Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NREMT > NREMT > Flashcards

NREMT Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NREMT® EMT flashcards NREMT® Paramedic flashcards
1
Q

A patient has left sided heart failure. What kind of edema would the patient have?

A

Pulmonary edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

If there is a major open wound to the neck, what kind of dressing should be applied?

A

All sided occlusive dressing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following is the division point between the upper and lower airway?

A

Laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the most effective way to slow an arterial bleed caused by a laceration to the hand?

A

Apply tourniquet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A 36-year-old pregnant female is experiencing unusually painful cramps when you arrive. She tells you she has 2 kids, has had 3 miscarriages, and is 6 months pregnant. What is her GPA?

A

6/2/3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A condition characterized by high blood pressure and high protein count in the urine that usually occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy is:

A

Preeclampsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In asthma, patients can suffer from

A

Mucosal edema in bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which side of the heart is larger and why?

A

Left side, because it pumps blood to the more resistant, larger arterial system and therefore, has to have more musculature to force blood out against the greater systemic pressure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the normal heart rate range for infants?

A

120-150

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which of the following signs would suggest a patient is experiencing anaphylaxis (the most severe allergic reaction)?

A

Stridor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When a patient is breathing at a rapid rate (40 breaths per minute) and that breathing is shallow, the patient is at risk of:

A

Having low amounts of minute volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which triad characterizes cardiac tamponade? Why?

A

Beck’s triad – Low arterial blood pressure, narrow pulse pressure, jugular vein distension, muffled heart sounds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Taking a drug either through injection or absorption:

A

Shows similar effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When assessing a patient who may have experienced a stroke, you choose to use the Cincinnati Stroke scale. Which of the following is not a part of this measure?

A

Grip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

You respond to a call where a 50-year-old male patient with a history of type 2 diabetes has an altered mental status. His wife checked his blood glucose level using an at home meter. A reading below what value would indicate a hypoglycemic diabetic emergency?

A

80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

You are interviewing a patient who tells you he had a previous surgical history of cholecystectomy. What is this patient referring to?

A

Removal of gallbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Braxton Hicks contractions are:

A

Painless, short and irregular contractions that occur at about the 13th week of pregnancy. It is a false labor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What causes an allergic reaction, for example, to a bee sting?

A

The body activates the immune system towards a usually harmless object, by releasing histamines.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What cardiovascular disease causes crackles upon auscultation of lung sounds?”

A

Pulmonary edema caused by left sided heart failure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which of the following is not a sign/symptom of head injury

A

Becks Triad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Eviscerations are treated by:

A

Placing a moist and sterile dressing, followed by an all-sided occlusive dressing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the major difference between bronchitis and pneumonia?”

A

Bronchitis is caused by a bacterial/viral infection that mainly affects the bronchioles. Pneumonia is mainly caused by bacterial infections that affect the alveoli.

23
Q

What valve opens during left ventricular contraction, and what valve closes?

A

The bicuspid valve closes and aortic valve opens.

24
Q

You arrive on the scene of a motor vehicle accident before law enforcement gets there. The speed limit on this particular street is 50mph. Where should you park the ambulance and what side should you exit?

A

50 feet before the start of the accident, blocking traffic to the work area; exit towards the curb side of the road

25
Q

When is the administration of oxygen to a patient experiencing acute coronary syndrome advisable (assuming you do not have a pulse oximeter to measure the patient’s oxygen saturation)?

A

The patient is A/O x2

26
Q

In which situation is the use of a flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device (FORPVD) contraindicated?

A

In a child or infant

27
Q

Which organ is most likely to be most sensitive to a hypoglycemic diabetic emergency?

A

Brain

28
Q

What event often occurs in patients with Type II diabetes?

A

Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome

29
Q

You respond to a call where a 26-year-old female is in the fetal position on her bathroom floor. She is complaining of severe abdominal pain that is global and accompanied by vaginal bleeding. She says she is unsure how she ended up on the floor and is feeling lightheaded. She does not have a fever. What diagnosis does her presentation best suggest?

A

Ectopic pregnancy

30
Q

During delivery, if a prolapsed cord is present, you must:

A

Cover the umbilical cord with sterile dressing that is moist with sterile saline solution, then take the pressure off of the cord by moving the baby off of the umbilical cord in utero while not harming the baby or mother.

31
Q

You are managing a 23-year-old male patient who has been stabbed in the chest. Their ability to breathe is jeopardized because:

A

Air rushes in through the stab wound, making the negative pressure necessary for inhalation impossible to create.

32
Q

You are attending to an 80-year-old female who seems distracted and even nods off while you are asking questions. To what area of the brain does this patient most likely have an injury or dysfunction?

A

Reticular activating system

33
Q

The rule of nines describes the percentage of the body that certain areas take up, on average. For kids, this is:

A

10% for each arm, 13% each for the chest and back. 21% for the head. 14% for each leg. 1% for genitals.

34
Q

If a patient suffers from a bee sting, what is the proper way to get rid of the stinger?

A

Scrape it in the direction it’s facing.

35
Q

What is the significant risk of ingesting acid?

A

Acid causes immediate pain and is a superficial burner. It is also not very adherent, so it will burn the stomach more than it will the throat.

36
Q

What is the difference between oxygenation and respiration?

A

Oxygenation is the process of providing oxygen to body tissues or cells. Respiration is the process of gas exchange that occurs at alveoli and body capillaries.

37
Q

Why is it important for COPD patients to receive a controlled concentration of oxygen? What device allows for this to happen?

A

COPD patients’ breathing rate is controlled by hypoxic drive, and therefore requires a Venturi mask which delivers a precise volume of O2 so that their arterial O2 does not exceed values that stop the patient from breathing.

38
Q

A 12-year-old female patient is experiencing an allergic reaction from a bee sting. If this allergic reaction progresses to anaphylactic shock, what physiological mechanism could result in the patient’s death?

A

Capillaries seep fluid

39
Q

A patient who has suffered an MI to the left ventricle, will have impaired blood flow to what structure initially?

A

aorta

40
Q

A 12-year-old patient was ice skating when the ice broke, and she fell in the water. Your biggest concern is hypothermia as the patient will lose heat rapidly via:

A

convection

41
Q

How does blood flow through the body (starting from the superior/inferior vena cava)?

A

Right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary arteries → lungs → pulmonary veins → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta → systemic capillaries → back to superior/inferior vena cava

42
Q

What are the signs and symptoms associated with a severely hypoxic patient?

A

Patients exhibit tachypnea, dysrhythmia that leads to bradycardia, cyanotic skin, hypotension, sleepiness or lack of consciousness, and an altered mental status.

43
Q

What does right-sided heart failure cause?

A

Systemic adema

44
Q

What valve opens during right ventricular contraction, and what valve closes?

A

The tricuspid valve closes and the pulmonary valve opens.

45
Q

You arrive at the home of a 44-year-old man with severe abdominal pain. He tells you that 5 days ago he was hit in the stomach with a baseball bat. Upon examination, his abdomen is rigid. What is the most likely field diagnosis for this patient?

A

Peritonitis

46
Q

The pulmonary veins bring ______ blood back to the ______ of the heart.

A

oxygenated; left atrium

47
Q

You are attending to a 14-year-old with shortness of breath and chest tightness. She has a history of sickle cell anemia. What is the most likely pathological reason for her shortness of breath that would help you direct your patient care?

A

Abnormal hemoglobin causes the blood cells to have an inability to carry oxygen.

48
Q

The term “critical burns” are used to describe a certain degree of burn that covers a certain percentage of the body (using the rule of nines for adults and kids). Critical burns are:

A

Third degree burns that cover more than 10 percent of the body, or second degree burns that cover more than 25% of the adult body, and 20% of the body in children/elderly.

49
Q

Small clicking, bubbling, or rattling sounds in the lungs. They are heard when a person breathes in (inhales). Used interchangeably with crackles

A

Rales

50
Q

large airway sounds,” are continuous gurgling or bubbling sounds typically heard during both inhalation and exhalation. These sounds are caused by movement of fluid and secretions in larger airways (asthma, viral URI). It may clear with coughing.

A

Rhonchi

51
Q

Inflammation and narrowing of the airway in any location, from your throat out into your lungs, can result in ______

The most common causes of recurrent _____are asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which both cause narrowing and spasms (bronchospasms) in the small airways of your lungs.

A

Wheezing

52
Q

These sounds occur if the small air sacs in the lungs fill with fluid and there’s air movement in the sacs, such as when you’re breathing. The air sacs fill with fluid when a person has pneumonia or heart failure.

A

Crackles

53
Q

The function of the _____is to deliver air to a diffuse network of around 300 million alveoli in the lungs.

A

Bronchioles

NREMT (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions