Nucleic Acids Flashcards
Nucleic acids are polymers of _____
Nucleotides
What is a nucleic acid composed of?
1 pentose sugar, 1-3 phosphate groups, and 1 nitrogenous base
What is a one carbon ring structure called?
Pyrimidines
What are the 3 types of pyrimidines?
Cytosine, Thymine, and Uracil
What is a two carbon ring structure called?
Purines
What are the 2 types of purines?
Adenine and Guanine
Nucleotides have ____ functions
3
What is the intracellular messenger associated with nucleotides called?
cAMP
What nitrogen containing bases are found in DNA?
A, C, G, T
Adenine binds with ____ in DNA
Thymine
Thymine binds with ____ in DNA
Adenine
Cytosine binds with _____ in DNA
Guanine
Guanine binds with ____ in DNA
Cytosine
What encodes the sequence of amino acids in proteins?
Genes
What nitrogen containing bases are in RNA?
A, C, G, U
How many types of RNA are there?
4
What are the four types of RNA?
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, snRNA
mRNA is also called
messenger RNA
rRNA is also called
ribosomal RNA
tRNA is also called
transfer RNA
SnRNA is also called
small nuclear RNA
Adenine pairs with ____ in RNA
Uracil
Uracil pairs with _____ in RNA
Adenine
Cytosine pairs with ____ in RNA
Guanine
Guanine pairs with _____ in RNA
Cytosine
The conversion of DNA to RNA is called
transcription
The conversion of RNA to protein is called
translation
Only ____ can be translated to a protein
mRNA
