Nucleotides Flashcards
1
Q
What are the two basic components of nucleotides and nucleosides?
A
- Pentos sugar
- Nitrogenous base
2
Q
What is the difference between a nucleotide and a nucleoside?
A
- A phosphate group
- No phosphate = nucleoside
- Phosphate = nucleotide
3
Q
Name the pyrimidines?
A
- Cytosine
- Thymine
- Uracil
4
Q
Name the purines?
A
- Adenine
- Guanine
5
Q
What are purines and pyrimidines used to form?
A
The nitrogenous bases of nucleic acids
6
Q
What are nucleic acids?
A
- DNA & RNA
- Large molecules made up of chains of nucleotides
7
Q
What are some of the functions of nucleic acids?
A
- Store genetic info.
- Transcription of genetic info (mRNA)
- Processing of genetic info
- Protein synthesis (tRNA —> rRNA)
8
Q
what is the difference between nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleic acids?
A
Nucleic acids are polymers that are made up of long chains of nucleotides, each nucleotide contains a nucleoside region (no phosphate group)
9
Q
What is the difference between ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides?
A
Deoxyribonucleotides
- H in 2’ position
- DNA
- A, G, T, C
Ribonucleotides
- OH in 2’ position
- RNA
- A, G, U, C
