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BIOL131 > Nucleic acids I > Flashcards

Nucleic acids I Flashcards

1
Q

What is a polymer?

A

A chain of repeating units (monomers) linked by covalent bonds

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2
Q

Where are polymers found?

A

Found in all plastics, as well as nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, etc

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3
Q

What is a homopolymers?

A

Polymer with only one monomer

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4
Q

What is a heteropolymer?

A

Polymers of multiple monomers

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5
Q

What is a polymer with 2 monomers called?

A

Dimer

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6
Q

What is a polymer with 3 monomers called?

A

Trimer

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7
Q

What is a short polymer of unspecified length called?

A

Ogliomers

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8
Q

What is an important example of a heteropolymer?

A

Nucleic acids are heteropolymers

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9
Q

What is DNA?

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Universal information store across all 3 domains of life

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10
Q

What is the role of DNA?

A

Information storage

Good for long term storage

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11
Q

What is true of DNA?

A

It is stable, repairable, easy to transcribe and copy

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12
Q

What is true of RNA stability?

A

Stability is variable

– rRNA is reasonably stable
– mRNA is not very stable

therefore it is suited to short length tasks

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13
Q

Why is RNA (mostly) single stranded?

A

It makes it easily accessible to the ribosome and easy to translate

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14
Q

What is the role of mRNA?

A

Information transmission

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15
Q

What is the role of tRNA?

A

Trafficking of amino acids

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16
Q

What is the role of rRNA?

A

Catalyisis of peptide-bond formation

17
Q

What are ribozymes?

A

Ribozymes are an RNA molecule

18
Q

What is a monomer of nucleic acid?

A

Nucleotides

19
Q

What are the pyrimidine bases?

A

Cytosine, thymine, uracil

20
Q

What are the purine bases?

A

Guanine, adenine

21
Q

What is a nucleoSide?

A

A base bound to a pentose (C5) sugar

22
Q

What is a nucleotide?

A

A nucleoSide bound to a phosphate group

Nucleotides are the monomers of nucleic acid

23
Q

What are the bases of RNA?

A

Cytosine, uracil, adenine, guanine

24
Q

What are the ribonucleoSides of RNA?

A

Cytidine, uridine, adenosine, guanosine

25
Q

What are the ribonucleoTides of RNA?

A

CMP, UMP, AMP, GMP

e.g. cytidine 5’-monophosphate

26
Q

What are the bases of DNA?

A

Cytosine, thymine, adenine, guanine

BIOL131 (7 decks)

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