Nutrition Flashcards
Factors influencing Nutrition: Environmental factors
- what is readily available
- lifestyle
- work schedules
- COST
- lack of exercise opportunities
what is readily available
lifestyle
work schedules
COST
lack of exercise opportunities
Factors influencing nutrition: Developmental Needs
- Infants/ toddlers/ school age
- adolescents
- young and middle adults
- older adults
infants/ toddlers/ school age
adolescents
young and middle adults ( supplement aid )
older adults ( chronic demand -> change in oral health )
Older Adults
- slow metabolic rate
- change in oral health
- age related GI changes
- chronic illness
- adverse effects of medications
- cognitive impairment
slow metabolic rate
change in oral health
age related GI changes ( saliva decreases in mouth )
chronic illness
adverse effects of medications ( nausea, diarrhea, constipation)
cognitive impairment ( decreased thirst sensation )
Cultural aspects of nutrition
eating habits
harmony hot/ cold, wet/ dry
some ethnicities are at greater risk for nutrition/ GI related issues (asian: lactose intolerant)
Nursing Process
- Assessment
- Screening
- Diet and health history
- Physical signs and symptoms
Assessment
- early recognition, malnourishment, and complications
Screening
- dietician, Gastroenterologist
Diet and health history
- intake and preference, symptoms, allergies, medications
Physical signs and symptoms
Fundamentals book, box 45.4 p 1114
Health Promotion Education
- My plate
- Meal planning
- Healthy subtitutions
my plate
meal planning
healthy substitutions
Clean - hands, food, surfaces
Separate - wash hands and utensils between use
Cook - ensure proper temperatures
Chill - proper refrigeration, leftovers for only 2 days
Clean - hands, food, surfaces
Separate - wash hands and utensils between use
Cook - ensure proper temperatures
Chill - proper refrigeration, leftovers for only 2 days
Acute Care: Advancing diets
- physician orders
- immunity
physician orders
immunity
Acute Care: Promoting Appetite
- oral hygiene
- mealtimes
- assisting with meals
oral hygiene
mealtimes
assisting with meals
Hospital Diets
NPO
clear liquid
full liquid
dysphagia
mechanical soft
soft/ low residue
high fiber
low sodium
low cholesteral
diabetic
gluten free
heart healthy ( comb of low salt and lowfat content )
renal ( kidney not function -> low electrolytes -> can’t have phosphorus diet )
regular
Restorative & Continuing Care
- GI diseases ( GERD, Celiac )
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Cardiovascular Disease
- Cancer & Cancer Treatment
- HIV/ AIDS
GI diseases ( GERD, Celiac: need specific diet)
diabetes mellitus
cardiovascular disease ( heart healthy diet )
cancer & cancer trtmnt ( higher metabolic needs )
HIV/ AIDS
Botulism
mild discomfort to death, nausea, vomiting, paralysis
Source:
home canning, honey, ham, sausage, shellfish
E. Coli
- cramps, nausea, vomiting, renal failure
Source:
- undercooked meat
cramps, nausea, vomiting, renal failure
Source:
undercooked meat
Listeria
- diarrhea, fever, meningitis, endocarditis
Source:
- soft cheese, hot dogs, lunch meat, unpasteurized milk, seafood
diarrhea, fever, meningitis, endocarditis
Source:
soft cheese, hot dogs, lunch meat, unpasteurized milk, seafood
Clostridium enteritis
- mild diarrhea, vomiting
Source:
- meat
mild diarrhea, vomiting
Source:
meat
