primary plant nutrient, namely N, P or K.

A

Straight fertilizer

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22
Q

Goat and sheep manure contain _______NPK ratio

A

3:1:2

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23
Q

Nitrogen content in NaNO3

A

(16% N, 26% Na)

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24
Q

_________ is an expression referring to legal guarantee of available plant nutrients expressed as % by weight in a fertilizer

A

Fertilizer grade

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25
Q

Nitrogen content in MAP

A

12% N (nitrogen) and 61% P2O5 (phosphate).

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26
Q

Dhaincha accumulate _________ amounts of nitrogen

A

133 kg/ha
134 kg/ha - sunhemp

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27
Q

Example of neutral fertilizer

A

Calcium ammonium nitrate

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28
Q

Potassium content in potassium nitrate

A

44%

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29
Q

Nitrogen content in anhydrous ammonia

A

82%

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30
Q

Sulphur content in potassium sulphate

A

17%

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31
Q

Basic slag is soluble in

A

Citric acid

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32
Q

Phosphorus content in DAP

A

46%

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33
Q

ABA (abscisic acid) appears to be universal among __________ plants

A

Vascular plants

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34
Q

Azotobacter fixes atmospheric nitrogen in the soil

A

Non-symbiotically

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35
Q

Molybdenum a component of _________ and __________ enzymes

A

Nitrogenase and nitrate reductase

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36
Q

Moderately mobile nutrients in plants

A

Sulfur, Copper, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Zinc

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37
Q

Which of the following fertilizer is not produced in India ?

A

MOP

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38
Q

White bud maize is a deficiency of

A

Zn

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39
Q

In tomato, fruit cracking is due to

A

Boron deficiency

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40
Q

A: Whiptail of cauliflower is due to Mo deficiency
B: Browning in cauliflower is due to B deficiency

A

Both are true

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40
Q

In potato, black heart is due to

A

O2 deficiency

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41
Q

Root hairs are more developed in ________ plants

A

Xerophytes

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42
Q

Light saturation point is high for ______ plants

A

C4

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43
Q

Cuticular transpiration occurs up to _____%

A

20%

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44
Q

Short day plants examples

A

Tobacco, soybean and rice

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45
Q

Pigment that doesn’t take part in photosynthesis

A

Anthocyanin
Chlorophyll, xanthophyll and carotene take part

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46
Q

1st stable product of C4 plants is

A

OAA (oxaloacetic acid)

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47
Q

Clambering pump theory was given by

A

Godlewski
He thought that a rhythmic change in the water potential of the living cells like xylem parenchyma and medullary rays caused a pumping action to raise water vertically against gravity.

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48
Q

Root pressure is measured by

A

Manometer

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49
Q

Chlorophyll pigment that is universal in green plants

A

Chlorophyll A

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50
Q

Nutrient involved in synthesis of IAA

A

Zinc

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51
Q

Plant unaffected by day length

A

Sunflower, tomato

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52
Q

Scientist who introduced the term photorespiration

A

Krotkov

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53
Q

Father of plant physiology

A

Stephen Hales

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54
Q

Structure present at the tips of veins of leaves

A

Hydathodes

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55
Q

Cold treatment to a plant bud or seedling in order to fulfil the specific low temperature requirement is called

A

Vernalisation

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56
Q

Excessive use of fertilizers can kill the plant due to

A

Plasmolysis

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57
Q

Term photoperiodism was given by

A

Garner and Allard

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58
Q

Inhibition of photosynthesis by O2 is known as

A

Warburg effect

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59
Q

Quantum yield produced by mixed light is greater that yield from 2 beams separately. This phenomenon is called

A

Emerson effect

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60
Q

Respiratory quotient of organic acids

A

> 1

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61
Q

Most accepted theory of ascent of sap

A

Transpirational pull theory

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62
Q

When turgor pressure of guard cells is increased, stomata _____

A

opens

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63
Q

Most abundant protein in the world is

A

RuBisCo

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64
Q

Precursor of IAA

A

Tryptophan

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65
Q

Amount of ATP produced in glycolysis

A

2 ATP

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66
Q

When Fe contents in plants falls below or equal to _______ ppm, deficiency is likely to occur.

A

50 ppm

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67
Q

CuSO4.5H2O has ______% of Cu

A

25%

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68
Q

Na2B4O7 * 10H2O contains ______% of of B

A

11%

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69
Q

Nitrogen content present in safflower cake

A

7.9 %

70
Q

Nitrogen accumulation capacity of Sesbania rostrata

A

100 kg/ha of nitrogen in 50 days

71
Q

Which microbe is associated with symbiotic fixation on nodule with non legume crops?

A

Frankia

72
Q

What are the slow growing species of legume root nodule bacteria?

A

Brady rhizobium

73
Q

Nitrogen content in blood meal

A

10 - 15%

74
Q

VAM is an example of phosphorus __________

A

absorber

75
Q

____________ is also known as pink salt

A

MnSO4

76
Q

Manure also considered as biofertilizer is

A

Blue Green Algae (BGA)

77
Q

Nitrogen content in oxamide

A

31%

78
Q

Which biofertilizer shows associative symbiosis?

A

Azospirillum
This bacterial group live partly within the root and partly outside. There is a fair degree of symbiosis between the host and the bacteria.

79
Q

Boron content in boric acid

A

17%

80
Q

Denitrifying bacteria examples

A

Pseudomonas and Bacillus

81
Q

Nitrogen content present in UAN

A

A solution of urea [CO(NH₂)₂] and ammonium nitrate [NH₄NO₃] containing between 28 and 32 percent nitrogen (N)

82
Q

Chemical formula of gypsum

A

CaSO4.2H2O

83
Q

Symbiotic biofertilizer for cereal grains and grasses

A

Azospirillum

84
Q

PGR responsible for inducing cell division and delay in senescence

A

Cytokinin

85
Q

Hormone used for initiation of rooting in cuttings

A

Auxin

86
Q

Hormone used for breaking dormancy

A

Gibberellin

87
Q

Stomatal regulator hormone

A

ABA

88
Q

Main function of hormone gibberellin is

A

Internode elongation

89
Q

Naturally occurring auxin

A

IAA

90
Q

VAM is most important _______ mycorrhiza

A

endo mycorrhizae
It penetrates within the cells of the plants. The fungus colonizes the root cortex and forms a mycelial network along with characteristic arbuscules. Arbuscules are branched finger-like hyphae.

91
Q

Embryo of seeds secrete _________ enzyme to induce germination

A

Gibberellin

92
Q

1st plant hormone to be discovered

A

Auxin

93
Q

Anti - gibberellins

A

Abscisic acid
Works opposite to gibberellins

94
Q

Stress hormone that plays a major role in abscission of plant leaves & flowers and abiotic stress tolerance

A

ABA

95
Q

Site of production of ABA

A

Terminal bud

96
Q

If critical deficiency level of Zinc in plant tissue is <20 ppm, deficiency of zinc causes

A

White bud of maize
Iron rust of paddy
Little leaf of citrus, mango and cashew
Sickle shape of ground nut

97
Q

Hollow heart in ground nut is due to deficiency of

A

Boron

98
Q

Deficiency symptoms on old and new leaves are due to which nutrient?

A

Zinc

99
Q

Stem melanosis disease of wheat is associated with

A

Cu deficiency

100
Q

Bitter pit of apple is caused by

A

Ca deficiency

101
Q

Bronzing in leaf blades of paddy is associated with

A

Iron toxicity

102
Q

Which deficiency symptom appears on meristem portion?

A

Calcium

103
Q

Micro nutrient that is generally found deficient in Indian soils

A

Zinc

104
Q

Sterility in wheat is due to deficiency of

A

Boron

105
Q

Yellow spots in citrus plants is due to deficiency of

A

Molybdenum

106
Q

Pencil strip of celery is caused by

A

Excess phosphorus

107
Q

New leaves of plants show yellow symptoms and veins remain green is due to which nutrient deficiency?

A

Iron (Fe)

108
Q

Crinkle leaf of cotton is due to

A

Mn toxicity

109
Q

Symptoms of which nutrient deficiency appear first on older leaves and then advance up the stem to younger leaves

A

Nitrogen

110
Q

Grass tetany disease is caused by

A

Deficiency of magnesium

111
Q

Cupping in plants is mainly due to __________ deficiency

A

Mo

112
Q

Deficiency of __________ and _________ are seen on terminal buds

A

Ca and B

113
Q

What is hidden hunger?

A

Hidden hunger refers to a situation in which a crop needs more of a given nutrient yet has shown no deficiency symptoms. The nutrient content is above the deficiency symptom zone but still considerably needed for optimum crop production.

114
Q

Which plant is an indicator plant for potassium deficiency?

A

Potato

115
Q

Which nutrient is important for N₂ fixation?

A

Molybdenum

116
Q

The link between glycolysis and citric acid cycle is the oxidative decarboxylation reaction to form

A

Acetyl CoA

117
Q

Microbial conversion of nitrate into chemical nitrogen is called

A

Denitrification

118
Q

The 17th nutrient added to the list of essential nutrient is

A

Nickel

119
Q

Which element is a part of cytochrome oxidase?

A

Copper and iron

120
Q

Central Fertilizer Quality Control & Training Institute is located at

A

Faridabad, Harayana

121
Q

Phosphorus is available at the pH of

A

6 - 7.5

122
Q

Phosphorus is available at the pH of

A

6 - 7.5

123
Q

Concentration of CO2 in soil air is _______ as compared to atmospheric air

A

10 times more

124
Q

Which element is called the police man - regulating the movement of ions in plants?

A

Potassium (K)

125
Q

Deficiency of mobile element in plant will exhibit symptoms first in _______ leaves

A

Older

126
Q

The protein part of enzyme is called

A

Apoenzyme

127
Q

Which hormone promotes flowering in long day plants?

A

Gibberellins

128
Q

Which processes is sometimes called as necessary evil?

A

Transpiration
It can leads to excessive loss of water sometimes

129
Q

Stomata open at night in

A

CAM plants

130
Q

Availability of Zn increases when it is applied with ______________ fertilizer

A

Nitrogen

131
Q

First manufactured fertilizer in India

A

SSP

132
Q

Ballast elements

A

Al and Si
Ballast elements are those elements that refuse to attribute any useful metabolic function to these elements as they are available in large amounts in plant

133
Q

Dormancy developed due to environmental factors are

A

Secondary or induced

134
Q

Pyrolusite is a major source of

A

Manganese

135
Q

Empirical formula of chlorophyll a

A

C₅₅H₇₂O₅N₄Mg

136
Q

How many Calvin cycles are required to produce 1 molecule of glucose?

A

6
One turn of Calvin cycle fixs only one carbon (of the carbon dioxide). A molecule of glucose is made up of six carbon molecules. Therefore, six turns will be required for the synthesis of one molecule of glucose by Calvin cycle.

137
Q

N% in thiourea

A

36.8%

138
Q

The “Law of Minimum” was proposed by:

A

Leibeg
If one of the essential plant nutrients is deficient, plant growth will be poor even when all other essential nutrients are abundant.

139
Q

Apical dominance is caused by

A

Auxin

140
Q

Immobile nutrients in plants

A

Ca and B

141
Q

Sand drawn disease in tobacco is due to

A

Mg deficiency

142
Q

Equivalent acidity (meq/100g) of anhydrous ammonia is

A

148 meq/ 100g

143
Q

Grey speck of oat is due to

A

Mn deficiency

144
Q

Which nutrient is necessary for translocation of sugars and is involved in reproduction and germination of pollens?

A

Boron

145
Q

Concentration of which nutrient increases in acidic soil?

A

Iron, manganese, copper, zinc and aluminium

146
Q

Hen and chicken disease of grape is due to deficiency of

A

Boron

147
Q

Which nutrient is essential for regulating the stomatal opening in plants?

A

Potassium (K)

148
Q

The 17th element _____ was given by _______

A

Ni by Brown

149
Q

Top sickness of tobacco is due to

A

Boron deficiency

150
Q

Reclamation disease is due to deficiency of

A

Copper

151
Q

Functional nutrient was proposed by

A

DJ Nicholas

152
Q

Exxcess vegetative growth is due to higher application of

A

Nitrogen

153
Q

Tourmaline is an important source of

A

Boron

154
Q

Which element is a component of Vit B12?

A

Cobalt

155
Q

Nitrogen percent in Kisan khad

A

26%
also known as Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN)

156
Q

Pollen sterility of wheat is due to

A

Boron deficiency

157
Q

Increase in soil pH will increase availability of

A

B and Mo

158
Q

Nutrient absorbed as both anion and cation

A

Nitrogen

159
Q

Leaf area index was proposed by

A

Watson
Total leaf area per unit of ground area

160
Q

1st gibberellin was

A

GA3

161
Q

Emerson effect are associated with ________________

A

Photosynthesis

162
Q

C3 cycle is also known as

A

Calvin cycle or light-independent or dark reaction

163
Q

Pahala blight of sugar cane is due to the deficiency of

A

Mn deficiency

164
Q

Brown heart in Turnip is a physiological disorder caused by deficiency of

A

Boron deficiency

165
Q

Which fertilizer is least hygroscopic?

A

DAP

166
Q

Photosystem- II mostly occurs in

A

Granal thylakoid

167
Q

Abscisic acid is categorized as which category of Anti-transpirants?

A

Stomatal closing type

168
Q

Bacteria responsible for nitrification

A

Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter

169
Q

Each unit change in pH brings about the decrease in solubility of Fe3+ by ____ folds

A

1000

170
Q

Which nitrogen fertilizer industrially made first?

A

Calcium nitrate

171
Q

Photo respiration is also known as

A

Glycolate pathway is also known as the C2 cycle of photosynthesis or photorespiration or glycolate-glyoxylate metabolism

172
Q

The energy falling in one minute on the surface of one square centimeter at the outer boundary of the atmosphere, held normal to the sunlight, at the mean distance of the earth from the sun is called

A

Solar constant

173
Q

Unit of photo-synthetically active radiation is

A

Einstein

Plant Sciences (4 decks)

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