Nuclear Flashcards
Z-atomic number is?
The number of protons, number on top in periodic
A-mass number is?
Number of protons and neutrons
Isotopes are elements with the same ——but different——
atomic #’s, mass #’s
Protons and neutrons are collectively referred to as —–
nucleons
A—–refers to a specific isotope with a specific number of each nucleon
Nuclide
238^U=Uranium-?
238
—— is the spontaneous decay (—-) of an unstable nuclide emitting ionizing radiation.
Radioactivity, disintegration
A nucleus always weighs —- than the sum of the masses of the protons and neutrons of which it is composed.
less
This difference in mass between a nucleus and the combined masses of its nucleons is called the nuclear——–
mass defect
The energy equivalent to the mass defect is called the binding ——— . This si the amount of energy that would have to be supplied to break up 1 mole of nuclei into their individual nucleons. A small loss of mass yields a large amount of energy according to —–
binding energy, (delta) E=mc^2
Fission-may occur if the —- of an —– of one of the —– elements is bombarded with neutrons. The nucleus will split to give two separate nuclei (elements) of unequal size along with the liberation of more neutrons and energy
nucleus, isotope, heavier
Note: more neutrons are produced than are required to initiate a reaction.- can produce a —- reaction. —– mass -mass required to maintain a chain reaction. All nuclear reactors are —-reactors
chain, critical, fission
Fuel
3%, enriched, u-235, metal rods, lots of heat
Moderator
Used to slow neutrons so they will split more effectively
US, Canada, Chernobyl
water, heavy water D_2O (Doterium H iso), graphite
