Nucleophilic Attacks (on Carbonyls)

Question 1

why are carbonyls so susceptible to nucleophilic attacks?

Answer 1

because resonance makes their carbon/carbocation electrophilic

Question 2

what are the 3 mechanism you can use from ochem 1 to create aldehydes?

Answer 2

1. oxidation with PCC
2. ozonolysis with O3 and other things
3. hydroboration with BH3 (anti mark) followed by tautomerization

Question 3

what are the 3 mechanism you can use from ochem 1 to create ketones?

Answer 3

1. oxidation with any of the strong oxidizers
2. ozonolysis with O3 and other things
3. acid-catalyzed hydration followed by tautomerization

Question 4

what is an enol

Answer 4

a fx group where a carbon has an alkene AND an alcohol connected to it

Question 5

why do enols get tautomerized when you’re using them to make carbonyls?

Answer 5

because it’s unstable

Question 6

what are the 4 types of nucleophile attackers when dealing with carbonyls?

Answer 6

oxygen, nitrogen, nucleophilic carbos (i.e. gringyards), and hydgrogens

Question 7

how many steps are in the oxygen nucleophilic attack that makes acetals?

Answer 7

fucking 7! 😫

Question 8

how many steps are in the nitrogen nucleophilic attack that makes imines?

Answer 8

fucking 6! 😫

Question 9

how many steps are in the nitrogen nucleophilic attack that makes enamines?

Answer 9

fucking 6! 😫