Nuclear Med and PET Flashcards
Each atom consists of which 3 basic components
electrons, neutrons, protons
Electrons are _ in radiography
manipulated
Most atoms are
stable
_ determine characteristics of an element
Protons
Having excess neutrons may make isotopes _
radioactive
Atoms in abnormally excited state characterized by unstable nucleus
radioactivity
Radioactive disintegration or radioactive decay
to reach stability, radioactive atoms will emit particles and energy to transform themselves into other atoms
Scintigraphy
a technique in which a scintillation counter or similar detector is used with a radioactive tracer to obtain an image of a bodily organ or a record of its functioning
iodine-131 and technetium-99m treats
hyperthyroidism in cats
The amount of radioisotope used for each exam is measured in
millicurie (mCi)
Indications for imaging w/ nuclear medicine
sublte, severe, or multifocal lameness in horses, monitoring healing process of fractures, repurchase exams
True/False: horses must be anesthetized for nuclear scanning
false
Certain areas in young horses like growth plates should be
highly active
Nuclear med studies are often used to demonstrate
subchondral joint disease
_ is essential in using nuclear med to dx
comparison
Horses are typically kept in iso stall for _ hours
48
what must be posted outside of the stall
signage indicating radioactivity including perimeter barriers
Once the horse is injected with the isotope, its body and its waste products are
radioactive
Radioactive waste products must be retained in
a lead line container in the designated area for 48 hours and staff must be wearing PPE
When should the scan room and camera be scanned with a survey dosimeter
before each exam to ensure no contamination
PET scans use the injection of a _ that emits gamma rays with a scanning unit that consists of a series of scintillating sensors
radioisotope
The most common isotope is _ and its used for mapping of both brain function and malignant tumors
fludeoxyglucose
_ isotopes are commonly used for heart imaging
Ammonia
Slice data collected from pet scanners tend to be high in
resolution- much more accurate than a similar nuclear medicine scan
PET/CT studies start with the injection of the isotope about _ minutes before moving the patient onto the scanner
45
The PET study can take - minutes depending on the anatomy being scanned
20-40
What is the best modality to show soft tissues
MRI
_ _ machines are able to provide both MRI and PET scans in the same examination
Modern Hybrid
