Nucleotides

Question 1

Where does phosphate’s bind

Answer 1

5 prime

Question 2

Purines

Answer 2

Base bind at N-9

2 rings

Adenine
Guanine

Without phosphate = nucleoside

Question 3

Pyrimidines

Answer 3

Base bind at N-1

One ring

Cystine
Thymine (DNA)
Uricil (RNA)

Question 4

Where do proteins bind on DNA

Answer 4

Major groove

Question 5

What will hybridise with

5’ TGGTC 3’

Answer 5

5’ GACCA 3’

Question 6

Progeny

Answer 6

One parent
One new

= semi conservative

Question 7

DNA polymerase III

Answer 7

3’ - 5’ direction

Question 8

DNA ligase

Answer 8

Joins okasaki

Question 9

DNA helicase

Answer 9

Unwinds and gives access for polymerase

Question 10

Topisomerases

Answer 10

Relive the helical stress

Question 11

Single stranded binding proteins

Answer 11

Stabilise DNA

Stop the fork coming back together

Question 12

Primase

Answer 12

DNA needs a 3’ hydroxyl to start.
Provided by RNA (meaning RNA can start by itself)
Expnuclease then cuts out and replaces the RNA section one the strand has begun.

Question 13

Difference in transcription to dna replication

Answer 13

Only one strand is template
dOES not need a PRIMER
RNA polymerase binds to PROMOTER
Only uses segments of DNA
Unwound by Helicase

Uses Mg2+ Zn+ 
ATP
GTP
CTP
UTP

Question 14

How many nucleotides code for an AA

Answer 14

3 = codon
All start with AUG

Reading frame-know because of AUG