Nucleic Acids Flashcards
What is the flow of genetic information?
- DNA replication and repair
- Transcription (RNA)
- Translation (Protein)
- Protein Folding (Function)
Who did the experiments that led to the discovery of the structure of DNA?
Rosalind Franklin
What are nucleotides?
Building blocks of nucleic acids. Can be used for energy, signaling, and coenzymes.
What are the 6 nucleobases?
Purine, Adenine, Guanine, Pyrimidine, Cytosine, Uracil, Thymine
Which nucleobases are purines?
Purine, Adenine, and Guanine
Which nucleobases are pyrimidines?
Pyrimidine, Cytosin, Uracil, and Thymine
What is a nucleoside?
Nucleobase covalently linked to the C1’ of a pentose (5-carbon sugar)
What is the bond of a nucleoside called?
Glycosidic bond
What are nucleotides?
Phosphate esters of nucleosides
Is DNA a right or left handed helix?
Right
How many bonds does G form with C and A form with T?
3 hydrogen bonds between G and C and 2 hydrogen bonds between A and T
What are the helix diameter, rise, and pitch?
20 A
3.4 A (distance down per basepair)
34 A (distance down per 360 degree turn)
How many basepairs are there per helical turn?
10
What is the A-form adopted by?
Complementary RNA sequences
What is the Z-form adopted by?
Left handed double helix with zig-zag backbone