Nucleic Acids Flashcards
2’ C position
RNA has an OH, but DNA has only -H
U =
T =
RNA
DNA
A gene is made of this macromolecule:
DNA
Chromatin is made of these macromolecules:
DNA and proteins
The two strands of DNA that make up a double helix are held together by:
hydrogen bonds between purine and pyrimidine bases
A single strand of DNA is a polymer whose subunits are connected by:
Phosphodiester bonds
Uracil pairs with:
Adenine
The following are true regarding the structure of DNA and RNA:
- The bases found in RNA are not all the same as in DNA
- the sugars differ slightly between RNA and DNA
- DNA and RNA are both synthesized from 5’ to 3’
What does it mean when we say that DNA strands in a double helix are antiparallel?
Each strand has 5’ to 3’ polarity, but in opposite directions
Which class of macromolecule is capable of catalyzing chemical reactions?
Both proteins and RNAs
What does the primase enzyme do?
Synthesizes a short section of RNA complementary to a single-stranded DNA template
The enzyme helicase:
Unwinds DNA strands from one another during DNA replication
Coding strand to:
RNA sequence (T to U)
Transcription
The copying of DNA to RNA
In a eukaryotic cell, a primary RNA transcript may contain may contain all of the following the info to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide
- A 5’ untranslated region
- A start codon
- A splice site