Nurs 605 Module 3 Flashcards
What is impetigo?
skin infection caused by staph aureus
usually persisting skin infection that worsens
What are the clinical manifestations of impetigo?
manifested by honey coloured, crusted lesions, can be bullous or non bullous
What is the first line treatment for impetigo?
Mupirocin 2% apply to affected areas TID x 7 days
Fucidin 2% apply to affected areas TID-QID x 7 days
What is the second line treatment for impetigo?
no reaction to topical agents
cloxacillin 500mg PO QID x 7 days
cephalexin 500mg PO QID x 7 days
Your patient presents with impetigo and has a beta lactam allergy. Topical treatments have not worked; what would be your choice of systemic antibiotic?
Erythromycin 500mg QID x 7 days or
Clindamycin 300mg TID PO x 7 days
What is folliculitis?
inflammation of the hair follicle
What are the clinical manifestations of folliculitis?
redness, tenderness to the hair follicle, can progress to a furuncle (large boil)
What is the first line treatment for folliculitis?
hot compresses and antiseptic cleanser/antibacterial ointment
What is the second line treatment for folliculitis?
if no success with compresses
Mupirocin 2% apply topically TID x 7 days or
Fucidin 2% apply topically TID x 7 days
What is the treatment for herpes simplex?
valcyclovir 1000mg PO BID x 7-10 days or acyclovir 400mg PO TID x 7-10 days
What is the treatment for herpes zoster?
valcyclovir 1000mg PO BOD x 7-10 days
acyclovir 400mg PO TID x 7-10 days
Describe the patho of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)
dementia without a neurological atencedant event such as stroke or brain trauma loss of localized neurons to the hippocampus and frontal cortex=loss of memory amyloid plaques (excess protein deposits) and neurofibillary tangles (phospholated form of proteins) are noted to the AD brain
What are the pharmacological options for Alzheimer’s disease and how do they work? What are the adverse effects?
anticholinesterase inhibtors and NDMA antagonists work to restore cholinergic functions
there is no neurodegerative aspects of these medications
memantine, tacrine, galantamine, donepezil are all meds of these classes
adverse effects: cholinergic effects; nausea, diarrhea, dry mouth abdominal pain, hepatotoxicity
Describe the patho of Parkinson’s disease (PD)
progressive neurological changes that primarily concern dopamine neurotransmitter
dopamine basal ganglia undergo changes that cause misfiring of muscarinic receptors
manifestations of PD including bradykinesia (loss of control of voluntary movement), PD gait, tremors, and muscle rigidity or stiffness
What are the pharmaceutical options of PD? How do they work? What are the adverse side effects
levodopa is the primary PD medication, used in conjuction with a decarboxylased inhibitor
works to decrease the deficiency of dopamine and block the firing of muscarinic receptors
adverse effects: long term- rapid fluctuating clinical states, dyskinesia -involuntary movements
acute side effects: nausea/anorexia; postural hypotension; changes in mental states ie) hallucinations
