Nutrition Flashcards
1
Q
The only mineral constituent of chlorophyll molecule
A
Magnesium
2
Q
Maize leaves develop red and purple color due to the deficiency of?
A
Phosphorus
3
Q
Pansukh is a physiological disorder of which crop?
A
Pansukh or Tip-burn disease of paddy is said to be caused by waterlogging accompanied with nitrogen deficiency
4
Q
White eye of rice is caused by
A
Iron (Fe) deficiency.
5
Q
Browning of rice
A
Iron toxicity
6
Q
Akiochi disease in rice caused due to
A
Sulfide toxicity
7
Q
How many elements are essential for growth and development of plants?
A
17
8
Q
Which micronutrient is a constituent of enzyme carbonic anhydrase ?
A
Zinc is a cofactor for the enzyme carbonic anhydrase which is essential to carbon uptake during photosynthesis.
9
Q
Among the families of crop plants, Sulphur requirement increases in the order of
A
Graminae < Leguminosae < Cruciferae
10
Q
Nitrogen content present in Urea
A
46%
11
Q
High grade analysis fertilizer is
A
Urea, MOP, anhydrous ammonia
Fertilizers that have more than 30% total available nutrients are called high analysis fertilizers
12
Q
Calcium content in Ca(NO3)2
A
19% calcium
13
Q
Nitrogen content in Ammonium chloride
A
26%
14
Q
Nitrogen % in night soil
A
5.5 %
15
Q
Ammonium sulphate is an example for which form of fertilizer
A
Crystals
16
Q
_______ contains 2 or 3 primary plant nutrients of which 2 nutrients are in chemical combination
A
Complex fertilizers
Usually granular
Eg. DAP, Ammonium phosphate and nitrophosphates
17
Q
Sulphur content in ammonium sulphate nitrate
A
13%
18
Q
Calcium content in SSP
A
19-22%
19
Q
Chlorine content in KCl
A
45 to 47 percent Cl⁻
20
Q
Monocalcium phosphate is ______soluble
A
Water
21
Q
____________ are those which supply only one primary plant nutrient, namely N, P or K.
A
Straight fertilizer
22
Q
Goat and sheep manure contain _______NPK ratio
A
3:1:2
23
Q
Nitrogen content in NaNO3
A
(16% N, 26% Na)
24
Q
_________ is an expression referring to legal guarantee of available plant nutrients expressed as % by weight in a fertilizer
A
Fertilizer grade
25
Nitrogen content in MAP
12% N (nitrogen) and 61% P2O5 (phosphate).
26
Dhaincha accumulate _________ amounts of nitrogen
133 kg/ha
134 kg/ha - sunhemp
27
Example of neutral fertilizer
Calcium ammonium nitrate
28
Potassium content in potassium nitrate
44%
29
Nitrogen content in anhydrous ammonia
82%
30
Sulphur content in potassium sulphate
17%
31
Basic slag is soluble in
Citric acid
32
Phosphorus content in DAP
46%
33
ABA (abscisic acid) appears to be universal among __________ plants
Vascular plants
34
Azotobacter fixes atmospheric nitrogen in the soil
Non-symbiotically
35
Molybdenum a component of _________ and __________ enzymes
Nitrogenase and nitrate reductase
36
Moderately mobile nutrients in plants
Sulfur, Copper, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Zinc
37
Which of the following fertilizer is not produced in India ?
MOP
38
White bud maize is a deficiency of
Zn
39
In tomato, fruit cracking is due to
Boron deficiency
40
A: Whiptail of cauliflower is due to Mo deficiency
B: Browning in cauliflower is due to B deficiency
Both are true
40
In potato, black heart is due to
O2 deficiency
41
Root hairs are more developed in ________ plants
Xerophytes
42
Light saturation point is high for ______ plants
C4
43
Cuticular transpiration occurs up to _____%
20%
44
Short day plants examples
Tobacco, soybean and rice
45
Pigment that doesn't take part in photosynthesis
Anthocyanin
Chlorophyll, xanthophyll and carotene take part
46
1st stable product of C4 plants is
OAA (oxaloacetic acid)
47
Clambering pump theory was given by
Godlewski
He thought that a rhythmic change in the water potential of the living cells like xylem parenchyma and medullary rays caused a pumping action to raise water vertically against gravity.
48
Root pressure is measured by
Manometer
49
Chlorophyll pigment that is universal in green plants
Chlorophyll A
50
Nutrient involved in synthesis of IAA
Zinc
51
Plant unaffected by day length
Sunflower, tomato
52
Scientist who introduced the term photorespiration
Krotkov
53
Father of plant physiology
Stephen Hales
54
Structure present at the tips of veins of leaves
Hydathodes
55
Cold treatment to a plant bud or seedling in order to fulfil the specific low temperature requirement is called
Vernalisation
56
Excessive use of fertilizers can kill the plant due to
Plasmolysis
57
Term photoperiodism was given by
Garner and Allard
58
Inhibition of photosynthesis by O2 is known as
Warburg effect
59
Quantum yield produced by mixed light is greater that yield from 2 beams separately. This phenomenon is called
Emerson effect
60
Respiratory quotient of organic acids
>1
61
Most accepted theory of ascent of sap
Transpirational pull theory
62
When turgor pressure of guard cells is increased, stomata _____
opens
63
Most abundant protein in the world is
RuBisCo
64
Precursor of IAA
Tryptophan
65
Amount of ATP produced in glycolysis
2 ATP
66
When Fe contents in plants falls below or equal to _______ ppm, deficiency is likely to occur.
50 ppm
67
CuSO4.5H2O has ______% of Cu
25%
68
Na2B4O7 * 10H2O contains ______% of of B
11%
69
Nitrogen content present in safflower cake
7.9 %
70
Nitrogen accumulation capacity of Sesbania rostrata
100 kg/ha of nitrogen in 50 days
71
Which microbe is associated with symbiotic fixation on nodule with non legume crops?
Frankia
72
What are the slow growing species of legume root nodule bacteria?
Brady rhizobium
73
Nitrogen content in blood meal
10 - 15%
74
VAM is an example of phosphorus __________
absorber
75
____________ is also known as pink salt
MnSO4
76
Manure also considered as biofertilizer is
Blue Green Algae (BGA)
77
Nitrogen content in oxamide
31%
78
Which biofertilizer shows associative symbiosis?
Azospirillum
This bacterial group live partly within the root and partly outside. There is a fair degree of symbiosis between the host and the bacteria.
79
Boron content in boric acid
17%
80
Denitrifying bacteria examples
Pseudomonas and Bacillus
81
Nitrogen content present in UAN
A solution of urea [CO(NH₂)₂] and ammonium nitrate [NH₄NO₃] containing between 28 and 32 percent nitrogen (N)
82
Chemical formula of gypsum
CaSO4.2H2O
83
Symbiotic biofertilizer for cereal grains and grasses
Azospirillum
84
PGR responsible for inducing cell division and delay in senescence
Cytokinin
85
Hormone used for initiation of rooting in cuttings
Auxin
86
Hormone used for breaking dormancy
Gibberellin
87
Stomatal regulator hormone
ABA
88
Main function of hormone gibberellin is
Internode elongation
89
Naturally occurring auxin
IAA
90
VAM is most important _______ mycorrhiza
endo mycorrhizae
It penetrates within the cells of the plants. The fungus colonizes the root cortex and forms a mycelial network along with characteristic arbuscules. Arbuscules are branched finger-like hyphae.
91
Embryo of seeds secrete _________ enzyme to induce germination
Gibberellin
92
1st plant hormone to be discovered
Auxin
93
Anti - gibberellins
Abscisic acid
Works opposite to gibberellins
94
Stress hormone that plays a major role in abscission of plant leaves & flowers and abiotic stress tolerance
ABA
95
Site of production of ABA
Terminal bud
96
If critical deficiency level of Zinc in plant tissue is <20 ppm, deficiency of zinc causes
White bud of maize
Iron rust of paddy
Little leaf of citrus, mango and cashew
Sickle shape of ground nut
97
Hollow heart in ground nut is due to deficiency of
Boron
98
Deficiency symptoms on old and new leaves are due to which nutrient?
Zinc
99
Stem melanosis disease of wheat is associated with
Cu deficiency
100
Bitter pit of apple is caused by
Ca deficiency
101
Bronzing in leaf blades of paddy is associated with
Iron toxicity
102
Which deficiency symptom appears on meristem portion?
Calcium
103
Micro nutrient that is generally found deficient in Indian soils
Zinc
104
Sterility in wheat is due to deficiency of
Boron
105
Yellow spots in citrus plants is due to deficiency of
Molybdenum
106
Pencil strip of celery is caused by
Excess phosphorus
107
New leaves of plants show yellow symptoms and veins remain green is due to which nutrient deficiency?
Iron (Fe)
108
Crinkle leaf of cotton is due to
Mn toxicity
109
Symptoms of which nutrient deficiency appear first on older leaves and then advance up the stem to younger leaves
Nitrogen
110
Grass tetany disease is caused by
Deficiency of magnesium
111
Cupping in plants is mainly due to __________ deficiency
Mo
112
Deficiency of __________ and _________ are seen on terminal buds
Ca and B
113
What is hidden hunger?
Hidden hunger refers to a situation in which a crop needs more of a given nutrient yet has shown no deficiency symptoms. The nutrient content is above the deficiency symptom zone but still considerably needed for optimum crop production.
114
Which plant is an indicator plant for potassium deficiency?
Potato
115
Which nutrient is important for N₂ fixation?
Molybdenum
116
The link between glycolysis and citric acid cycle is the oxidative decarboxylation reaction to form
Acetyl CoA
117
Microbial conversion of nitrate into chemical nitrogen is called
Denitrification
118
The 17th nutrient added to the list of essential nutrient is
Nickel
119
Which element is a part of cytochrome oxidase?
Copper and iron
120
Central Fertilizer Quality Control & Training Institute is located at
Faridabad, Harayana
121
Phosphorus is available at the pH of
6 - 7.5
122
Phosphorus is available at the pH of
6 - 7.5
123
Concentration of CO2 in soil air is _______ as compared to atmospheric air
10 times more
124
Which element is called the police man - regulating the movement of ions in plants?
Potassium (K)
125
Deficiency of mobile element in plant will exhibit symptoms first in _______ leaves
Older
126
The protein part of enzyme is called
Apoenzyme
127
Which hormone promotes flowering in long day plants?
Gibberellins
128
Which processes is sometimes called as necessary evil?
Transpiration
It can leads to excessive loss of water sometimes
129
Stomata open at night in
CAM plants
130
Availability of Zn increases when it is applied with ______________ fertilizer
Nitrogen
131
First manufactured fertilizer in India
SSP
132
Ballast elements
Al and Si
Ballast elements are those elements that refuse to attribute any useful metabolic function to these elements as they are available in large amounts in plant
133
Dormancy developed due to environmental factors are
Secondary or induced
134
Pyrolusite is a major source of
Manganese
135
Empirical formula of chlorophyll a
C₅₅H₇₂O₅N₄Mg
136
How many Calvin cycles are required to produce 1 molecule of glucose?
6
One turn of Calvin cycle fixs only one carbon (of the carbon dioxide). A molecule of glucose is made up of six carbon molecules. Therefore, six turns will be required for the synthesis of one molecule of glucose by Calvin cycle.
137
N% in thiourea
36.8%
138
The "Law of Minimum" was proposed by:
Leibeg
If one of the essential plant nutrients is deficient, plant growth will be poor even when all other essential nutrients are abundant.
139
Apical dominance is caused by
Auxin
140
Immobile nutrients in plants
Ca and B
141
Sand drawn disease in tobacco is due to
Mg deficiency
142
Equivalent acidity (meq/100g) of anhydrous ammonia is
148 meq/ 100g
143
Grey speck of oat is due to
Mn deficiency
144
Which nutrient is necessary for translocation of sugars and is involved in reproduction and germination of pollens?
Boron
145
Concentration of which nutrient increases in acidic soil?
Iron, manganese, copper, zinc and aluminium
146
Hen and chicken disease of grape is due to deficiency of
Boron
147
Which nutrient is essential for regulating the stomatal opening in plants?
Potassium (K)
148
The 17th element _____ was given by _______
Ni by Brown
149
Top sickness of tobacco is due to
Boron deficiency
150
Reclamation disease is due to deficiency of
Copper
151
Functional nutrient was proposed by
DJ Nicholas
152
Exxcess vegetative growth is due to higher application of
Nitrogen
153
Tourmaline is an important source of
Boron
154
Which element is a component of Vit B12?
Cobalt
155
Nitrogen percent in Kisan khad
26%
also known as Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN)
156
Pollen sterility of wheat is due to
Boron deficiency
157
Increase in soil pH will increase availability of
B and Mo
158
Nutrient absorbed as both anion and cation
Nitrogen
159
Leaf area index was proposed by
Watson
Total leaf area per unit of ground area
160
1st gibberellin was
GA3
161
Emerson effect are associated with ________________
Photosynthesis
162
C3 cycle is also known as
Calvin cycle or light-independent or dark reaction
163
Pahala blight of sugar cane is due to the deficiency of
Mn deficiency
164
Brown heart in Turnip is a physiological disorder caused by deficiency of
Boron deficiency
165
Which fertilizer is least hygroscopic?
DAP
166
Photosystem- II mostly occurs in
Granal thylakoid
167
Abscisic acid is categorized as which category of Anti-transpirants?
Stomatal closing type
168
Bacteria responsible for nitrification
Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter
169
Each unit change in pH brings about the decrease in solubility of Fe3+ by ____ folds
1000
170
Which nitrogen fertilizer industrially made first?
Calcium nitrate
171
Photo respiration is also known as
Glycolate pathway is also known as the C2 cycle of photosynthesis or photorespiration or glycolate-glyoxylate metabolism
172
The energy falling in one minute on the surface of one square centimeter at the outer boundary of the atmosphere, held normal to the sunlight, at the mean distance of the earth from the sun is called
Solar constant
173
Unit of photo-synthetically active radiation is
Einstein
