Nuclear Chemistry

Question 1

Mass defect

Answer 1

Difference in mass of particles in atom and atom itself

Question 2

Speed of light

Answer 2

3.00 x 10^8 m/s

Question 3

Binding energy

Answer 3

Energy that holds the nucleus together

Question 4

Radioactivity

Answer 4

A nucleus that decomposes forming another nucleus and one or more particles

Question 5

1:1 proton to neutron ratio

Answer 5

Light atoms

Question 6

1: 1.5 proton to neutron ration

Answer 6

Heavier atoms, more mass is more binding energy

Question 7

Above band of stability

Answer 7

Too many neutrons

Question 8

Below band of stability

Answer 8

Too many protons

Question 9

To the right of the band of stability

Answer 9

Too many protons and neutrons

Question 10

Why same reaction makes a nuclear bomb and produces power in a nuclear power plant?

Answer 10

• Uncontrolled chain reaction- fission process can only take fractions of a second, used in atomic bombs
• By slowing reaction down- energy released is slower, process used in nuclear power plants

Question 11

Scintillation counters

Answer 11

• Uses a phospor- coated surface to detect radiation

* bright flashes converted to electronic pulses and countes

Question 12

Film Badges

Answer 12

• worn by people who work around radiation

* collected and read at certain intercals to monitor exposure

Question 13

Radiotracers

Answer 13

Radioactive nuclides that can be traced in people by monitoring their radioactivity

Question 14

Nuclide

Answer 14

Specific type of atom, member of a group of isotopes