Nucleotides Flashcards
What are nucleotides?
Building blocks of nucleic acids
Nitrogenous base + Ribose = ?
The above reaction would yield a ________________
Nucleoside
Nitrogenous base + Ribose + Phosphate group = ?
The above reaction would yield a _________________
Nucleotide
Nucleotides are made up of _______________, __________________ and ____________________
Nitrogenous base
Ribose
Phosphate group
_________________ and _______________ are nitrogenous bases that make up nucleotides
Purine
Pyrimidine
The major bases of purine are?
Adenine
Guanine
The major bases of pyrimidine are?
Cytosine
Thymine
Uracil
What is a Ribose?
A Ribose is a monosaccharide made up of 5 sugars. They help differentiate between DNA and RNA
______________ base is formed by hexagonal and pentagonal structures
Purine
Tip** Number the structure like Leo writes his letter ‘P’
___________ is formed by adding an amino group to position 6 of the Purine parent structure
Adenine
Tip** NH² is an amino group
Guanine is formed by oxidizing position ______ and adding an amino group to position ______ of the Purine parent structure
Oxidizing position 6
Amino group to position 2
Tip** NH² is an amino group
O denotes oxidization
The oxidant collects the double bond
Xanthine and Hypoxanthine are minor bases of ______________
Purine
______________ base is formed from a hexagonal structure
Pyrimidine
Tip** Number the structure like Leo writes his letter ‘f’
Cytosine structure is formed from the pyrimidine parent structure by ______________
Oxidizing position 2
Adding an amino group to position 4
Tip** NH² is an amino group
O denotes oxidization
The oxidant collects the double bond
_________________ structure is formed from oxidizing positions 2 and 4 and methylating position 5 of the pyrimidine parent structure
Thymine
