Nutrient Cycle

Question 1

Evaporation

Answer 1

Evaporation is the process of turning a liquid into vapour

Question 2

Condensation

Answer 2

Condensation is the conversion of a gas into a liquid. An example would be water collecting on a cold surface, such as a cup, because it’s made contact with humid air

Question 3

Precipitation

Answer 3

Precipitation is water falling down to Earth in any form. Some examples would be water, snow, and hail

Question 4

Sublimation

Answer 4

Sublimation is the process of water turning into a gas without becoming a liquid first. Dry ice, which is the solid form of carbon dioxide is an example of sublimation.

Question 5

Transpiration

Answer 5

Transpiration is when plants absorb water through their roots and then makes that water into vapour and releases it through the pores in their leaves.

Question 6

Percolation

Answer 6

Percolation is the process of liquid slowly passing through a filter

Question 7

Run Off

Answer 7

Precipitation water that’s drained by rivers or streams

Question 8

Water Reservoirs

Answer 8

Natural or man-made storage spaces for water.

Question 9

Carbon

Answer 9

An odourless, colourless gas that can produce carbon dioxide, and more.

Question 10

Atmosphere

Answer 10

Envelope of gas that surrounds the Earth

Question 11

Biosphere

Answer 11

Part of Atmosphere where all organisms live

Question 12

Geosphere

Answer 12

All the solid portion of Earth, such as Earth’s mantle

Question 13

Hydrosphere

Answer 13

All water within and on Earth. This includes vapour, oceans, clouds, etc.

Question 14

Carbon Dioxide

Answer 14

A gas that can be produced through cellular respiration and photosynthesis. It is a part of Earth’s cycle that maintains Earth’s temperature.

Question 15

Cellular Respiration

Answer 15

The process that supplies an organisms’ molecules with energy so that they can carry out basic functions and metabolic reactions. Ex. breathing

Question 16

Photosynthesis

Answer 16

A process done by living plants in which they take in carbon dioxide and water to make sugar (food) through the sun’s energy.

Question 17

Decomposition

Answer 17

The process in which something is in the state of rotting

Question 18

Sedimentation

Answer 18

The distribution of sediment, such as, sediment settling.

Question 19

Weather

Answer 19

Weather are the atmospheric condition within an area for a SHORT period of time

Question 20

Climate

Answer 20

The usual weather patterns within an area for a LONG period of time (usually 30+ years)

Question 21

Altitude

Answer 21

Height above sea level. Altitude greatly affects temperature

Question 22

Latitude

Answer 22

The distance from the Earth’s equator. Latitude greatly affects Earth’s temperature

Question 23

Termperature

Answer 23

The measurable degree of the presence of heat. The more heat in an area, the higher the temperature.

Question 24

Thermal Expansion of Water

Answer 24

The rising of water through the sun’s heat energy. Because heat makes water molecules move faster and apart, heat energy causes sea level to rise

Question 25

Greenhouse Gases

Answer 25

They’re gases that absorb infrared radiation and contribute to the Greenhouse Gas Effect

Question 26

Fossil Fuels

Answer 26

Fossil Fuels are deeply compressed dead animals/plants. Carbon can be found in these.

Question 27

Ozone

Answer 27

Good Ozone:
Good ozone lies between the Stratosphere and Troposphere. It’s a layer of gas that protects us from the sun’s UV radiation
Bad Ozone:
Causes greenhouse gases, making the Earth warm up. Anthropogenic

Question 28

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC)

Answer 28

They’re elemental compounds that when released into the atmosphere, can break down the ozone layer. It has done this before.

Question 29

Carbon Sinks

Answer 29

Natural or man-made storage spaces for carbon, and releases carbon dioxide.
ex. fossil fuels, soil

Question 30

Carbon Footprint

Answer 30

The amount of carbon an individual emits

Question 31

Greenhouse Gas Effect

Answer 31

When the sun’s heat energy is trapped within the Earth’s atmosphere as a way of keeping Earth nice and habitable. This however, can backfire since humans are constantly warming up the Earth through other things.

Question 32

Carbon Dioxide

Answer 32

A natural gas that comes from cellular respiration, photosynthesis, decomposition, and volcanic eruptions. It contributes to the greenhouse gas effect because when released in to the atmosphere, it stays there for 100’s of years to make the Earth nice n toasty warm. However, humans are putting more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere through industrial building, etc. This makes us have too much CO2 than the atmosphere can take, as well as too much CO2 for plants to photosynthesize, causing global warming.

Question 33

Methane (CH4)

Answer 33

Methane is a natural gas that comes from cows’ farts and poops. It is 23 times more effective in absorbing heat than CO2 is, but there is significantly less of it in the atmosphere. However, there has still been an increase to it over the years as humans have been accustomed to liking cows and burgers more.

Question 34

Nitrous Oxide (NO2)

Answer 34

Nitrous oxide is a natural gas that comes from agricultural soils and fertilizer. It is 3000 more times effective than carbon dioxide in absorbing heat but there is significantly less of it in the atmosphere.

Question 35

Effects of Climate Change

Answer 35

Rising Sea Level, Melting Ice, Droughts, Tropical Storms, Forest Fires

Question 36

Proxy Record

Answer 36

Data that is collected though inferring information based on previous information

Question 37

Feedback Loop

Answer 37

Positive Feedback Loop:
A cycle that constantly adds to itself
Negative Feedback Loop:
A cycle that constantly takes things away

Question 38

Mountain Pine Beetle

Answer 38

Mountain Pine Beetles are a 1 degree change in temperature matters. Because of the rise in temperature, these beetles no longer die off in the winter, causing more dead trees, causing less photosynthesis and more forest fires.

Question 39

Ice Core

Answer 39

Ice cores are cylindrical pieces of Antarctic ice that is collected through a drill for data on past weather patterns and climate changes. They’re collected through drills, the deeper the drill, the longer the ice core.

Question 40

Anthropogenic

Answer 40

literally means “casued by humans”

Question 41

Short term carbon sinks

Answer 41

sticks, plants, other organisms

Question 42

Long term carbon sink

Answer 42

fossil fuels, atmosphere, oceans, soil