NREMT 1 Flashcards
If you reach the site where a woman of advanced age has fallen and injured her ribs, and when you check you find she is breathing rapidly and shallowly, the rate being 40, how can you confirm that this emergency is life threatening?
There is a risk her volume per minute is diminishing
A Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) will usually stop after
10-15 minutes
A 57 year old woman is complaining of chest pain. Her blood pressure is 109/88 and her respirations are at 22 per minute. What condition does the patient’s blood pressure indicate?
Low pulse pressure
Use of an SpO2 monitor on a person suffering from carbon monoxide poisoning will be inaccurate because ___________.
The carbon monoxide molecule displaces the oxygen molecule inhibiting oxygen delivery
You are assessing an 84 year old man. Upon auscultation of the lungs you discover crackles or rale sounds. He is complaining of chest pain and congestion. These signs and symptoms can indicate?
Left ventricular failure
The umbilical cord is wrapped tightly around the baby’s neck and you have tried unsuccessfully to slip the cord over the head. What should your next course of action be?
Cut the cord after clamping in two places
A person suffering from Cholecystitis would experience direct pain in the ___ and referred pain in the ___
RUQ and right shoulder (gall bladder is RUQ of ABD)
What quadrant of ABD is spleen located in?
Left upper
Signs and symptoms of Cushing’s phenomenon include
hypertension, bradycardia, irregular respirations, central neurogenic hyperventilation, and Biot respirations.
Cellular respiration and cellular metabolism are best described as
The use of oxygen and carbohydrates to produce energy and the creation of carbon dioxide and water by-products
NIMS is best explained as
A template system for providing consistent, effective processes in preparing for, responding to, and recovering from an incident
After the baby’s head has delivered you should?
Suction the mouth and nose then check if the cord is wrapped around the infant’s neck
If a patient was feeling nauseated this would likely be a_______________response. If a person was tachycardic it would likely be a___________________ response.
Parasympathetic / sympathetic
With regard to blood pressure, which of the following statements is true?
Blood pressure has a direct affect on the perfusion of the body’s tissues
You assess a patient with difficulty breathing who has a hx of COPD and is breathing through pursed lips, what is the patient trying to do while breathing through pursed lips?
Provide O2 into the lungs and moving CO2 out of lungs
Hyperventilation results in what with O2 level and CO2 levels
Increase in O2 levels and decrease in CO2
The tongue is often a source of airway obstruction; it falls back and occludes the _________?
Pharynx
The lower airway ends at the alveoli, where gas exchange occurs. Oxygen moves to the hemoglobin by passing through a semipermeable membrane. Where does this occur?
capillary bed
The anatomy of the airway consists of the upper and lower airways. The upper airway starts at the mouth and nares and ends at the _________?
cricoid cartilage
To create negative pressure in the thorax (chest cavity) the diaphragm contracts and moves _____________. This action expands the volume of the thorax, allowing air to rush into the lungs.
Downward
You are transporting an elderly male patient in respiratory distress with a history of COPD… The patient has very shallow, rapid respirations with minimal chest wall motion and slight wheezing in the upper lung fields. Given this situation, what would you expect the arterial carbon dioxide levels to be?
Elevated
Three major parts of cardiovascular system
Blood, blood vessels, and heart
Name the layers of the heart from the outside in
Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
Which artery carries deoxygenated blood, and which vein carries oxygenated blood?
Pulmonary, pulmonary
Which are blood components that are responsible for clot formation
Thrombin, Platelets, and Fibrin
Your patient is a 17-year old male found face down in a swimming pool. He is currently being held face up at the surface of the water. He is unconscious but breathing and has a pulse. What is the best course of action for this patient?
Apply cervical and spinal immobilization while the patient is still in the pool
When there is penetrating trauma, there is a permanent cavity formed by the projectile contacting the tissues. How is a temporary cavity formed?
By energy transferring off of the projectile
The slippery outer membrane encompassing the lung tissue
Visceral pleura
Lines the inside of a the thoracic cavity
Parietal Pleura
What nerve stimulates the diaphragm muscle to contract?
Phrenic nerve
What is oxygenation?
Loading of the oxygen molecules onboard the hemoglobin in the bloodstream
What is respiration
Exchange of O2 and CO2 in the capillaries on the alveoli and other tissues of the body
What is internal respiration?
Occurs at the cellular level for tissues and organs
What is external respiration
Initial action of breathing air in, and the gas exchange at the alveolar level
What is it called when the cells can no longer metabolize the oxygen deprivation?
Anaerobic metabolism
Abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by progressively deeper, and sometimes faster, breathing followed by a gradual decrease that results in a temporary stop in breathing called an apnea.
Cheyene-Stokes
The left and right mainstem bronchi bifurcate at the?
Carina
Continuous gurgling or bubbling sounds typically heard during both inspiration and expiration
Rhonchi
The first 2 weeks of the menstrual cycle is called
the proliferative phase
Emotional and physical characteristics of adolescents include
believing that, generally, nothing bad can happen to them
When examining and caring for an infant:
complete your scene size-up and primary assessment from across the room
Expect delivery of the infant within a few minutes if:
the patient has the sensation of a bowel movement
With cord presentation woman should be placed in what position
knee chest
respiratory rate of newborn
30-60
An abnormally low placenta may tear or separate from the uterus, causing painless hemorrhaging. This condition is known as:
placenta previa
It occurs most commonly around 25 weeks of pregnancy. Symptoms may include vaginal bleeding, lower abdominal pain, and dangerously low blood pressure.
abruptio placenta
____ ____ is a complication of pregnancy in which the embryo attaches outside the uterus. Signs and symptoms classically include abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding, but fewer than 50 percent of affected women have both of these symptoms.
Ectopic pregnancy
_____is an infection of the upper part of the female reproductive system, namely the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, and inside of the pelvis.
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
The fetus, or unborn infant, develops in the
Uterus
What is water breaking?
Amniotic sac (fluid filled pouch that surrounds fetus) is breaking
Peds triangle
Appearance, work of breathing, circulation
where the lungs and the blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of breathing in and breathing out.
Alveoli
Crackles are predominately heard on _____
Inspiration
