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NCM-109 > NURSING CARE OF A FAMILY EXPERIENCING A SUDDEN PREGNANCY COMPLICATION > Flashcards

NURSING CARE OF A FAMILY EXPERIENCING A SUDDEN PREGNANCY COMPLICATION Flashcards

1
Q
  • Suddenly developing pathologic condition in a patient due to an accident or disease, which requires urgent medical or surgical therapeutic intervention.
A

OBSTETRIC EMERGENCY

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2
Q

Pregnancy changes (3)

A

HYPERDYNAMIC
HYPERVOLUMIC
MATERNAL CIRCULATION

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3
Q

Cardiac output increases by____
Blood volume increases by ___

A
  • Cardiac output: increases by 50%
  • Blood volume: increases by 45%
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4
Q

commonly used to categorize severity of heart disease

A

NEW YOUR HEART ASSOCIATION CRITERIA

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5
Q
  • Left ventricle can’t move the volume of blood forward received by left atrium from the pulmonary circulation.

Blood goes back to the lung due to stenosis

A

LEFT-SIDED HEART FAILURE

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6
Q

Conditions that causes left-sided heart failure

A
  1. Mitral Stenosis
  2. Mitral Insufficiency
  3. Aortic coarctation
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7
Q

to allow fluid to settle to the bottom of the woman’s lungs and free spaces for gas exchange

A

ORTHOPNEA

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8
Q

sudden waking at night due to shortness of breath

A
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
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9
Q
  • Occurs when the output of the right ventricle is less than the blood volume received by the right atrium from the vena cava
  • Back-pressure from this results in congestion of the systemic venous circulation and decreased cardiac output to the lungs
  • Usually happens when there is left-sided heart failure
A

RIGHT-SIDED HEART FAILURE

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10
Q

Implications of right-sided heart failure (3)

A

o Distended liver & spleen
o Ascites
o Peripheral edema

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11
Q

Cardiovascular System Assessment (7)

A
  • Level of exercise
  • Presence of cough or edema
  • Comparison of baseline vital signs
  • Liver size (right-sided heart failure involvement)
  • ECG / Echocardiogram
  • Fetal size (small for gestational age) & poor response to labor (FHR decelerations)
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12
Q

This places both woman & fetus at high risk because fetal well-being can be compromised by poor placental perfusion during pregnancy

A

CHRONIC HYPERTENSION

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13
Q

Increases during pregnancy cuz of combination of stasis of blood in lower extremities from uterine pressure & hypercoagulability

A

VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLIC DISEASE

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14
Q

High Risk Pregnancy: Cardiovascular System (5)

A
  1. Left sided heart failure
  2. Right sided heart failure
  3. Chronic hypertensive vascular disease
  4. Artificial valve prosthesis
  5. Venous thromboembolic vascular disease
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15
Q

If left untreated = unovulatory & unable to conceive

A

HYPOTHYROIDISM

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16
Q

This medication supplements lack of thyroid hormone

A

LEVYTHYROXINE

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17
Q

This is characterized by:

  • If untreated = unovulatory & unable to conceive
  • If able to conceive = difficulty increasing thyroid functioning to a necessary pregnancy level
  • Spontaneous miscarriage
  • Easily fatigued & obesity
  • Dry ski (myxedema)
  • Low tolerance for cold
  • Increased incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum
A

HYPOTHYROIDISM

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18
Q

This is characterized by:

o Rapid HR
o Exopthalmos (protruding eyeballs)
o Heat intolerance
o Nervousness
o Heart palpitations
o Weight loss

A

HYPERTHYROIDISM (GRAVE’S DISEASE)

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19
Q

This drug is preferred for pregnant women in treating hyperthyroidism

A
  • Methimazole
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20
Q
  • Disorder in which pancreas can’t produce adequate insulin to regulate body glucose levels
A

DIABETES MELLITUS

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21
Q
  • Diabetes due to pregnancy
A

GESTATIONAL DIABETES (GDM)

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22
Q

Problems of diabetes in pregnancy (7)

A
  1. Birth defects
  2. Extra large baby
  3. C-section
  4. High blood pressure
  5. Preterm birth
  6. Miscarriage / still birth
  7. Low blood sugar
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23
Q

A test in which Oral 50-glucose load is ingested

A

ORAL GLUCOSE CHALLENGE TEST

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24
Q

After 1 hr, if serum glucose level is _______ = schedule for 100-g, 3-hr fasting glucose tolerance test

A

> 140 mg/dl

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25
Q

Pregnant glucose level

A

FASTING - 95
1 HR - 180
2 HRS - 155
3 HRS -140

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26
Q

HIGH-RISK PREGNANCY: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (4)

A
  1. Hypothyroidism
  2. Hyperthyroidism
  3. Diabetes mellitus
27
Q
  • Most common anemia of pregnancy
A

IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

28
Q

Anemia due to folic acid deficiency

A

FOLIC-ACID DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

29
Q

It is necessary for normal formation of RBCs in mother; prevents neural defects in fetus.

A

FOLIC ACID

30
Q

Anemia which causes enlarged RBCs

A

MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA

31
Q

Recessively inherited hemolytic anemia caused by an abnormal amino acid in the beta chain of hemoglobin

  • Majority of RBC are irregular or sickle shaped so they can’t carry as much hemoglobin as can normally shaped RBC
A

SICKLE CELL ANEMIA

32
Q

HIGH-RISK PREGNANCY: HEMATOLOGIC DISORDERS (3)

A
  1. Iron deficiency anemia
  2. Folic-acid deficiency anemia
  3. Sickle cell anemia
33
Q

During pregnancy, ureters dilate from the effect of progesterone causing stasis of urine that can lead to _____

A

UTI -Urinary tract infection

34
Q

Infection of the pelvis of the kidney

A

PYELONEPHRITIS

35
Q

HIGH RISK PREGNANCY: RENAL & URINARY DISORDERS

A
  1. UTI
  2. CHRONIC RENAL DISEASE
36
Q
  • Tends to be more sever during pregnancy bcs of estrogen stimulation that causes some degree of nasal congestion.
A

ACUTE NASOPHARYNGITIS (Common Cold)

37
Q
  • Caused by a virus, identified as Type A, B, C.
  • Spreads in epidemic form and is accompanied by high fever, extreme prostration, back pains, pains in extremities, sore, raw throat
A

INFLUENZA

38
Q
  • Bacterial / viral invasion of lung tissue by pathogens such as S. pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza, mycoplasma pneumoniae
A

PNEUMONIA

39
Q
  • Associated w/ high incidences of spontaneous miscarriage, preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction
A

SEVERE ACURE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME (SARS)

40
Q
  • Lung tissue is invaded by mycobacterium tuberculosis
A

TUBERCULOSIS

41
Q
  • Constriction of the airway associated with long-term cigarette smoking
A

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD)

42
Q
  • A disorder marked by reversible airflow obstruction, airway hyper reactivity, and airway inflammation
A

ASTHMA

43
Q

HIGH RISK PREGNANCY: RESPIRATORY DISORDERS

A
  1. Acute nasopharyngitis
  2. Influenza
  3. Pneumonia
  4. SEVERE ACURE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME (SARS)
  5. Asthma
  6. Tuberculosis
  7. COPD
44
Q

Leading Complications of Pregnancy: (5)

A

 Hemorrhage
 Thromboembolism
 Infection
 Hypertension of pregnancy
 Ectopic pregnancy

45
Q

any interruption of a pregnancy before fetus is viable.

A

ABORTION

46
Q

expelled embryo/fetus

A

ABORTUS

47
Q

Types of spontaneous miscarriage

A

 Threatened
 Inevitable
 Complete
 Incomplete
 Missed
 Septic

48
Q
  • Involuntary loss of the product of conception prior 28 wks of gestation when the fetus weighs approximately 1000gm or less
A

SPONTANEOUS MISCARRIAGE

49
Q

Miscarriage that occurs before week 16 of pregnancy

A
  • Early miscarriage
50
Q

Miscarriage that occurs occurs between weeks 16-24

A

Late miscarriage

51
Q

Miscarriage that can still be conserved / saved

  • Possibility of continuation of pregnancy on proper and timely management
A

THREATENED MISCARRIAGE

52
Q
  • This happens when the treatment of threatened miscarriage is not adequately or timely managed
  • Uterine contractions and cervical dilatation occurs and products of expulsion can’t be stopped on examination. Products may be see in vagina
A

IMMINENT (INEVITABLE) MISCARRIAGE

53
Q
  • Some part of tissue (fragment) is left within the uterus during the process of miscarriage while other parts may be expelled such as membrane or placenta
A

INCOMPLETE MISCARRIAGE

54
Q
  • Entire products of conception (fetus, membranes, placenta) are expelled spontaneously without any assistance
A

COMPLETE MISCARRIAGE

55
Q
  • Referred to as “Early pregnancy failure”
  • Fetus dies in utero but is not expelled
A

MISSED MISCARRIAGE

56
Q
  • When 3 or more miscarriage occur spontaneously
A

RECURRENT PREGNANCY LOSS

57
Q

Complications of miscarriage

A
  1. Hemorrhage
  2. Infection
  3. Septic abortion
  4. Isoimmunization
  5. Powerlessness or Anxiety
58
Q

A complication which is rare in complete spontaneous miscarriage

A

HEMORRHAGE

59
Q
  • Develops in women who lost appreciable amounts of blood
A

INFECTION

60
Q

Danger signs of infection

A

o Fever
o Abdominal pain / tenderness
o Foul vaginal discharge

61
Q
  • Abortion that is complicated by infection
A

SEPTIC ABORTION

62
Q
  • If fetus is Rh(+) and woman is Rh(-), Rh(+) blood enters maternal circulation and cause ______
A

ISOIMMUNIZATION

63
Q
  • Sadness and grief over the loss or a feeling that a woman has lost control of her life
A

POWERLESSNESS OR ANXIETY

NCM-109 (9 decks)

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