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Nurs 108 Meds Flashcards

1
Q

Prednisone trade name

A

Deltasone

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2
Q

Sertraline trade name

A

zoloft

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3
Q

Tamsulosin trade name

A

Flomax

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4
Q

Pravastatin trade name

A

Pravachol

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5
Q

Tramadol trade name

A

Ultram

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6
Q

Montelukast trade name

A

Singulair

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7
Q

Escitalopram trade name

A

Lexapro

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8
Q

Carvedilol trade name

A

Coreg

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9
Q

Aprazolam trade name

A

Xanax

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10
Q

Warfarin trade name

A

Coumadin

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11
Q

Meloxican trade name

A

Mobic

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12
Q

Prednisone

A

Corticosteroid and anti-inflammatory drug
Adverse effects = Cushing syndrome

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13
Q

Sertraline

A

Antidepressant
Monitor for worsening or depression or suicidality
Adverse effects = abnormal ejaculation, reduced libido, GI, Neurologic, SJS, anaphylaxis, rhabdomyloysis

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14
Q

tamsulosin

A

adrenergic blocker, urinary retention medication often prescribed for benign prostatic hyperplasia
Adverse effects are infectious disease, abnormal ejaculation, rhinitis
=Flomax

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15
Q

Fluticasone

A

adrenal glucocorticoid
it’s an intranasal corticosteroid, used to decrease local inflammation of the nasal passages - thus reducing nasal stuffiness.
Adverse effects = nose bleeds, cough, throat pain

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16
Q

pravastatin

A

antihyperlipidemic and cardiovascular agent.
It’s for patients who require high intensity statin therapy and prophylaxis for cardiac transplant rejection.
Adverse effects = rash, diarrhea, diabetes, pancreatitis, liver failure

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17
Q

tramadol

A

analgesic (opioid)
adverse effects = flushing, constipation, dizziness, MI, pancreatitis, seizure, difficulty breathing.

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18
Q

Montelukast

A

anti-asthma / anti-inflammatory
leukotriene modifier used to reduce the inflammatory component of asthma
used for prophylaxis of persistent, chronic asthma, exercise-induced bronchospasm, and allergic rhinitis.
Monitor vital signs; don’t take for an acute asthma attack.

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19
Q

escitalopram

A

anti-anxiety/anti-depressant
Contraindicated with MAOIs.
Avoid abrupt discontinuation; taper dose gradually.

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20
Q

carvedilol

A

adrenergic blocker; used for heart failure and hypertension; impaired left ventricular function, MI
Adverse effects = hypotension, bradyarrythmia, abnormal weight gain, erectile dysfunction, fatigue

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21
Q

Alprazolam

A

anti-anxiety, benzodiazepine
used for generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder
black box: abuse, misuse, addiction, sedation

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22
Q

warfarin

A

anticoagulant / vitamin K agonist
used to prevent stroke, MI, DVT, and pulmonary embolism in surgeries.
can cause major/fatal bleeding and regular monitoring of INR is required.

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23
Q

Meloxican

A

analgesic / anti-rheumatic
use the lowest dost for the shortest duration possible to reduce risk of serious side effects.
NSAIDs can increase risk of serious cardiovascular thrombotic events.

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24
Q

clopidogrel (Plavix)

A

antiplatelet drug and ADP-induced aggregation inhibitor
Tablets should not be crushed or split.
discontinue drug at least 5 days prior to surgery
Dependent on the CY P450 enzymes; poor metabolizers (Asians) will exhibit less therapeutic effect and more adverse cardiovascular events.

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25
amoxicillin (Augmentin XR)
antibiotic; penicillin Patients with allergy to penicillin should not be given amoxicillin. Risk of anaphylactic shock
26
allopurinol (Zyloprim)
anti-gout / GI agent adverse effects = SJS, hypersensitivity reaction, renal failure
27
bupropion (wellbutrin)
aminoketone, antidepressant Contraindicated with MAOIs Antidepressants increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults.
28
Lisinopril / HCTZ
= zestoretic ACE inhibitor / antihypertensive used for acute MI, diabetic nephropathy, erythrocytosis, heart failure, HTN, prophylactic for migraines. Discontinue as soon as pregnancy is detected b/c drugs that act directly on the RAAS can cause injury and death to the developing fetus.
29
citalopram (celexa)
antidepressant discontinue MAOIs. Used for major depressive disorder, OCD Monitor for increased suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
30
Losartan (cozaar)
Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist / Cardiovascular Agent Used to treat diabetes and HTN. discontinue losartan with pregnancy. can cause hypertension, nasal congestion, URI
31
Atenolol (Tenormin)
Adrenergic Blocker Used for acute MI, cardiac dysrhythmia do not stop abruptly, as this can cause exacerbation of angina pectoris and sometimes MI / ventricular arrythmias.
32
cialis (tadalafil)
antihypertensive / Cardiovascular agent Used for benign prostatic hyperplasia and erectile dysfunction Adverse effects: SJS, decreased hearing, headache, optic neuropathy
33
Duloxetine (cymbalta)
anti-anxiety / anti-depressant. Contraindicated with MAOIs. Avoid abrupt discontinuation. Can also be prescribed for fibromyalgia. Screen patients for a history of bipolar disorder, mania, or hypomania. Can cause increased suicidal thoughts.
34
Fluoxetine (prozac)
Anti-depressant Don't use with MAOIs Clinical effect may not be evident for several weeks. Can be prescribed for body dysmorphic disorder, bulimia nervosa, major depressive disorder, OCD Can increase the risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults with major depressive disorder.
35
Fenofibrate (tricor)
antihyperlipidemic Place patient on an appropriate lipid-lowering diet before receiving fenifibrate and continue this diet during treatment. Used for hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia adjunct to diet May cause GI pain, backache, rhinitis, pancreatitis, liver injury
36
Crestor
= Rosuvastatin Calcium Anti-hyperlipidemic / Cardiovascular agent Look for signs/symptoms of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy Monitor liver function
37
Venlafaxine
=effexor Antidepressant Discontinue MAOIs antidepressants increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior in pediatric and young adult patients. Not approved for use in pediatric patients.
38
Amphetamine / Dextroamphetamine
=Adderall Amphetamine / CNS agent For use in ADHD, Narcolepsy High potential for abuse and dependence. Misuse may cause sudden death and serious cardiovascular adverse reactions.
39
cyclobenzaprine
= Flexeril Musculoskeletal agent / Skeletal Muscle Relaxant Used for fibromyalgia and skeletal muscle spasm. Monitor for reduction in pain and muscle spasms, passive limb movement
40
Trazodone
= Oleptro antidepressant / CNS agent Used for insomnia and major depressive disorder avoid abrupt discontinuation, do not use with MAOIs increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children.
41
Methylprednisolone
=Medrol Adrenal Glucocorticoid / Corticosteroid Used for allergic conditions, asthma, breast cancer, collagen disease, crohn's disease Monitor BP, electrolyte panel, blood glucose, mental status, signs and symptoms of infection, ophthalmic exams recommended.
42
Potassium Chloride
= Klor-Con Nutriceutical / Nutritive Agent Used for hypokalemia and prophylaxis for hypokalemia Monitor serum electrolyte concentrations, acid-base balance, signs of extravasation at IV site.
43
Atorvastatin Calcium
Lipitor antihyperlipidemic / Cardiovascular Agent Nursing Implications = monitor the lipid panel 2-4 weeks after initiation of atorvastatin and 2-4 weeks after dosage adjustment. Monitor liver function. Monitor serum creatine kinase. Look for signs and symptoms of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy. Adverse Side Effects =GI distress, UTI, nasopharyngitis. Serious adverse effects include dermatomyositis, diabetes mellitus, liver failure
44
Levothyroxine
Synthroid Diagnostic Agent, Thyroid Function Nursing Implications = monitor for hypothyroidism; worsening glycemic control, signs and symptoms of cardiac overload. Adverse Side Effects = palpitations, alopecia, sweating, weight loss, diarrhea, insomnia, anxiety, fatigue. Serious side effects could be tachycardia, MI, HF, hyperthyroidism, dyspnea.
45
Lisinopril
Prinivil Ace Inhibitor Nursing Implications = monitor for hypertension, renal function, orthostatic hypotension Adverse Side Effects = chest pain, hypotension, dizziness, headache, cough. Serious is hypotension, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, hyperkalemia
46
Omeprazole
Prisolec Gastric Acid Secretion Inhibitor Nursing Implications = eradication of helicobacter pylori and healing of duodenal ulcer is indicative of efficacy; Adverse Side Effects = rash, GI distress, upper respiratory infection
47
Metformin
Glucophage Antidiabetic Nursing Implications = monitor blood glucose and HbA1c Adverse Side Effects = GI distress, cobalamin deficiency
48
Amlodipine
Norvasc Anti-anginal / Anti-hypertensive Nursing Implications = monitor vital signs, BP particularly in pregnant women; look for hypertension. Adverse Side Effects = edema, GI distress, somnolence, fatigue
49
Simvastatin
Zocor Anti-hyperlipidemic Nursing Implications = monitor the lipid panel, liver function, creatine kinase, myopathy Adverse Side Effects = GI distress, headache, upper respiratory infection, increased glucose levels, cholestatic hepatitis, kidney injury
50
Hydrocodone / Acetaminophen
Lortab Analgesic Combination/ Opioid Nursing Implications = whether there’s a need for an opioid analgesic, liver function tests, signs of confusion and over-sedation, risk for addiction, signs and symptoms of respiratory depression or over-sedation, sever hypotension Adverse Side Effects = GI, dizziness, lightheadedness, sedated, potential for Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, hepatotoxicity / liver failure, respiratory depression.
51
Metropolol ER
Toprol XL Adrenergic Blocker (Beta Blocker) Nursing Implications = monitor HF symptoms for efficacy (reduction in BP = efficacy), HR and vital signs Adverse Side Effects = bradyarrythmia, hypotension, rash, dizziness, depression, dyspnea
52
Metropolol
Lopressor Adrenergic Blocker (Beta Blocker) Nursing Implications = monitor HF symptoms for efficacy (reduction in BP = efficacy), HR and vital signs Adverse Side Effects = bradyarrythmia, hypotension, rash, dizziness, depression, dyspnea
53
Losartan
Cozaar Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist Nursing Implications = monitor for hypertension, electrolytes, and renal function. Adverse Side Effects = when pregnancy is indicated, discontinue losartan as soon as possible. Drugs that act directly on the RAAS can cause injury or death to the developing fetus.
54
Azithromycin
Zithromax Antiobiotic Nursing Implications = monitor CBC, fever, hepatic function Adverse Side Effects = GI distress, increased liver enzymes, headache, abnormal vision, hepatotoxicity
55
Zolpidem
Ambien Hypnotic Nursing Implications = lactating women should not take this drug. It’s for short term insomnia management only. Adverse Side Effects = allergic reaction, visual disturbance, dizziness, drugged state, headache, somnolence
56
Hydrochlorothiazide
Microzide Cardiovascular Agent / Diuretic Nursing Implications = edema, BP and vital signs, serum electrolytes, medication adherence. Adverse Side Effects= hypotension, phototoxicity, vertigo, cardiac dysrhythmia
57
Furosemide
Lasix Loop type diuretic Nursing Implications = hypokalemia is a danger, so check K+ levels. Also note that the drugs are ototoxic Adverse Side Effects = hypokalemia, ototoxic effects
58
Pantoprazol
Protonix Gastric Acid Secretion Inhibitor / GI Agent Nursing Implications = used to decrease symptoms of GERD; monitor serum magnesium and calcium Adverse Side Effects = GI pain, headache, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis
59
Gabapentin
Neurontin anti-convulsant / CNS Agent Nursing Implications = for post-herpetic neuralgia Adverse Side Effects = emergence or worsening of the signs and symptoms of depression, suicidal thoughts or behavior, symptoms of respiratory depression and sedation
60
Amoxicillin
Amoxil Antibiotic / anti-infective Agent Nursing Implications = use CBC to monitor therapeutic response; consider renal function in geriatric patients Adverse Side Effects = rash, GI distress, headache, shock, Steens-Johnson syndroms, Toxic epidermal necrolysis, anaphylaxis

Pharmacology (3 decks)

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