Nuclear Chemistry Vocab Flashcards
What is Band of Stability?
A stable nuclei cluster over a range of neutron-proton ratios.
What is Alpha Particles?
Two protons and two neutrons bound together and is emitted from the nucleus during some kinds of radioactive decay.
An electron emitted from the nucleus during some kinds of radioactive decay?
Beta Particle
The binding energy of the nucleus divided by the number of nucleons it contains.
Binding energy per Nucleon
A reaction in which the material that starts the reaction is also one of the products and can start another reaction
Chain Reaction
Critical mass?
The minimum amount of nuclide that provides the number of neutrons needed to sustain a chain reaction.
Decay series?
A series of radioactive nuclides produced by successive radioactive decay until a stable nuclide is reached.
An inner orbital electron is captured by the nucleus of its own atom.
Electron Capture
Film badges?
Use exposure of film to measure the approximate radiation exposure of people working with radiation.
Gamma Rays?
High-energy electromagnetic waves emitted from a nucleus as it changes from an excited state to a ground energy state.
Instruments that detect radiation by counting electric pulses carried by gas ionized by radiation.
Geiger-Müller Counters
The time required for half the atoms of a radioactive nuclide to decay.
Half Life
Nuclear Fisson?
The process by which the nucleus of a heavy atom splits into two or more fragments; the process releases neutrons and energy.
Nuclear Fusion?
The combining of light-mass nuclei to form a heavier, more stable nucleus.
Nuclear power plants?
Use energy as heat from nuclear reactors to produce electrical energy.
