Nursing Research 2 Flashcards
- Selecting a portion of the population (sample)
- Population (N), sample (n)
- Whole population: Census
Sampling
What is the GOAL of Sampling?
Representativeness
In Sample size,
What formula is used in Quantitative?
What is the formula?
Slovinβs formula
π=π΅/π+π΅ππ
e=margin of error
In Sample size,
- Data saturation: data repetitive (paulit-ulit na)
- donβt stop until you get enough
Qualitative
Type of Sampling:
- Non-random
- Not all have the chance to be selected
- Low representativeness
Non-probability Sampling
**Probability sampling > Non-probability sampling
Non-probability Sampling:
- most conveniently available people
- Biased, weakest, but most common
Ex: tatayo sa Starbucks maghahanap ng target people
Convenience
Non-probability Sampling:
- Referrals
Snowball
Non-probability Sampling:
- Strata (specific characteristics); non-random selection
Ex: age, year, height
Quota
Non-probability Sampling:
- Hand-picking samples
- Inclusion(include) and exclusion
(exclude) criteria
Purposive/judgmental
Type of Sampling:
- Random
- All have chance to be selected.
- High representativeness
Probability Sampling
***Probability sampling > Non-probability sampling
Probability Sampling:
- Sampling frame: list of population
Ex: draw lots
class list, attendance
Simple Random Sampling
Probability Sampling:
- Sampling interval (k); every kth
What is the formula?
Systematic Random Sampling
k=N/n
Probability Sampling:
- Strata; random
Stratified Random Sampling
Probability Sampling:
- Successive (sunod-sunod) random sampling
- Geographic locations
Cluster/ Multistage
Data Collection Methods:
- Rating scales, checklists
- Participant observation: observe people in natural environment
- Problem: Hawthorne effect
- Knowledge of being observed -> Change
in behavior - > Inaccurate results
Observation
Data Collection Methods:
- Responses to questions, most common
- Quantitative: questionnaire
- Qualitative
a) ______ interview β list of topics/questions
b) ______ interview β no previous knowledge
c) _______ (FGD) β 5 to 10 people
Self-reports
a) Semi-Structured interview
b) Unstructured interview
c) Focus group discussions (FGD)
Data Collection Methods:
- Assessment of clinical variables
a) In vivo: within humans
e.g., Blood pressure, Temp, PR, RR, O2
saturation
b) In vitro: extracted from humans
e.g., ABGs, CBC, urine
Biophysiologic measures
