Nucleic acids And Nucleotides

Question 1

Nucleotide

Answer 1

Monomers for dna + rna

Question 2

Nucleotide

Answer 2

Ribose
Pentode sugar
Nitrogenous base e

Question 3

DNA

Answer 3

Deoxyribose sugar

Double helix

Question 4

RNA

Answer 4

Ribose sugar

Single stranded 3 forms

Question 5

RNA 3 forms

Answer 5

Messenger RNA
Ribosomal RNA
Transfer RNA

Question 6

Phosphorylation

Answer 6

Adenine base
Ribose sugar
Phosphate group

Question 7

Phosphorylated

Answer 7

Adding a phosphate group

Question 8

Three types of phosphorylated

Answer 8

Adenosine mono phosphate amp
Adenosine diphosphate adp
Adnenosine triphosphate atp

Question 9

DeOxyribose

Answer 9

No oxygen atom see gallery for an idea

Question 10

Ribose

Answer 10

Oxygen atom below carbon 2 
Same structure 5 carbons oxygen in middle OH below 3 and above 1 and out of 5 8 hydrogen atoms 
1-1
2-2
3-2
4-1
5-2

Question 11

Phosphodiester bond

Answer 11

Bond between two nucleotides creating poly nucleotide OH group of phosphate from carbon 5 joins with H atom of carbon 3

Question 12

Hydrogen bond

Answer 12

Weak bond between nitrogenous bases

Question 13

Two H bonds

Answer 13

Between A-T A-U

Question 14

3 h bonds

Answer 14

C-G

Question 15

A

Answer 15

Adenine

Question 16

T

Answer 16

Thymine

Question 17

C

Answer 17

Cytosine

Question 18

G

Answer 18

Guanine

Question 19

U

Answer 19

Uracil

Question 20

Pyrimindes

Answer 20

Cytosine thymine uracil 
U and T have something branching of all 6 corners 
Thymine has H2C 
Cytosine has 5 points 
Small molecule 
Single ring

Question 21

Purine

Answer 21

Guanine adenine
Bigger molecules
Guanine has oxygen GO
Two rings

Question 22

DNA is Hydro….

Answer 22

Hydrophilic

Question 23

Which atoms become delta positive in bases

Answer 23

Hydrogen

Question 24

Why

Answer 24

Electrons positioned so positive nucleus is exposed

Question 25

Delta negative

Answer 25

Nitrogen oxygen

Question 26

Which atoms do h bond occur in adenine thymine/uracil

Answer 26

H-O

N-H

Question 27

Which atoms do h bonds occur in c-g

Answer 27

O-H
H-N
H-O

Question 28

DNA extraction

Answer 28

Salty extraction buffer high ph

Ethanol

Question 29

DNA replication

Answer 29

4 stages 
1 dna gyrase 
2 dna helicase 
3dna polymerase
4 dna ligase

Question 30

DNA gyrase

Answer 30

Unwinding double helix

Question 31

DNA helicase

Answer 31

Breaking of hydrogen bonds separating strand

Question 32

DNA polymerase

Answer 32

Synthesis of new strand of dna adding free nucleotides to template strand
Forming ppd bonds on leading strand

Question 33

DNA ligase

Answer 33

Forms ppd bonds between Okazaki fragments in lagging strand

Question 34

Conservative

Answer 34

1 old double helix

1 new double helix

Question 35

Semi conservative

Answer 35

Double helix with 1 new strand and 1 old strand

Question 36

Dispersive

Answer 36

Double helix containing fragments of each

Question 37

N15 is the ….

And N14 is the

Answer 37

Old strand

New strand

Question 38

DNA replication is

Answer 38

Semi conservative

Question 39

Amino acids are …. in proteins

Answer 39

Monomers

Question 40

…. are polymers

Answer 40

Polypeptide

Question 41

Basic amino acid

Answer 41

Amino group N2 Basic
Alpha carbon contains h atom and R
Carboxylic group C=OOH Acidic

Question 42

Amphoteric

Answer 42

Molecule containing acidic and basic properties

Question 43

Carboxylic group acidic

Answer 43

Realeasing H atom proton doner

Question 44

Amino group basic

Answer 44

Bonds with H atom proton acceptor

Question 45

Cysteine

Answer 45

Sulfur atom see picture

Question 46

Condensation

Answer 46

Create water molecule from 2 amino acid peptide bond between C N

Question 47

Hydrolysis

Answer 47

Adding water back to amino peptide bond removed