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PFCM > Immunization > Flashcards

Immunization Flashcards

1
Q

💡Resistance to disease specifically infectious disease

A

IMMUNITY

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2
Q

Collection of cells, tissues and molecules that 💡mediate resistance to infections

A

IMMUNE SYSTEM

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3
Q

💡Coordinated reaction of cells and molecules to infectious microbes

A

IMMUNE RESPONSE

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4
Q

Live or inactivated substance 💡capable of producing an immune response

A

ANTIGEN

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5
Q

Protein molecules produced by 💡B lymphocytes to help 💡eliminate an antigen

A

ANTIBODY

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6
Q

CONCEPTS ON IMMUNITY

A

SEE ANKI

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7
Q

Types of Immunity

A

A. NATURAL/INNATE IMMUNITY

B. ADAPTIVE/ACQUIRED IMMUNITY

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8
Q

▪ 💡First line of defense
▪ 💡Immediate protection against microbial invasion
▪ Rapidly mobilized at the site of infection but 💡lacks immunologic memory
▪ 💡Natural or 💡Native Immunity
▪ Innate immune responses 💡enhance adaptive immune responses against the infectious agent
▪ 💡Non-specific resistance of the body against infection.

A

NATURAL/INNATE IMMUNITY

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9
Q

NATURAL/INNATE IMMUNITY

A

▪ Non-specific resistance of the body against infection.
▪ 💡Barriers: skin, GIT and respiratory epithelium, mucous membranes
▪ 💡Dendritic Cells: Antigen presenting function
▪ 💡NK Cells: Destroy irreversibly stressed and abnormal cells
▪ 💡Phagocytic cells:
○ 💡Monocytes - cytotoxic ability
○ 💡Macrophages - antigen presenter
○ 💡Polymorphonuclear cells/Neutrophils - kills extracellular pathogens
○ And 💡auxiliary cells- involved in inflammation process
○ 💡Mast cells
○ 💡Basophils
○ 💡Platelets

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10
Q

3 Important Cells in Phagocytosis:

A 
○ 💡Neutrophils
   • Circulating pool
   • Marginated pool
○ 💡Circulating monocytes
○ 💡Fixed tissue macrophages
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11
Q

▪ 💡Second defense system
▪ Develops more 💡slowly and provides more 💡specialized defense against infections
▪ 💡SPECIFIC IMMUNITY or 💡ACQUIRED IMMUNITY
▪ 💡Specific for the pathogen and confers protective immunity to reinfection with the pathogen
▪ Specifically 💡recognize and destroy the pathogen because lymphocytes carry specialized cellular receptors and produce specific antibodies
• 💡Highly specific resistance of the body against infections

A

ADAPTIVE/ACQUIRED IMMUNITY

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12
Q

What are the cells that mediates ADAPTIVE/ACQUIRED IMMUNITY?

A

B lymphocytes

T lymphocytes

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13
Q

Categories of Acquired Immunity:

A

Cell-mediated immunity

Humoral immunity

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14
Q
  • Specific immunity mediated by 💡T-cells
  • Most T cells recognize only 💡protein antigens
  • Acts against foreign bodies/ tissues and defense against intracellular microbes
  • 💡Activates other cells in immune system
A

Cell-mediated immunity

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15
Q

What are the cells that mediate Cell-mediated immunity?

A

HELPER T CELLS
CYTOTOXIC T CELLS
NATURAL KILLER CELLS

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16
Q

💡Antigen Presenting Cells – activation of macrophages/ inflammation and activation of T and B lymphocytes

A

HELPER T CELLS

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17
Q

Killing of Infected Cells

A

CYTOTOXIC T CELLS

NATURAL KILLER CELLS

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18
Q

o 💡Long-term resistance
o 💡Antibodies
o 💡B lymphocytes
o Enter the circulation and mucosal fluids
o Neutralize and eliminate microbes and microbial toxins
o Outside host cells, in the blood, extracellular fluid derived from plasma, and in the lumens of mucosal organs
o 💡Slow onset of action specific immunity
o Antibodies produced by B-cells

A

Humoral immunity

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19
Q

IMMUNOGLOBULINS

A 
IgG
IgM
IgA
IgE
IgD
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20
Q
  • 💡Cross the placentae
  • Most abundant immunoglobulin in 💡newborns
  • Persists 💡longer in secondary response
  • Indicate 💡past infection
A

IgG

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21
Q
  • 💡First produced in response to an antigen
  • Most efficient immunoglobulin in 💡agglutination, 💡complement fixation and 💡antigen antibody reactions
  • Defense in bacteria and viruses
  • Indicate 💡acute or current infection
A

IgM

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22
Q
  • 💡Mucosal immunity

* Milk, saliva, tears (Respiratory, GIT, GUT)

A

IgA

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23
Q
  • Parasitic Infections

* Allergic Reactions

A

IgE

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24
Q

IMMUNE SYSTEM

A

A. GENERAL LYMPHOID ORGANS

B. PERIPHERAL LYMPHOID ORGANS

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25
Q

GENERAL LYMPHOID ORGANS

A

THYMUS

BONE MARROW

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26
Q

💡Maturation and 💡education site of lymphoid cells allowing T cells to develop the important attribute known as 💡self-tolerance

A

THYMUS

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27
Q

Site of origin of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets

A

BONE MARROW

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28
Q

PERIPHERAL LYMPHOID ORGANS

A

LYMPH NODES
SPLEEN
MUCOSA-ASSOCIATED LYMPHOID TISSUE (MALT)

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29
Q

Small bean shaped structures lying along the course of lymphatic and are aggregated in the neck, axillae, groins and para-aortic region

A

LYMPH NODES

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30
Q

Located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen

A

SPLEEN

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31
Q

o Tonsils
o Adenoids (Waldeyer’s ring)
o Peyer’s patches
• Organized to concentrated antigens, APC and lymphocytes for adaptive immune responses

A

MUCOSA-ASSOCIATED LYMPHOID TISSUE (MALT)

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32
Q

o Protection produce by the 💡person’s own immune system

o 💡Lifetime

A

Active Immunity

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33
Q

o Protection 💡transferred from another animal or human

A

Passive Immunity

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34
Q

o The 💡process whereby a person is made💡 resistant to an infectious disease, typically usually by the administration of a vaccine.
o 💡Stimulate the immune system to develop long-lasting immunity against antigens from specific pathogens
o Elicit an immune response against an antigen so that when the individual is again exposed to the antigen, a much stronger immune response will result.

A

IMMUNIZATION

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35
Q

It stimulate the immune system to develop long-lasting immunity against antigens from specific pathogens.

A

Vaccines

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36
Q

o Vaccines promote health
o Vaccines have an expansive reach: they protect individuals, communities, and entire populations
o Vaccines have rapid impact: the impact of most vaccines on communities and populations is almost immediate
o Vaccines save lives and costs

A

VACCINATION

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37
Q

IMMUNIZING AGENTS

A

o Immunoglobulins

• Antibodies

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38
Q

Antisera

A

o Materials prepared from animals

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39
Q

💡Slower response with 💡lower level of immunity

A

Primary Immune Response

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40
Q

Exposed to a certain antigens there will be 💡immediate response and 💡higher level of immunity.

A

Secondary Immune Response

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41
Q

The main vaccine preventable diseases targeted by the EPI and the associated vaccines

A

See anki

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42
Q

💡Immuno-biological substance designed to produce specific protection against a given disease.

A

VACCINES

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43
Q

VACCINES Types:

A 
LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINE
INACTIVATED VACCINE
SUBUNIT VACCINE
TOXOID VACCINE
RECOMBINANT VACCINE
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44
Q

o Attenuated (💡weakened) form of the “wild” virus or bacterium
o 💡Must replicate to produce an immune response
o Immune response virtually 💡identical to natural infection
o Usually produce immunity with 💡one dose*
o 💡Severe reactions possible
o Interference from circulating antibody
o 💡Fragile – must be stored and handled carefully

A

LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINE

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45
Q

LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINE Examples:

A 
o Viral:
   • Measles
   • Rotavirus
   • Oral polio
o Bacterial:
   • BCG
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46
Q

Five WHO recommended vaccines using LAV Technology

A

See anki

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47
Q

o 💡Inactivated microorganisms grown in a culture
o 💡Cannot replicate
o Less affected by circulating antibody than live vaccines
o Always require 💡multiple doses
o Immune response mostly 💡humoral
o 💡Antibody titer diminish with time
o May require periodic supplemental 💡booster doses

A

INACTIVATED VACCINE

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48
Q

Adverse reactions associated with inactivated whole-cell vaccines

A

SEE anki

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49
Q

INACTIVATED VACCINE

A

SEE anki

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50
Q

o 💡No live component of the pathogen

o Only 💡antigenic parts

A

SUBUNIT VACCINE

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51
Q

SUBUNIT VACCINE

A

SEE anki

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52
Q

SUBUNIT VACCINE Types:

A

PROTEIN BASED SUBUNIT VACCINES
POLYSACCHARIDE SUBUNIT VACCINES
CONJUGATE SUBUNIT VACCINES

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53
Q

Uses a specific 💡isolated protein of the pathogen
o May bind to different antibodies than the protein of the pathogen

Examples:
o 💡Acellular pertussis (aP) – inactivated pertussis toxin
o 💡Hepatitis B – HBsAg of purified plasma of Infected Individuals

A

PROTEIN BASED SUBUNIT VACCINES

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54
Q

PROTEIN BASED SUBUNIT VACCINES

A

SEE anki

55
Q

o 💡Polysaccharide capsule of the bacteria
o Not consistently immunogenic in children younger than 2 years of age
o Induce only 💡short-term immunity
o 💡No booster response
o Antibody with 💡less functional activity
o💡IgM with little IgG
o 💡Pneumococcal, 💡Meningococcal

A

POLYSACCHARIDE SUBUNIT VACCINES

56
Q

o Polysaccharide is bonded with a 💡carrier protein

o Increases immunogenicity with 💡antibody booster response

A

CONJUGATE SUBUNIT VACCINES

57
Q

CONJUGATE SUBUNIT VACCINES

A

SEE anki

58
Q

▪ Based on the 💡toxin produced by certain bacteria
▪ Protein based toxin is rendered harmless and used as an antigen in the vaccine to elicit immunity
▪ Adsorbed to 💡adjuvants (aluminum or calcium salts)

A

TOXOID VACCINE

59
Q

TOXOID VACCINE

A

SEE anki

60
Q

TOXOID VACCINE

A

SEE anki

61
Q

Whole-cell vaccines Examples:

A 
o Viral:
  • Polio
  • Hepatitis A
  • Rabies
  • Influenza
o Bacterial:
  • Pertussis
  • Typhoid
  • Cholera
  • Plague
62
Q

Fractional vaccines Examples:

A

o Subunits: hepatitis B, influenza, acellular pertussis, human papillomavirus, anthrax

63
Q

Toxoids Examples:

A

Diphtheria, tetanus

64
Q

▪ 💡Genetic engineering technology

▪ Insertion of a segment of the respective 💡viral gene in to the gene of a yeast cell or virus

A

RECOMBINANT VACCINE

65
Q

RECOMBINANT VACCINE Examples:

A

▪ Viral: hepatitis B, human papillomavirus, influenza (one brand), live attenuated influenza
▪ Bacterial: Salmonella Typhi (Ty21a)

66
Q

It aims to build a 💡Region free from vaccine-preventable diseases.

It was established in 1976 to ensure that infants/children and mothers have access to routinely recommended infant/childhood vaccines.

A

Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI)

67
Q

The immunization goals for the Western Pacific Region are:

A

o Sustaining polio-free status
o Eliminating maternal and neonatal tetanus
o Eliminating measles
o Accelerating control of hepatitis B
o Eliminating rubella
o Introducing new vaccines
o Meeting regional vaccination coverage targets
o Accelerating control of Japanese encephalitis

68
Q

Six vaccine-preventable diseases were initially included in the EPI:

A 
o Tuberculosis
o Poliomyelitis
o Diphtheria
o Tetanus
o Pertussis
o Measles
69
Q

Vaccines under the EPI:

A 
o BCG birth dose
o Hepatitis B birth dose
o Oral Poliovirus Vaccine
o Pentavalent Vaccine
o Measles Containing Vaccines (Anti measles Vaccine
o Measles, Mumps, Rubella)
o Tetanus Toxoid
70
Q

In 2014, __ was included in the routine immunization of EPI.

A

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine 13

71
Q

Fully immunized child is?

A

▪ One dose of BCG
▪ 3 doses of OPV, DPT and Hepatitis B Vaccine
▪ Measles
▪ Before reaching one year old

**Recently one dose of IPV

72
Q

DOH

A

SEE anki

73
Q 
▪ Mycobacterium tuberculosis
▪ Area of Infection:
  o Lungs
  o Bones
  o Joints
  o Brain
▪ Mode of Transmission:
  o Airborne
▪ Risk Factors:
  o Overcrowding
  o Poor access to health care
  o Immunocompromised
  o Malnutrition
▪ Symptoms:
  o Weight loss
  o General weakness
  o Fever and night sweats
  o Hemoptysis
  o Persistent cough
  o Chest pain
  o Failure to thrive
  o Swelling
  o Pain and crippling effects on the hips, knees or spine
A

TUBERCULOSIS

74
Q

TUBERCULOSIS Treatment:

A

BCG Vaccination before 1 year old prevents TB Meningitis and other severe forms of TB in children less than 5yo

75
Q

o Freeze dried solution
o +2 –to +8 ℃ after reconstitution
o Small raised lump → 2 weeks red sore → 2 weeks small scar (5mm)

A

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin

76
Q

BCG Vaccine Summary

A

SEE anki

77
Q 
▪ Corynebacterium diphtheriae
▪ Mode of Transmission:
  o Person-to-person
  o Respiratory contact
▪ Signs and Symptoms
  o Sore throat
  o Loss of appetite
  o Bluish-white or grey membrane in the throat
  o Severe weakness
  o Swollen neck
  o Respiratory obstruction
  o Cardiac complications
     - Arrhythmia
     - Heart failure
A

DIPTHERIA

78
Q

DIPTHERIA Treatment:

A 
o Anti-toxin and antibiotics
o Diphtheria containing vaccine
o Diphtheria with tetanus toxoid (DT/dT)
o Diphtheria/tetanus and pertussis (DTP)
o Diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis/hepatitis B and Hemophilus influenzae B
79
Q

Pentavalent (DTP + HepB + Hib)

A

Diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis/hepatitis B and Hemophilus influenzae B

80
Q

DIPTHERIA Vaccine handling:

A

o +2 to +8 ℃ freeze dried (lyophilized)

o Freeze sensitive

81
Q

DIPTHERIA Vaccine Summary

A

SEE anki

82
Q 
▪ Caused by Clostridium tetani
▪ Soil-infected wound; Deep wounds, burns and crush injuries
▪ Signs and Symptoms:
  • Trismus
  • Stiffening of muscles of neck, abdomen or back
  • Difficulty of swallowing
  • Muscle spasms
  • Sweating
  • Fever
A

TETANUS

83
Q

It is the most common life-threatening consequences of unclean deliveries and umbilical cord care practices

A

Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus

84
Q

TETANUS Incubation Period:

A

3 to 21 days after infection

85
Q

TETANUS Treatment

A
  • Anti-tetanus immunoglobulin, Antibiotics, Wound care, and Supportive measures
  • Tetanus toxoid containing vaccine (TTCV)
  • Diphtheria with Tetanus toxoid (DT/dT)
  • Diphtheria/tetanus and Pertussis (DTP)
  • Diphtheria/Tetanus/Pertussis/Hepatitis B and H. influenzae b - Pentavalent (DTP + HepB + Hib)
86
Q

Tetanus Toxoid Guidelines:

A

SEE anki

87
Q

Tetanus Toxoid Summary

A

SEE anki

88
Q

▪ Caused by Bordetella pertussis
▪ “Whooping Cough”
o Mode of Transmission: Droplet transmission
o Signs and Symptoms:
• Common colds with mild cough
• Worsening cough → High pitched whoop
• Cyanosis
• Vomiting and exhaustion after coughing attacks
• Pneumonia
• Convulsions and seizures

A

PERTUSSIS

89
Q

PERTUSSIS Treatment:

A
  • Antibiotics
  • Pertussis-containing vaccine
  • Diphtheria/tetanus and Pertussis (DTP)
  • Diphtheria/Tetanus/Pertussis/Hepatitis B and H. influenzae b - Pentavalent (DTP + HepB + Hib)
90
Q

PERTUSSIS Summary:

A

SEE anki

91
Q

▪ Hepatitis B Virus - infects the liver
▪ May progress to a chronic disease for infants infected during birth or before 1 year of age
▪ Cirrhosis and liver cancer, liver failure
o Signs and Symptoms:
• Fatigue, nausea, vomiting
• Abdominal pain
• Jaundice

A

HEPATITIS B

92
Q

HEPATITIS B Treatment:

A
  • Interferon and antiviral agents
  • Hepatitis B vaccine
  • Diphtheria/Tetanus/Pertussis/Hepatitis B and H. influenzae b – pentavalent (DTP + HepB + Hib)
93
Q

HEPATITIS B Summary:

A

SEE anki

94
Q

▪ Nose and throat of children
▪ Severe pneumonia, meningitis for children less than 5 years
▪ Person to person droplets
○ Signs and Symptoms:
• Fever, cough, rapid breathing and chest wall retractions
• Meningitis sign: Epiglottitis, septicemia
• Mental retardation, brain damage, hearing loss

A

HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZA B

95
Q

HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZA B Treatment:

A

Antibiotics

• Diphtheria/Tetanus/Pertussis/Hepatitis B and H. influenzae b - Pentavalent (DTP + HepB + Hib)

96
Q

Diphtheria/Tetanus/Pertussis/Hepatitis B and H. influenzae b - Pentavalent (DTP + HepB + Hib) Handling:

A

Freeze dried (Freeze sensitive)

+2 to +8 ℃

97
Q

▪ Highly infectious disease caused by Poliovirus types 1,2 and 3 (WPVs)
▪ Children < 5years of age
▪ Irreversible paralysis (Spinal cord nerve cells)
○ Mode of Transmission: Fecal-oral route
○ Signs and Symptoms:
• Fever, headache, and sore throat, paralysis

A

POLIOMYELITIS

98
Q

POLIOMYELITIS Treatment:

A
  • No cure
  • Supportive and symptomatic care
  • Ventilator, orthopedic tx, regular physiotherapy
  • OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine) + IPV (Inactivated Polio Vaccine)
99
Q
  • Heat sensitive and kept frozen

* After thawing +2 to +8 degrees Celsius for a maximum of 6 months or can be refrozen

A

OPV (Live attenuated, 1, 2, 3)

100
Q
  • Stable outside the cold chain
  • +2 to +8-degree Celsius
  • It should not be frozen
A

IPV in combination with pentavalent or stand alone

101
Q

POLIOMYELITIS Summary:

A

SEE anki

102
Q

▪ Streptococcus pneumoniae
▪ Pneumonia and meningitis
▪ Septicemia, Otitis media, sinusitis
▪ Mode of Transmission: Direct contact with respiratory secretions
○ Signs and symptoms depend on the affected part

A

PNEMOCOCCAL DISEASE

103
Q

PNEMOCOCCAL DISEASE Treatment:

A
  • Antibiotics
  • Pneumococcal vaccine with other control measures
  • Pneumococcal polysaccharides (23 serotypes)
  • Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
104
Q

PNEMOCOCCAL DISEASE Summary:

A

SEE anki

105
Q

▪ Highly infectious disease
▪ Occur as an epidemic
○ Mode of Transmission: Contact with nose and throat secretions/airborne droplets
▪ Infective several days before and after symptoms
▪ Cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis, Koplik spot
▪ Rash (head-trunk-feet)
▪ Malnutrition, middle ear infection, pneumonia, encephalitis, blindness

A

MEASLES

106
Q

MEASLES Treatment:

A
  • No antiviral
  • Antibiotics
  • Nutritional support and rehydration
  • Vitamin A supplementation
  • Measles containing vaccines
107
Q

Measles containing vaccines

A
  • MMR - Measles, Mumps, and Rubella
  • Freeze dried
  • Heat and Light Sensitive
108
Q

MEASLES Summary

A

SEE anki

109
Q 
▪ Infectious parotitis
▪ Mumps orchitis
▪ Mode of Transmission: Airborne droplets, direct contact
○ Signs and Symptoms:
  • Pain on chewing and swallowing
  • Fever and weakness
  • Swelling on the salivary glands
  • Sterility
  • Encephalitis, Meningitis and hearing loss
A

MUMPS

110
Q

MUMPS Treatment:

A 
• Supportive treatment
• Mumps Containing Vaccine
- MMR - Measles, Mumps, and Rubella
- Freeze dried
- +2 to +8 degrees Celsius
- Heat sensitive but not damaged by freezing
111
Q

MUMPS Summary:

A

SEE anki

112
Q

▪ Mild in children and adults
▪ Congenital Rubella syndrome
▪ Deafness, eyes, heart and brain
○ Mode of Transmission: Airborne droplets
• Mild fever, Conjunctivitis, swollen neck lymph nodes
• Erythematous maculopapular rash
• Encephalitis, Guillain-Barre Syndrome

A

RUBELLA

113
Q

RUBELLA Treatment:

A

• Supportive measures
• Rubella vaccine in combination with Measles (MR) or
• MMR -Measles, mumps, rubella
- Freeze dried
- +2 to +8 degrees Celsius
- Heat sensitive but not damaged by freezing

114
Q

RUBELLA Summary:

A

SEE anki

115
Q

▪ System used for 💡storing vaccines in good condition
▪ 💡Vaccine supply chain
▪ 💡Immunization supply chain
▪ Series of links designed to keep vaccines within WHO recommended temperature changes
▪ Store vaccines and diluents within the required temperature range at all sites
▪ Pack and transport vaccines to and from outreach sites according to recommended procedures
▪ Keep vaccines and diluents within the recommended cold chain conditions during immunization sessions

A

VACCINES COLD CHAIN

116
Q

The Cold Chain

A

SEE anki

117
Q

Recommended vaccine storage temperatures

A

SEE anki

118
Q

Vaccine heat sensitivity

A

SEE anki

119
Q

Freeze Sensitive Vaccines

A

SEE anki

120
Q

Vaccines that are as sensitive to light:

A

BCG, measles, measles-rubella

121
Q

Vaccines that are sensitive to light handling:

A

▪ Keep vaccines in an appropriate vaccine refrigeration equipment
▪ Use a temperature monitoring device to ensure temperatures remain between +2 °C and +8 °C
▪ Transport vaccines to immunization sessions in a vaccine carrier, correctly packed, using coolant pack that have been properly prepared
▪ During immunization sessions, fit a foam pad (if available) at the top of the vaccine carrier
○ Water packs
• Frozen ice packs -10 and -25 °C
• Conditioned ice packs 0 °C
• Cool water +5 °C
• Warm water +18 °C to 24 °C
○ Vaccine Vial Monitors
• Temperature monitoring device through the entire chain
• Chemical indicator label
• VVM2, VVM7, VVM14, VVM30
• 37 °C
• Heat damaged vaccines are not administered

122
Q

VVM

A

SEE anki

123
Q

○ Freeze sensitive vaccines have been exposed to temperatures below 0°C

A

Shake Test

124
Q

Shake Test

A

SEE anki

125
Q

ADVERSE EVENT FOLLOWING IMMUNIZATION

A 
A. ADVERSE VACCINE REACTION
B. VACCINE PRODUCT-RELATED REACTION
C. VACCINE QUALITY DEFECT-RELATED REACTION
D. IMMUNIZATION ERROR-RELATED REACTION
E. IMMUNIZATION ANXIETY-RELATED REACTION
F. COINCIDENTAL EVENT
G. CAUSES
H. CONTRADICTION
126
Q

▪ Subset of AEFI
▪ Refers to vaccine-related event caused or precipitated by a vaccine when given correctly
▪ Rate of adverse vaccine reactions is very much lower than the rate of health damaging complications resulting from the disease in unvaccinated individuals

A

ADVERSE VACCINE REACTION

127
Q

▪ An AEFI that is caused or precipitated by a vaccine due to one or more of the inherent properties of the vaccine product
▪ Extensive limb swelling following DTP vaccination

A

VACCINE PRODUCT-RELATED REACTION

128
Q

▪ An AEFI is caused or precipitated by a vaccine that is due to one or more quality defects of the vaccine product including its administration device as provided by the manufacture.
○ Example: The failure by the manufacturer to completely inactivate a lot of inactivated polio vaccine leads to cases of paralytic polio.

A

VACCINE QUALITY DEFECT-RELATED REACTION

129
Q

▪ This kind of AEFI is caused by the inappropriate vaccine handling, prescribing or administration and hence by its nature is preventable.
○ Example: Transmission of the infection can be cause by the use of contaminated multi-dose vial.

A

IMMUNIZATION ERROR-RELATED REACTION

130
Q

▪ The type of AEFI which arises from anxiety about the immunization.
○ Example: Vasovagal syncope in an adolescent during/following vaccination

A

IMMUNIZATION ANXIETY-RELATED REACTION

131
Q

▪ An AEFI that is caused by something other than the vaccine product, immunization error or immunization anxiety
▪ A fever occurs at the time of the vaccination (temporal association) but is in fact caused by malaria)

A

COINCIDENTAL EVENT

132
Q 
▪ Components of vaccine
▪ Potential risk
▪ Different type of antigens
▪ Adjuvants and conjugated
▪ Antibiotics, stabilizers, and preservatives to reduce contamination during manufacturing process and to maintain their effectiveness during transport and storage
A

CAUSES

133
Q

▪ Rare condition in a recipient that increases the risk for a serious adverse reaction
▪ Most are temporary
▪ Severe allergic reaction prior or to a constituent

A

CONTRADICTION

134
Q

Contraindication of vaccine

A

SEE anki

PFCM (5 decks)

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