Nuremberg Code

Question 1

What is the Nuremberg Code?

Answer 1

A set of 10 ethical principals for human experimentation

Question 2

When was the Nuremberg Code developed?

Answer 2

1947

Question 3

How did the Nuremberg Code come to be?

Answer 3

The Nuremberg Code came about as a result of the post World War II trials involving physicians and scientists accused of murder and torture while conducting biomedical experiments on concentration camp prisoners.

Question 4

Principle 1: The _________ ________ of the human subject is absolutely essential.

Answer 4

Voluntary consent

Question 5

Principle 2: The experiment should be such as to yield fruitful results for the ______ ___ _________, ___________ by other methods of study, and not random and unnecessary in nature.

Answer 5

Good of society

Unprocurable

Question 6

Principle 3: The experiment should be so designed and based on the results of __________ experimentation and a knowledge of the natural history of the disease or other problems under study that the anticipated ________ will _________ the performance of the experiment.

Answer 6

Animal

Results

Justify

Question 7

Principle 4: The experiment should be so conducted as to avoid all unnecessary _________, and __________ suffering, and ________.

Answer 7

Physical

Mental

Injury

Question 8

Principle 5: No experiment should be conducted where there is an a priori reason to believe that _______ or __________ _______ will occur; except perhaps, in those experiments where the experimental ________ also serve as subjects.

Answer 8

Death

Disabling Injury

Physicians

Question 9

Principle 6: The degree of ________ to be taken should never exceed that determined by the humanitarian importance of the problem to be solved by the experiment.

Answer 9

Risk

Question 10

Principle 7: Proper preparations should be made and adequate facilities provided to _____________ the experimental subject against even remote possibilities of ___________, __________, or _________.

Answer 10

Protect

Injury, disability, or death

Question 11

Principle 8: The experiment should be conducted only by ________________ _____________ persons. The highest degree of skill and care should be required through all stages of the experiment of those who conduct or engage in the experiment.

Answer 11

Scientifically qualified

Question 12

Principle 9: During the course of the experiment the human subject should be at liberty to bring the experiment to ___ ______ if he has reached the physical or mental state where _____________ of the experiment seems to him to be impossible.

Answer 12

An end

Continuation

Question 13

Principle 10: During the course the experiment the scientist in charge must be prepared to __________ the experiment at any stage, if he has probable cause to believe….. that a ____________ of the experiment is likely to result in injury, disability, or death to the experimental subject.

Answer 13

Terminate

Continuation