Nucleic Acids

Question 1

He isolated nuclein and protamine

Answer 1

Friedrich Mieschler

Question 2

This was used in order to isolate nuclein and protamine

Answer 2

Salmon Sperm

Question 3

These people showed that DNA from pathogenic strains of bacterium could be transferred into non pathogenic strains, making them pathogenic.

Answer 3

Oswals avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty

Question 4

This bacteria could be transferred into nonpathogenic strains, making it pathogenic.

Answer 4

Pneumococcus

Question 5

They proved that DNA is the genetic material of T2 bacteriophage

Answer 5

Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase

Question 6

What was a candidate for being thhe genetic material of T2 bacteriophage but was later proven to not be.

Answer 6

Protein

Question 7

They proposed the model of the double helix of the DNA

Answer 7

James watson and Francis Crick

Question 8

When did they propose the model of the double helix of DNA?

Answer 8

1953

Question 9

These are biomolecules that store information for cellular growth and reproduction

Answer 9

Nucleic Acids

Question 10

What are the different types of nucleic acids?

Answer 10

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Ribonucleic Acid

Question 11

These are polymers consisting of longchains of monomers

Answer 11

Nucleotides

Question 12

What is a nucleotide made of?

Answer 12

Nitrogen Heterocyclic Base

Pentose Sugar

Phosphate Residue

Question 13

What are the properties of nucelotide bases?

Answer 13

Aromatic

Strongly absorbs UV light

Exhibits keto-enol tautomerism

Question 14

This is a pentose sugar and nucleotide base linked by a N-glycosidic bond

Answer 14

Nucleoside

Question 15

This is a nucleoside with an ester bond to the 3’- or 5’- position of the pentose

Answer 15

Nucleotide

Question 16

How is the base sequence read?

Answer 16

5’ end to 3’ end

Question 17

What are the complimentary base pairs?

Answer 17

A-T

G-C

Question 18

What are the three major forces that contribute to the stability of helix formation

Answer 18

H-bonding in base pairing

Hydrophobic interactions in base stacking

Dipole-dipole interactions

Question 19

This is the form of DNA wherein the molecules are at low humidity

Answer 19

A-DNA

Question 20

This is the form of DNA that is a left handed double helix

Answer 20

Z-DNA

Question 21

This is the further coiling and twisting of the DNA helix

Answer 21

Supercoiling

Question 22

This is the capable of cutting and rejoining the DNA ends to produce supercoils

Answer 22

Topoisomerase

Question 23

These are DNA molecules wound around particles of histones ina beadlike structure

Answer 23

Chromatin

Question 24

This is a protein rich in basic aa Lys and Arg; found associated with eukaryotic DNA

Answer 24

Histone

Question 25

This is what happens when the DNA duplex is subjected to conditions of pH; temperature or ionic strength that disrupt H-bonds; the strands are then readily separated.

Answer 25

Denaturation of DNA

Question 26

This is a measure of the base composition of DNA

Answer 26

Melting temperature

Question 27

This is the level or distance, as strands separate, that absorbance increases

Answer 27

260 nm

Question 28

This is small and transports amino acids to site of protein synthesis

Answer 28

Transfer RNA

Question 29

This combines with proteins to form ribosomes, the site of protein synthesis

Answer 29

Ribosomal RNA

Question 30

This directs amino acid sequence of proteins

Answer 30

Messenger RNA

Question 31

This processes intial mRNA to its mature form in eukaryotes

Answer 31

Small nuclear RNA

Question 32

This affects gene expression: used by scientists to knock out a gene being studied

Answer 32

Small interfering RNA

Question 33

This affects gene expression; important in growth and development

Answer 33

Micro RNA