NREMT questions Flashcards
When is nitroglycerin contraindicted and how many doses can a payient have?
Contradicted in patients with a systolic blood pressure below 100 mmHg, patients with head injury, patients who had taken erectile dysfunction medications and patients who taken the max dosage of 3
What 2 types of radiation are rays
Gamma radiation
X ray radiation
Hypothermia early signs and treatment
Early signs: confusion, shivering, tachypnea
Treatment: placing patient in dry environment and covering them in dry blankets. Warm fluids can also be given
Best way to lift patient lying on stretcher
- Bend at the knees
- Keep back in locked position
- Keep patient’s weight as close to the body as possible
- lifting with palms upwards
- Keep legs shoulder width apart
What antidote kits are used for nerve agents
Mark 1
Duodote
What antidote kits are used for nerve agents
Mark 1
Duodote
What antidote kits are used after exposure to cyanide
Pasadena and Cyanokit
What is Narcan used for?
Over the counter opiod overdose treatment
Signs and symptoms of shoulder dislocation
- Severe pain
- Flattened shoulder
- Guarding of affected limb by holding it towards the torso
- Numbness of the hand due to nerve damage
- Impaired range of motion
What is COPD characterized by? What is the signs and symptoms? What is the most common cause
- Characterized by degree of irreversible airway obstruction (emphysema), presence of significant inflammation (chronic bronchitis)
- Dyspnea, poor exercise tolerance, chronic coughing with and without sputum production, wheezing and respiratory failure
- Smoking is the most common cause of COPD
Special reporting situation
Definition: Special situation reports are used to document events that should be reported to local authorities or to amplify and supplement a primary report.
Examples: Mass casualty incidents, gunshot wounds, animal bites, specific infectious diseases, suspected physical and sexual abuse
How to treat a chest pain patient
- Place in position of comfort (Fowler or Semi-fowler position)
- Administer oxygen to keep SpO2 at 95-99%
- High priority patients require immediate transport
Standard of care
Acceptable practice of care for a given situation if someone of equal training was to face the same situation
Scope of practice
Defines what is legally permitted for some or all licensed individuals at that level
Duty to act
Responsibility to provide patient care
What is compensated shock and its signs and symptoms
Earlier stage of shock
Signs and symptoms: restlessness, anxiety, altered mental status, shortness of breath; cool,clammy, skin; narrowing pulse pressure; pallor/cyanosis; nausea and vomiting; rapid breathing
What are snoring respirations an indicator of?
A partially obstructed airway
What should be placed in red biohazard containers
Any medical waste, including contaminated disposable equipment or clothing, should be placed in a red biohazard bag and disposed of at the hospital.
How much blood can a patient lose from a
- Individual rib fracture
- Tibial fracture
- Femur fracture
- Pelvic fracture
- 100-200 mL
- 300-500 mL of blood
- 800 - 1000 mL
- 2000 mL
If the fractures are open, the figures are doubled
What is the proper way to do CPR
- The heel of one hand placed on the lower half of the sternum, with the other hand placed on the top
- Chest compressions should be done in cycles of 30
- Compressions should be at a depth of 2 to 2.4 inches
- rate of 100 to 120 per min
If an AMI is left untreated, what timeframe do 90% of myocardial cells die
Within 4 to 6 hours
What is the flow rate and maximum oxygen concentration that can be delivered via nasal cannula and nonrebreather
- The flow rate range of the nasal cannula is 1-6 liters per minute and delivers oxygen concentration between 24% and 44%
- The flow rate of the non-rebreather mask can supplement oxygen at 15 liters per minute and deliver oxygen up to 95%
Febrile seizure
Common in children between six months and six years of age
Characterized by generalized tonic-clonic seizure, do not last more than 15 minutes and have a short or absent postictal state, occur in children who experience a sudden spike in body temperature
Interventions: Assessment of ABCs, cooling measures, and rapid transport
What is Epilepsy? And what are its signs and symptoms
brain condition that causes recurring seizures.
Diagnosed if you’ve had at least two unprovoked seizures at least 24 hours apart
Symptoms
Temporary confusion.
A staring spell.
Stiff muscles.
Uncontrollable jerking movements of extremities
Loss of consciousness.
Psychological symptoms such as fear, anxiety, or deja vu.