Nutrients Quiz Flashcards
What can poor nutrition cause?(6)
overweight or underweight skin problems tooth decay depression illness cuts take longer to heal get colds and flu easily loss of concentration
What can inadequate nutrition lead to?
Malnutrition Anemia(a blood disorder that is caused by iron deficiency and includes lack of energy, weakness, shortness of breath, cold hands, and cold feet)
What are nutrients?
Chemicals the body needs to work properly
What are the basic nutrients(6)?
carbs proteins fats water vitamins minerals
How does the body use nutrients?(6)
energy build and repair cells regulating body pressure breathing digesting building red blood cells
What happens during digestion?(2)
nutrients are absorbed
blood carries them to where they need to be
What does RDA stand for?
recommended daily amount/allotment
Characteristics of carbs(3`
the body’s main source of energy
supplied by plant foods
complex and simple carbs
Examples of complex carbs(4)
beans
starchy vegetables
rice
bread
Examples of simple carbs(4)
natural sugars in veggies, fruit, and milk
candy
soft drinks
cookies
Characteristics of dietary fiber(4)
body can’t digest completely
ex. grains, dry beans, peas, veggies, fruit
decreases risk of cancer and heart disease
teens need 25-30 grams daily
Characteristics of fats(6)
supply chemicals for healthy skin, cells, and other body functions transports certain vitamins keeps food in your stomach longer is a reserve supply of energy insulates you from heat and cold cushions vital organs
Characteristics of cholesterol(3)
fat like substance that helps the body carry out its many processes
body makes its own cholesterol, so we don’t need it from food
found in meat, fish, egg yolks, dairy products, and poultry
Characteristics of saturated fat(3)
solid at room temp
raises cholesterol
found in all animal food, fish tends to have the least
Characteristics of unsaturated fats(3)
liquid at room temperature
found in vegetable oils
tend to lower cholesterol in teh blood
Characteristics of hydrogenated oil(4)
oil that has been turned into a more solid fat
becomes trans fat in the process
trans fat raises the amount of cholesterol in the blood
ex. margarine
Characteristics of proteins(4)
substances that the body uses to build new cells and repair injured ones
necessary for growth
helps fight off disease
made up of amino acids
Characteristics of amino acids(3)
22 amino acids have been discovered
the body makes 13
other nine are essential amino acids(need to get from food)
Characteristics of complete proteins(2)
contains all the essential amino acids
ex. meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products
Characteristics of incomplete proteins(2)
lack of one or more of the essential amino acids
ex. food from plant sources, nuts, grains
Characteristics of vitamins(3)
chemical mixtures found in many types of foods
dont provide energy
help other nutrients work properly
Characteristics of fat-soluble vitamins(3)
mix with fat only
stored in the liver
vitamins a, d, e, k
Characteristics of water-soluble vitamins(3)
mix only with water
cannot be stored in the body(pee)
vitamins b, c
What do minerals become part of in the body?(4)
cells
fluid
muscles
bones
What are some examples of minerals?(5)
calcium phosphorus iron sodium zinc
Characteristics of water(3)
essential for life
part of every cell in the body
recommended 8 glasses per day
What does the need for supplements depend on?
Yourself and your diet
