Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PFCM > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

The science in which food and 💡how body uses it

The food you eat and how the body uses it

A

NUTRTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Various discipline that influences nutrition

A 
DIETETICS
CLINICAL NUTRITION
METABOLISM
BIOCHEMISTRY
AGRICULTURE
FOOD TECHNOLOGY
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
ECONOMICS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Major classification of foods

A

SOURCES OF ENERGY
SOURCES OF PROTEINS
SOURES OF VITAMINS AND MINERALS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Major classification of Nutrients in Foods

A

MACRONUTRIENTS (Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats)

MICRONUTRIENTS (Vitamins, Minerals)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Water soluble vitamins

A

B COMPLEXES

ASCORBIC ACID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Fat soluble vitamins

A

VITAMINS A, D, E and K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Major minerals

A 
Ca
Ph
Mg
Na
Cl
K
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Trace minerals

A 
Fe
I
Fl
Z
Cu
Co
Mn
Su
Mb
Se
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The 💡minimum amount of nutrient needed to maintain aptimum health and growth
Determined by age, ses , physiolologic states, body weight, and activity

A

NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Is 💡equal to nutrent requirement plus a 💡safety margin to allow for individual variations and other

A

RECOMMENDED INTAKE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Classification of nutritional status

A

UNDER NOURISHED
ADEQUATELY NOURISHED
OVER NOURISHED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q 
One of the earliest systems for classifying protein-energy malnutrition in children, based on the percentage of expected weight for age. 💡Only weight for age is taken into account.
Normal: >90%
Mild (first degree): 76-90%
Moderate(second degree): 61-75%
Malnutrition: <60%
A

GOMEZ CLASSIFICATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

💡80%-89% of standard weight for age

A

MILD UNDER NOURISHED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

💡70%-79% of standard weight for age

A

MODERATE UNDER NOURISHED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

💡<70% of standard weight for age

A

SEVERE UNDER NOURISHED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

💡90%-110% of standard weight for age

BMI: 💡18.5-22.9

A

ADEQUATELY NOURISHED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

💡111%-120% of standard weight for age

BMI: 💡23-24.9

A

OVERWEIGHT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

💡>120% of standard weight for age

BMI: >30

A

OBESE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

BMI for underweight

A

<18.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Formula for BMI

A

BMI = weight (kg)/ height (m2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Methods used in Nutritional Status Assessment

Community Level

A

Community Level
NUTRITION SURVEYS
VITALS STATITICS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Aimed to provide the💡 data needed for planning or improvment of nutrition

A

NUTRITION SURVEYS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Uses of Nutrition surveys

A

NUTRITIONAL SURVEILLANCE
PROVIDE BASELINE AND PROGRESS DATA TO EVALUATE SPECIFIC PROGRAMS
PROVIDE DATA FOR NUTRITION EDUCATION PROGRAMS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

💡Rate at which a disease occurs in a population

A

MORBIDITY RATES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

A measure💡 of the number of deaths

A

MORTALITY RATES (Death Rate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Manifestation of vitamin A overdose and it is mistaken as jaundice

A

YELLOWISH OF THE SCLERA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Methods used in nutritional status assessment

Individual Level/ Direct Method

A
  1. CLINICAL EXAMINATIONS
  2. ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS
  3. BIOCHEMICAL DETERMINATIONS
  4. PHYSIOLOGIC STUDIES
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Methods used in nutritional status assessment

Household level/ Indirect method

A
  1. STUDIES ON FOOD AVAILABILITY
  2. STUDIES ON DIETARY PRACTICES AND HABITS
  3. MEASUREMENT OF FOOD AND NUTRIENT INTAKE
  4. SOCIO-CULTURAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS STUDIES
  5. STUDIES ON HEALTH CONDITIONS
  6. DETERMINATION OF PERTINENT CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Indicator of nutritional status

A
  1. WEIGHT FOR AGE

2.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Indicator of current, acute malnutrition

A

WEIGHT FOR AGE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Indicator of past or chronic malnutrition

A

HEIGHT/ LENGTH FOR AGE

38
Q

For preliminary screening of malnourished individuals during emergency situation

A

MID UPPER ARM CIRCUMFERENCE FOR AGE

39
Q

For obesity assessment

A

TRICEPS SKIN FOLD THIKNESS

40
Q

A good indicator of current acute malnutrition

A

WEIGHT FOR HEIGHT

41
Q

An important adjunct to the more direct methods of nutritional status assessment

A

FOOD CONSUMPTION SURVEYS

42
Q

Purpose of Food Consumption Surveys

A
  1. TO ASSESS THE DIETS OF POPULATIONS

2. TO PROVIDE BASES FOR EC

43
Q

Basic Tools in Food Consumption Surveys

A
  1. DIETARY METHODS
  2. FOOD COMPOSITION TABLES
  3. RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALOWANCE
44
Q

Most commonly used tool in evaluating nutrient contents of diet

A

FOOD COMPOSITION TABLES

45
Q

A list of recommended intakes for specific nutrients for a particular age, sex, or physiological state.

Gives information on the nutrient adequacy of dietary intakes

A

RECOMMENDED FOOD ALLOWACE

46
Q

Dietary Methods at Different Levels

A
  1. POPULATION LEVEL
  2. HOUSEHOLD LEVEL
  3. INDIVIDUAL LEVEL
47
Q

Food Balance Sheet/Apparent Food Consumption Data

A

POPULATION LEVEL

48
Q

Done by RHU

Food inventory and food list

A

HOUSEHOLD LEVEL

49
Q

Recording or recall of present intake

Done by private clinics

A

INDIVIDUAL LEVEL

50
Q

Food Pathway and Points of Disruption

A 
INGESTION
DIGESTION
ABSORPTION/UTILIZATION
METABOLISM
EXCRETION
51
Q

Important Malnutrition Types

A

PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRITION
NUTRITIONAL ANEMIAS
VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY
IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDER

52
Q

Results with the body’s need for protein, energy or both cannot be satisfied by diet and affects primarily infants and preschool children

A

PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRTION

53
Q

Severe type of protein energy malnutrtion

A

MARASMUS
KWASHIORKOR
MARASMIC-KWASHIORKOR

54
Q

Hemoglobin Levels Indicative of Anemia for People Living at Sea Level
W.H.O., 1968

A 
Hemoglobin (g/dl )
Children 6 months – 6 years Children: < 11
6 years – 14 years: < 12
Adult male < 13 
Adult female, non-pregnant: < 12 
Adult female, pregnant: < 11
55
Q

Energy deficient malnutrition

Characteristics:
Muscle wasting, absence of subcutaneous fats, skin and bone appearance
Apathetic and anxious (wizened old man appearance)
Marked growth retardation and <60% weight for age
Inelastic and wrinkled skin, brittle sparse hair

A

MARASMUS

56
Q

Cause of marasmus

A

EARLY WEANING FROM BREAST FEEDING

DILUTED MILK FORMULA

57
Q

Protein deficient malnutrition

Characteristics:
Soft painless pitting edema
Flaky paint or crazy pavement dermatitis
Flag sign of the hair

A

KWASHIORKOR

58
Q

Causes of Kwashiorkor

A

LATE WEANING

SUPPLEMENTARY FOOD GIVEN ARE STARCHY

59
Q

Deficient in both energy and protein

A

MARASMIC-KWASHIORKOR

60
Q

Condition which result from the inability of erythropoietic tissue to maintain a normal hemoglobin concentration due to inadequate supply of one or more essential nutrients

A

NUTRITIONAL ANEMIAS

62
Q

Types of Nutritional Anemias

A

IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
FOLATE DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
B12 DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

63
Q

Hypochromic, microcytic RBC, high TIBC, low serum ferritin level

A

IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

64
Q

Causes of IDA

A

DECREASED IRON ABSORPTION
INCREASED BLOOD LOSS
INCREASED UTILIZATION

65
Q

Treatment for IDA

A

ADULT & ADOLESCENT: IRON 60mg to 120mg/day
INFANTS & CHILDREN: IRON 3mg/kg BW/day
PREGNANT WOMEN: IRON 120mg/day

66
Q

Hypochromic, megaloblastic RBC

A

FOLATE DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

67
Q

Causes of FDA

A

DECREASED FA INTAKE
DEFECTIVE FA ABSORPTION
INCREASED REQUIREMENTS
DRUG USES

68
Q

Treatment for FDA

A

USUAL DOSAGE: FOLIC ACID 200ug/day

PREGNANT WOMEN: FOLIC ACID 300ug/day

69
Q

Vitamin A Treatment of Xerophthalmia

A

Infant/children <8 kg Preschoolers

Upon diagnosis: 100, 000 IU. 200, 000 IU
2nd day: 100, 000 IU. 200, 000 IU
4th week: 100, 000 IU. 200, 000 IU

70
Q

Vitamin A Prevention Schedule of Xerophthalmia

A

Infant/children <8 kg Preschoolers

1st contact: 100, 000 IU 200, 000 IU

6th month: 100, 000 IU 200, 000 IU

Post partum mothers: 200, 000 IU within the 1st month

71
Q

Hypochromic, megaloblastic RBC

A

B12 DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

72
Q

Causes of B12 Deficiency Anemia

A

STRICT VEGETARIAN DIET
ABSENCE OF INTRINSIC FACTOR
PARASITIC INFECTIONS
DRUG INTAKE

73
Q

Treatment for B12 Deficiency Anemia

A

VITAMIN B12: 1ug/day

74
Q

8 Nutrition-Specific Programs

A
  1. Infant and young child feeding
  2. Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition
  3. National Dietary Supplementation
  4. National Nutrition Promotion Program for Behavior Change
  5. Micronutrient supplementation (vit. A, Fe-B9, multi-micronutrient powder, zinc)
  6. Mandatory food fortification (technology development, capacity building, regulation and monitoring, promotion)
  7. Nutrition in emergencies
  8. Overweight and Obesity Management and Prevention Program
75
Q

10 Nutrition - Sensitive Programs

A
  1. Farm-to-market roads and child nutrition - DA, LGUs
  2. Target Actions to Reduce Poverty and Generate Economic Transformation
    (TARGET) and child nutrition - DA, LGUs
  3. Coconut Rehabilitation Program - PCA
  4. Gulayan sa Paaralan - BPI, DepED
  5. Diskwento caravans in depressed areas - DTI, LGUs
  6. Family development sessions for child and family nutrition project - DSWD, LGUs 7. Mainstreaming nutrition in sustainable livelihood - DSWD, LGUs
  7. Public works infrastructure and child nutrition - DPWH, LGUs
  8. Adolescent Health and Nutrition Development - DOH, LGUs
  9. Sagana at Ligtas na Tubig sa Lahat(SALINTUBIG) and other programs on water,
    sanitation and hygiene - DOH, DILG, LWUA
76
Q

These are development projects that were tweaked to produce nutritional outcomes/tweaking can be done by targeting households with undernourished children or nutritionally-vulnerable groups, or targeting areas with high levels of malnutrition, or being a channel for delivering nutrition-specific interventions.

A

10 NUTRITION SENSITIVE PROGRAMS

77
Q

Clinical Features of Anemia

A 
PALLOR
RESPIRATORY DISTRESS
SLEEPINESS AND FATIGUABILITY
REDUCED POWER OF CONCENTRATION
SYSTEMIC DISTURBANCE AS CONDITION WORSENS
78
Q

Most common cause of preventable blindness among children

A

VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY

79
Q

Functions of Vitamin A

A 
PROPER VISION
MAINTENANCE OF THE INTEGRITY OF THE EPITHELIAL LINING
GROWTH
REPRODUCTION
IMMUNE SYSTEM
80
Q

Visual disorder caused by vitamin A deficiency

Clinical Features:
Night blindness
Conjunctival xerosis
Bitot’s spot
Corneal xerosis, ulceration, softening
A

XEROPHTHALMIA

83
Q

Associated with inadequate intake or absorption of iodine

A

IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDER

84
Q

Prevention and control of Iodine Deficiency Disorder

A

IODIZATION OF SALT (20 mg to 50 mg/ Kg salt)

IODIZATION OF DRINKING WATER [4 to 6 drops of Lugol’s solution (0. 03g KIO3/20 ml H2O )] in a glass of water

IODIZED OIL (Lipiodol 0.5 to 1 ml deep IM)

EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION

85
Q

A nutritional plan to end malnutrition

A

THE PHILIPPINE PLAN OF ACTION FOR NUTRITION (PPAN) 2017-2022

PFCM (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions