Nucleic acids Flashcards
What are the physiological roles of nucleotides and nucleic acids?
Nucleotides:
-Energy currency (ATP)
-Signaling molecules (cAMP)
-Enzyme co-factors (NAD, FAD)
-Building blocks of nucleic acids
Nucleic acids:
-Genetic information (DNA, RNA)
-All stages of protein synthesis (DNA, mRNA, tRNA, rRNA)
What are the nitrogenous bases of nucleotides?
What are the structural features of nucleotides?
-Building blocks of nucleic acids
-All share 3 components:
-Ribose sugar (ribose or deoxyribose)
-Nitrogenous base (purine or pyrimidine)
-Phosphate(s)
Describe the bond linkages of nitrogenous bases
What is the difference between nucleotides and nucleosides?
Describe Energy transfer and signal transduction
Explain how phosphodiester bonds link nucleotides
What is sequence information within nucleic acids?
What is the structure of Ribonucleic Acids (RNA)
What is the function of Ribonucleic Acids (RNA)?
Describe the basics of the double helix
Describe base pairing in the double helix
What forces stabilize the double helix?
What are major and minor grooves in DNA?
What are restriction endonucleases?
Describe complementary strands in duplex DNA
Explain denaturation of DNA
Describe the synthesis of nucleic acids
What is polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Describe the packagin of eukaryotic DNA
Describe the basics of genetic information
Describe bacterial genomes
Describe eukaryotic genomes
Explain the complexity of the eukaryotic genome
What is epigenetics?
