Nuclear

Question 1

Z-atomic number is?

Answer 1

The number of protons, number on top in periodic

Question 2

A-mass number is?

Answer 2

Number of protons and neutrons

Question 3

Isotopes are elements with the same ——but different——

Answer 3

atomic #’s, mass #’s

Question 4

Protons and neutrons are collectively referred to as —–

Answer 4

nucleons

Question 5

A—–refers to a specific isotope with a specific number of each nucleon

Answer 5

Nuclide

Question 6

238^U=Uranium-?

Answer 6

238

Question 7

—— is the spontaneous decay (—-) of an unstable nuclide emitting ionizing radiation.

Answer 7

Radioactivity, disintegration

Question 8

A nucleus always weighs —- than the sum of the masses of the protons and neutrons of which it is composed.

Answer 8

less

Question 9

This difference in mass between a nucleus and the combined masses of its nucleons is called the nuclear——–

Answer 9

mass defect

Question 10

The energy equivalent to the mass defect is called the binding ——— . This si the amount of energy that would have to be supplied to break up 1 mole of nuclei into their individual nucleons. A small loss of mass yields a large amount of energy according to —–

Answer 10

binding energy, (delta) E=mc^2

Question 11

Fission-may occur if the —- of an —– of one of the —– elements is bombarded with neutrons. The nucleus will split to give two separate nuclei (elements) of unequal size along with the liberation of more neutrons and energy

Answer 11

nucleus, isotope, heavier

Question 12

Note: more neutrons are produced than are required to initiate a reaction.- can produce a —- reaction. —– mass -mass required to maintain a chain reaction. All nuclear reactors are —-reactors

Answer 12

chain, critical, fission

Question 13

Fuel

Answer 13

3%, enriched, u-235, metal rods, lots of heat

Question 14

Moderator

Answer 14

Used to slow neutrons so they will split more effectively

Question 15

US, Canada, Chernobyl

Answer 15

water, heavy water D_2O (Doterium H iso), graphite

Question 16

Control Rods

Answer 16

Used to stop the reaction. Made of silver. Suspended above by magnets. Neutron absorbing compound such as Boric acid. Not immediate-but quick.

Question 17

Coolant

Answer 17

Used to remove heat. US-same as moderator. Pressure keeps from boiling

Question 18

Secondary loop-Not unique to power plants

Answer 18

Takes heat from sealed moderator. steam. turbine. electricity. cools water

Question 19

containment building

Answer 19

reinforced concrete

Question 20

Fusion

Answer 20

2^_H+3^_H->4^_2He+1^_0n

Question 21

Fusion-Too much heat for us to use and harness.

Answer 21

Combines two lighter isotopes to produce heavier isotopes. Sun, stars, h-bomb.. Hydrogen plentiful-not readioactive