Belmont Report

Question 1

What is the Belmont Report?

Answer 1

Ethical principles and guidelines for biomedical or behavioral research involving human subjects.

Question 2

Who created the Belmont Report?

Answer 2

The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Question 3

When was the Belmont Report created?

Answer 3

April 18, 1979

Question 4

The Belmont Report distinguishes boundaries between ________ and _______.

Answer 4

Accepted medical practice and research

Question 5

What is “Research” as defined by the Belmont Report?

Answer 5

An activity designed to test a hypothesis, permit conclusions to be drawn, and develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge.

Question 6

What are the 3 basic ethical principles of the Belmont Report?

Answer 6

1) Respect for Persons
2) Beneficence
3) Justice

Question 7

What are the 3 applications of the general principles described in the Belmont Report?

Answer 7

1) Informed Consent
2) Assessment of Risks and Benefits
3) Selection of Subjects

Question 8

Informed Consent bears a close relation to which basic ethical principle?

Answer 8

Respect for Persons

Question 9

Assessment of Risks and Benefits bears a close relation to which basic ethical principle?

Answer 9

Beneficence

Question 10

Selection of Subjects bears a close relation to which basic ethical principle?

Answer 10

Justice

Question 11

What are the two ethical convictions incorporated in to the principle of respect for persons?

Answer 11

1) Individuals should be treated as autonomous agents
2) Protect persons with diminished autonomy (i.e. immature or incapacitated)

Question 12

What are the two general rules that are complementary expressions of beneficent actions?

Answer 12

1) Do not harm
2) Maximize possible benefits and minimize possible harms

Question 13

Beneficence requires we protect against risk of _______ to subjects, while also being concerned about the loss of substantial _______ to be gained from research.

Answer 13

Harm

Benefits

Question 14

Justice considers the fair distribution of ______ and _______.

Answer 14

Burdens and benefits

Question 15

What are 5 just ways to distribute burdens and benefits?

Answer 15

1) To each person an EQUAL share
2) To each person according to individual NEED
3) To each person according to individual EFFORT
4) To each person according to SOCIETAL CONTIRBUTION
5) To each person according to MERIT

Question 16

What are the three elements of the informed consent process as listed in the Belmont Report?

Answer 16

1) Information
2) Comprehension
3) Voluntariness

Question 17

Voluntariness requires consent to be given free from _______ or_______ _______.

Answer 17

Coercion

Undue Influence

Question 18

When assessing risks and benefits, what kinds of harm should be considered?

Answer 18

Psychological, physical, legal, social, economic, etc.