Nursing Management: DIRECTING Flashcards
It is the issuing of assignments, orders, instructions that permit the worker to know what is expected of him, and the guidance and overseeing of the worker so that he can contribute effectively to the attainment of organizational objectives.
It actuates effort to accomplish goals.
Directing
Avoid giving too many directions at one time
Personalize directions
Always check to make sure directions have been followed; and
Provide feedback for actions done.
Characteristics of good direction
Elements of Directing
Delgation
Supervision
Coordination
Communication
is the process by which a manager assigns
specific tasks/duties to workers with commensurate
authority to perform the job
It is a means of allocating and decentralizing authority, imposing responsibility and accountability and assigning tasks down to the lowest possible level
Delegation
Basic Concepts of Delegation
Authority
Responsibility
Accountability
The right to decide and command
Authority
Obligation to do what is asked
Responsibility
Responsible/answerable for one’s actions
Accountability
Matters that cannot/should not be delegated:
Authority to sign one’s name
Evaluating the staff & giving corrective or disciplinary actions.
Maintaining morale or words of encouragement.
Too technical jobs
It is the process of getting the work done through others which is done properly, on time and within the budget
Supervision
Good supervision focuses on three areas of skills
Conceptual
Technical
Interpersonal
enhance knowledge through adequate information and feedback.
Conceptual
refinement of skills through in-service trainings and seminars.
Technical
develop communication skills through constant dialogues and conferences.
Interpersonal
unites personnel and service to a common objective.
Synchronization of activities with the various services and departments enhances collaborative efforts resulting in efficient, smooth, and harmonious work flow.
Coordination
coordination is usually within
the department.
Intradepartmental
Coordination between one department to another department
Interdepartmental
Coordination is from hospital to another agency
Extra-installation
Is the process whereby a message is passed from sender to receiver with the hope that the information exchange will be understood as the sender intended.
Communication
Lines of communication
higher to lower level
- Traditional type, from superior to subordinate
Downward
Lines of communication
lower level mgt. to higher
- a form of feedback from subordinate
Upward
Lines of communication
between hierarchal levels
- Lateral communication, Endorsements, rounds
Horizontal
Lines of communication
deals with info that flows from caregivers
to the patients, their families & relatives, visitors
Outward
Types of communication
Verbal communication
Written communication
Non-verbal communication
Types of Non-verbal communication
the appearance of a person gives the general impression of his personality and self concept.
Personal appearance
Types of Non-verbal communication
the intonation of the nurses’ voice should be soft and gentle. It should not be irritating to the ear.
Intonation of the voice
Types of Non-verbal communication
A friendly smile establishes immediate rapport with the client and invites trust and confidence in the nurse.
Facial Expression
Types of Non-verbal communication
The nurse’s indicate his physical wellness, his emotions, and attitude towards his clients.
Posture and gait
Types of Non-verbal communication
is a way of caring.
A gentle conveys a caring person.
A rough person indicates insensitivity to the patients and unresponsiveness to their needs.
Touch
Modes of Communication
used by Managers
Written communication- electronic mail, memo
Face to face communication- oral, direct
Non- verbal- facial expression, body language
Telephone- rapid & allows the receiver to clarify messages at the time it is given
A natural, inevitable conditions and often a pre-requisite to change.
A consequence of real or perceived differences in goals, values, ideas, attitudes, beliefs, feelings and actions.
Conflict
Two main types of conflict
occurs when two or more groups attempt the same goals and only one group can attain them.
* Conflict is resolve by determining the set of rules.
Competitive Conflict
Two main types of conflict takes place in an environment filled with fear, anger and stress.
* No mutually acceptable set of rules and the goal of each party is to eliminate the opponent.
Disruptive Conflict
Conflict Management /Conflict Resolution
focus on goals and attempts to meet the needs of both parties.
Win-win resolution
Conflict Management/Conflict Resolution
one which neither side wins, the settlement reached is unsatisfactory to both sides.
Lose-lose resolution
Conflict Management/Conflict Resolution
this strategy represses rather than settles conflict, creates situation that the loser left angry and antagonistic.
Win-lose resolution/Dominance or Suppression
Conflict Management/Conflict Resolution
conflicting parties give and take on various issues.
Negotiation
Negotiators must:
Clarify common purpose
Keeps discussion relevant
Agree on terminology
Avoid abstract principle / concentrate on facts
Look for potential trade offs
Listen…
Avoid debating tactics
Keep personal elements
Look for solutions that satisfy the other person’s real interests
