Local and General Anesthesia

Question 1

lidocaine

• type?
• duration?

Answer 1

• local anesthetic

- medium duration: 1-2 hrs

Question 2

bupivacaine

• type?
• duration?
• use?

Answer 2

• local anesthetic
• longer duration- can be used when vasoconstrictor is contraindicated
• spinal and epidural anesthesia

Question 3

cocaine

• type?
• what 2 types of properties does it have?
• replaced by what?

Answer 3

• local anesthetic
• anesthetic and vasoconstrictive properties
• anesthetic/vasoconstrictive combos

Question 4

epinephrine

• type?
• advantages?
• what ppl should you use this with caution?
• drug interactions?

Answer 4

• vasoconstrictors in local anesthesia
• improves duration of anesthesia by keeping drug near infiltration site; less drug reaches systemic circulation; reduces bleeding per vasoconstriction; prevents vasodilation by anesthetic
• pts with CV disease
• monoamine oxidase inhibitors, sympathomimetics; alpha blockers

Question 5

isoflurane

Answer 5

-general anesthetic

Question 6

dantrolene

Answer 6

-treats malignant hyperthermia caused by a genetic variation that results in an adverse rxn to inhaled anesthetic–>widespread contraction and rigidity which elevates body temp!