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Pharmacology > NSAIDs and other analgesics > Flashcards

NSAIDs and other analgesics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of cyclooxygenase enzymes in inflammation and homeostatic function within the body?

A

COX converts arachidonic acid into inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins

  • COX1: consitutive, “housekeeping” functions for cell’
  • COX2: mainly inducible, level increases during inflammation
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2
Q

aspirin

  • class?
  • MOA?
  • therapeutic uses?
A
  • salicylates, nonselective NSAIDs
  • acetylates COX1/COX2–>irreversible inhibitor (effectively decreases platelet activity)
  • analgesia, antipyresis, antithrombotic
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3
Q

ibuprofen

  • class?
  • MOA?
  • for all NSAIDS, theoretical analgesic efficacy is—-
A
  • nonselective NSAIDs (PO)
  • inhibits COX1
  • for all NSAIDs, theoretical analgesic efficacy is the same, however: toxicities are different, pharmacokinetics very (mix of art and science)
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4
Q

naproxen

A
  • nonselective NSAIDs (PO)

- inhibits COX1

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5
Q

ketorolac

A
  • nonselective NSAIDs (IV/IM)

- inhibits COX1

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6
Q

NSAIDs side effects

What drugs are in this class?

A
  • GI irritation/bleeding (take with FOOD)
  • reduction in RENAL blood flow with mod/long term use
  • Aspirin only: contraindicated in children due to Reye’s syndrome
  • Asa, ibuprofen, naproxen, ketorolac
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7
Q

celecoxib

  • class?
  • risk?
  • effects?
A

-COX2 inhibitor
(risk of stroke doubled when taking drug!)
-analgesics and anti-inflammatory effects are similar to nonselective NSAIDs

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8
Q

acetominophen

  • class?
  • effects?
  • max dose? why?
  • antidote?
A
  • LACKs anti-inflammatory activity, but usually grouped with NSAIDs
  • analgesic, antipyretic (just NOT anti-inflammatory)
  • max dose: 3 g/day; hepatotoxicity

-antidote: N-acetylcysteine replenished glutathione

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9
Q

recommendations for taking acetominophen

A
  • don’t drink with alcohol
  • aspirin/ibuprofen generally better if for inflammation, but be careful of contraindications like bleeding risk, Rey’s disease
  • keep track of cumulative acetaminophen dose across ALL products being taken
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10
Q

amitriptyline

  • class?
  • txs what?
  • MOA?
A
  • tricyclics
  • txs neuropathic pain (nerve damage or dysfunction)

-increases serotonin and NE levels; blocks Na channels

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11
Q

venlafaxine

  • class?
  • txs?
  • MOA?
A
  • SNRI
  • treats neuropathic pain
  • inhibits NT release by activating alpha 2 receptors
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12
Q

gabapentin

  • type of drug?
  • MOA?
  • tx?
A
  • anti-seizure drugs
  • inhibits voltage gated Ca channels
  • neuropathic pain
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13
Q

carbamazepine

  • type of drug?
  • MOA?
  • tx?
A
  • anti-seizure drug
  • blocks Na channels
  • neuropathic pain
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14
Q

ketamine

  • type of drug?
  • tx?
A
  • NMDA antagonist

- neuropathic pain

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Pharmacology (7 decks)

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