Nuclear Chemistry

Question 1

How is the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom formed?

Answer 1

Mass number - atomic number

Question 2

The nucleus of an atom is…

Answer 2

The Central core and its composed of protons and neutrons

Question 3

The atomic number of an element is the total number of which particles in the nucleus?

Answer 3

Protons

Question 4

The ratio of protons to electrons neutrally charged atom is

Answer 4

Protons = electrons

Question 5

The nucleus of a radioisotope is not…..

Answer 5

Stable

Question 6

What are the three types of radiation?

Answer 6

Alpha beta gamma

Question 7

How are the three types of radiation particles represented in the equations?

Answer 7

You have to figure this out yourself

Question 8

What is nuclear fission? Where does it mainly occur?

Answer 8

Nuclear fission is the combining of a smaller nuclei into larger more stable nuclei, it mainly occurs in the sun

Question 9

What is nuclear fission? What is it used for?

Answer 9

The splitting of the nucleus into smaller fragments, it is used for bombs

Question 10

What is radiation?

Answer 10

Penetrating Particles and rays emitted by a radioactive source

Question 11

What is a radioisotope

Answer 11

An Isotope that has an unstable nucleus and undergoes radioactive decay

Question 12

What elements are radioactive

Answer 12

Technetium (TC)- 
Promethium (Pm)
Polonium (Po)
Astatine (At)
Radon (Rn)
Francium (Fr) 
Radium (Ra)
Actinium (Ac)
Thorium (Th)
Protactinium (Pa 
Uranium (U)
Neptunium (Np)
Plutonium (Pu)
Americium (Am)Curium (Cm)
Berkelium (Bk)
Californium (Cf)- Rare Earth Metal 
Einsteinium (Es)- Rare Earth Metal 
Fermium (Fm)- Rare Earth Metal 
Mendelevium (Md)- Rare Earth Metal 
Nobelium (No)- Rare Earth Metal 
Lawrencium (Lr)- Rare Earth Metal 
Rutherfordium (Rt) or Kurchatovium (Ku)
Dubnium (Db) or Nilsborium (Ns)
Seaborgium (Sg)
Bohrium (Bh)
Hassium (Hs)
Meitnerium (Mt)

Question 13

Define half-lifer

Answer 13

The amount of time for half the atoms in a radioactive sample to decay

Question 14

Define radioactive decay

Answer 14

Hi energy electromagnetic radiation released by a radioactive nucleus

Question 15

Define a alpha particle

Answer 15

A positively charged particle made up of two protons and two neutrons released by a radioactive nucleus

Question 16

Define radioactivity

Answer 16

The process in which the nuclei of unstable atoms can become more stable by emitting particles and or electromagnetic radiation

Question 17

Infusion reaction reacting nuclei must collide. Collisions between two nuclei are difficult to achieve because nuclei are…

Answer 17

Positively charged and repel each other

Question 18

Define fission

Answer 18

The splitting of a nucleus into smaller fractions, chain reactions can occur

Question 19

Define fusion

Answer 19

Combining of smaller nuclei to create bigger nuclei

Question 20

Define radioactive decay

Answer 20

The spontaneous emission of radiation by an unstable nucleus

Question 21

When is a material considered radioactive

Answer 21

A material is considered radioactive when it’s unstable and has radiation Engery or a particle

Question 22

What is the difference between the nuclear reactions taking place in the sun and the nuclear reactions taking place in a nuclear reactor

Answer 22

The sun uses fusion and the nuclear reactor uses fission

Question 23

How do you determine the number of protons?

Answer 23

It’s the atomic number

Question 24

How do you determine the number of electrons?

Answer 24

It’s the atomic number plus the charge, when the charge is negative add the charge the atomic number to find the number of electrons when the charge is negative subtract the charge to the atomic number