Nucleic Acid Flashcards
What are the two main types of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
True or False: DNA is a single-stranded molecule.
False
Fill in the blank: The building blocks of nucleic acids are called _______.
nucleotides
What sugar is found in DNA?
Deoxyribose
What sugar is found in RNA?
Ribose
Which nitrogenous bases are found in DNA?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
Which nitrogenous bases are found in RNA?
Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine
What type of bond connects nucleotides in a nucleic acid strand?
Phosphodiester bond
True or False: RNA is more stable than DNA.
False
What is the primary function of DNA?
To store and transmit genetic information
What is the primary function of RNA?
To assist in protein synthesis
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a type of RNA? A) mRNA B) tRNA C) rRNA D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What is the structure of DNA described as?
Double helix
What process involves the copying of DNA?
DNA replication
Fill in the blank: The process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template is called _______.
transcription
What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?
To facilitate the translation of mRNA into a polypeptide chain
True or False: Nucleic acids can act as enzymes.
True
What is the term for the sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a protein?
Gene
Multiple Choice: Which type of RNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome? A) mRNA B) tRNA C) rRNA
A) mRNA
What is the complementary base pair for Adenine in DNA?
Thymine
What is the complementary base pair for Cytosine in RNA?
Guanine
Fill in the blank: The process by which a protein is synthesized from an mRNA template is called _______.
translation
True or False: RNA can have a double-stranded form.
True
What are the three main types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
What is the name of the enzyme that synthesizes RNA during transcription?
RNA polymerase
Multiple Choice: Which type of RNA brings amino acids to the ribosome? A) mRNA B) tRNA C) rRNA
B) tRNA
What is the role of the promoter in gene expression?
To initiate transcription of a gene
