NRS1 Module 4 Flashcards
What is the main function of the Internet layer?
The main function of the Internet layer is to move data from the source to its destination, or set of destinations,regardless of where the destination exists. The Internet layer performs this function by using a unique logical addressand a standard set of protocols to help forward data based on the addressing scheme. Although a number of protocolshave been used, the Internet Protocol (IP) is used almost exclusively today.
Name the two components of an IPv4 address and explain what they do.
The first component of an IP address, known as the subnetwork prefix, identifies the subnetwork that a host resides in.The second component of an IP address, known as the host component, identifies an individual host inside thatsubnetwork.
How many bits does an IPv4 address have?
32 bits
If a source sends a broadcast IP packet, which hosts would receive this packet?
All hosts in the same subnetwork as the sender. In other words, all hosts in the same broadcast domain where the senderresides.
What is the network ID for 192.168.1.145/25?
With a network prefix length of 25, the first 25 bits (3 octets + 1 bit) are the network portion. The network ID for the firstthree octets would be the same as the IP address, which is 192.168.1. The last octet of the IP address (145) is binary10010001. The last octet of the IP address mask is binary 10000000. The last octet of the network ID is the result of theoperation 10010001 AND 10000000, which is binary 10000000 (128). Therefore, the network ID is 192.168.1.128.
What is the 10th host for the network subnet of 192.168.1.128/25?
The 10th host is 192.168.1.128 + 10, which is 192.168.1.138
What are the functions of subnetting?
To divide an IP address pool into smaller portions, each of which will be assigned to a given subnet.
What are the functions of route summarization?
To group a number of route entries with a number of common bit values in their prefixes into a single entry in the routingtable; to reduce the number of route entries to be advertised by the router; to increase routing advertisement stability.
What is the main function of a default gateway in a home network?
Allows home/personal devices to access other devices on the Internet.
Which protocol is used to perform “one-to-many” address translation?
Port Address Translation (PAT) performs “one-to-many” translation. One public IP address can support multiple private IPaddresses simultaneously.
What are the two ICMP messages that are used by the ping application?
ICMP Echo Request and ICMP Echo Reply
