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2024-2025 National Online Contests > NRCE Roman Life / Customs > Flashcards

NRCE Roman Life / Customs Flashcards

1
Q

full seven lap race around the circus

A

missus chariot

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2
Q

passage between the ātrium and the peristȳlum - avoids the tablīnum in order to give the master privacy

A

andron

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3
Q

refers to when a soldier was not wearing his sarcīna

A

expeditus

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4
Q

Adoption of a son

A

adoptiō

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5
Q

little bandits - chess

A

latrunculi

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6
Q

Adoption of a son

A

adoptiō

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7
Q

a battering ram

A

aries

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8
Q

secretary

A

amanuensis

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9
Q

a battleship propelled by oars and sails

A

navis longa

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10
Q

priest of Jupiter

A

flamen dialis

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11
Q

fought with 2 daggers

A

dimachareus

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12
Q

Relation through marriage

A

adfīnēs

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13
Q

son

A

filius

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14
Q

Political ladder of Rome quaestor, praetor, consul

A

cursus honōrum

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15
Q

2 elected annually and were half of total aediles. Were elected by higher class

A

aedīlis curūlis (Curule Aedile)

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16
Q

Elected the Plebeian Aediles and Tribune of the Plebs

A

concilium plēbis

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17
Q

unwelcome guests

A

umbrae

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18
Q

Days the Underworld was open and marriage was unlucky

A

August 24, October 5, November 8

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19
Q

green

A

prasina

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20
Q

pimp

A

leno

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21
Q

dining couches in triclinium

A

lecti tricliniares

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22
Q

Roman lamp that used oil

A

lucerna

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23
Q

kitchen

A

culina

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24
Q

rectangular banner or flag - standard for the auxiliaries

A

vexillum

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25
Q

betrothal: maiden family promised to male by pater familias or tutor

A

spōnsālia

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26
Q

breakfast

A

ientaculum

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27
Q

red

A

russata

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28
Q

gladiator trainer

A

lanista

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29
Q

ribbons

A

vittae/taeniae/fasciolae

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30
Q

decurions - commanded the decuriae

A

decuriones

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31
Q

modern-style book

A

codex

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32
Q

century - half a maniple - 60 men (100 originally)

A

centuria

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33
Q

black wool toga worn at funerals by mourners

A

toga pulla

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34
Q

grape juice

A

mustum

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35
Q

shoe maker

A

sutor

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36
Q

Supervised public land

A

Censors

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37
Q

Had to be gentēs of the cūria and present for dextrārum iūnctiō

A

10 witnesses of cōnfarreātiō

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38
Q

open courtyard between the street and the door to the house

A

vestibulum

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39
Q

the main column of legionary troops

A

agmen

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40
Q

floors of the poor

A

pavimentum

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41
Q

Relation through marriage

A

adfīnēs

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42
Q

seal used to enclose a letter

A

signum

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43
Q

a ditch or trench dug around the camp

A

fossa

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44
Q

ink

A

atramentum

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45
Q

death bed

A

lectus funebris

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46
Q

small bedroom or sleeping quarter

A

cubiculum nocturnum/dormitorium

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47
Q

olive oil used for cooking

A

second pressing of olives

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48
Q

beast hunts

A

venationes

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49
Q

gold

A

aurea

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50
Q

sister

A

soror

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51
Q

cupboard god

A

penates

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52
Q

the mound on either side of the road

A

agger

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53
Q

Samnites often pinned against Thracians

A

hoplomachi

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54
Q

hot room

A

calidarium

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55
Q

Controlled morals

A

Censors

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56
Q

body scraper room

A

destrictarium

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57
Q

3 AM to 6 AM

A

quarta vigilia

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58
Q

fought wild animals

A

bestiarius

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59
Q

leaping or “dancing” priests of Mars

A

salii

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60
Q

blue

A

veneta

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61
Q

strips of woolen cloth

A

fasciae

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62
Q

nurse

A

nutrix

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63
Q

purple

A

purpurea

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64
Q

prefects - commanded the auxiliaries of cavalry

A

praefecti

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65
Q

fought in a war chariot

A

essedarius

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66
Q

the high priest of Rome, the head of Roman state religion; he appointed and oversaw the vestal virgins.

A

pontifex maximus

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67
Q

dramatic performances in a theater

A

ludi scaenici

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68
Q

hot room

A

calidarium

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69
Q

a battering ram

A

aries

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70
Q

sweat room

A

laconicum/sudatorium

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71
Q

clock

A

horologium

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72
Q

porridge

A

puls

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73
Q

Term for female marriage: meaning to marry or literally to veil oneself

A

nūbere

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74
Q

first 8 days of life

A

prīmordia

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75
Q

legion - largest unit - 3600 men (6000 before the time of Caesar)

A

legio

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76
Q

fought with a lasso (laqueus)

A

laqeuator/laqueaerius

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77
Q

dove cote/pigeon house - a family tomb that had many inside. Urns were kept in niches on the walls of the columbārium.

A

columbarium

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78
Q

banquet/drinking party

A

convivium

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79
Q

small fish pond or pool

A

piscina

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80
Q

Acted as judicial officials

A

Praetors

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81
Q

pontiffs - had overall control of the state religion

A

pontifices

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82
Q

cavalry men

A

equites

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83
Q

prisons - starting gates - like stables where the chariot drivers waiting for the race to begin

A

carceres

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84
Q

way of wearing the toga over the head for religious reasons

A

cinctus Gabinus

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85
Q

way of wearing the toga over the head for religious reasons

A

cinctus Gabinus

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86
Q

dice-box from which the dice were thrown

A

fritillus

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87
Q
  • augurs - elected for life only priests authorized to take the auspices (read and interpret signs from the gods to find out if a proposed course of action had divine approval. Signs from the gods mostly by observing the flight patterns of wild birds or the feeding habits of captive birds such as chickens. Auspices were taken before any major event, such as a voyage or battle
A

augures

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88
Q

Acted as judicial officials

A

Praetors

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89
Q

foot stool used to reach the bed

A

scamnum

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90
Q

main room or center of the house

A

atrium

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91
Q

dessert

A

secunda mensa

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92
Q

2 elected annually and were half of total aediles. Were elected by higher class

A

aedīlis curūlis (Curule Aedile)

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93
Q

plural haruspicēs - priest who interpreted entrails of sacrificed animals

A

haruspex

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94
Q

marble above the nich with the name of the dead

A

titulus

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95
Q

Chose Consuls, Censors, and Praetors

A

comitia centuriāta

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96
Q

son

A

filius

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97
Q

Decided on construction

A

Censors

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98
Q

February 13-21 and bad time for marriage

A

diēs parentālēs

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99
Q

right to kiss

A

iūs ōsculī

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100
Q

tax collector

A

publicanus

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101
Q

dove cote/pigeon house - a family tomb that had many inside. Urns were kept in niches on the walls of the columbārium.

A

columbarium

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102
Q

brother

A

frater

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103
Q

Had to be gentēs of the cūria and present for dextrārum iūnctiō

A

10 witnesses of cōnfarreātiō

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104
Q

drinks

A

potus

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105
Q

Had minimum ages of 36 and 42

A

Consuls

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106
Q

fuller, laundry man

A

fullo

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107
Q

Carried the fasces

A

Lictōrēs (lictors)

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108
Q

throwing javelin or pike

A

pilum

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109
Q

family god

A

lar

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110
Q

body scraper room

A

destrictarium

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111
Q

camp - built after a day’s march for retreat - rectangular in shape

A

castra

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112
Q

gladiator fights

A

munera gladiatoria

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113
Q

Political ladder of Rome quaestor, praetor, consul

A

cursus honōrum

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114
Q

eggs and dolphins marble in those shapes to count laps

A

ova et delphini

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115
Q

saffron bridal veil

A

flammeum

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116
Q

conical felt cap worn by laborers and freedmen

A

pilleus

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117
Q

Often avoided but sometimes weren’t

A

Major Holidays

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118
Q

military password used to get into the camp

A

tessera

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119
Q

mother

A

mater

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120
Q

Adoption of pater familias usually because extinction

A

adrogātiō

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121
Q

Had minimum age of 40

A

Praetors

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122
Q

had thick sleeves on the right arm (manicae), greaves on his left leg, and a visored helmet

A

samnite

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123
Q

seafood/fish

A

piscis

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124
Q

Had minimum age of 40

A

Praetors

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125
Q

double doors

A

fores

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126
Q

Presided over the senate

A

Consuls

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127
Q

empty tomb

A

cenotaphium

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128
Q

conical, pointy hat worn by the flāminēs

A

apex

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129
Q

honey wine

A

mulsum

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130
Q

a protective screen formed by the overlapping of shields held in a tortoise-like fashion

A

testudo

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131
Q

spirits of the dead

A

manes

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132
Q

colored or painted toga worn by triumphant generals

A

toga picta

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133
Q

passage or entrance to the ātrium

A

fauces

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134
Q

knobs on ends of umbilicus

A

cornua

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135
Q

People with the same nomen. Common male ancestor

A

gēns

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136
Q

maniple - a third of a cohort

A

manipulus

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137
Q

In charge of Vestal Virgins and college of Pontiffs

A

Pontifex Maximus

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138
Q

olive oil

A

oleum/olivum

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139
Q

rub down and oil room

A

unctorium

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140
Q

prefects - commanded the auxiliaries of cavalry

A

praefecti

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141
Q

undertaker

A

designator

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142
Q

rows of niches

A

gradus

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143
Q

naming ceremony 8 days after daughter’s birth 9 days after son’s

A

diēs lustricus

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144
Q

secretary

A

amanuensis

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145
Q

peach

A

malum Persicum

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146
Q

lunch

A

prandium

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147
Q

elaborate wedding with 10 witnesses

A

cōnfarreātiō

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148
Q

baggage that followed the legion, carried on pack animals or wagons - food, etra weapons, clothing, artillery, tools, etc.

A

impedimenta

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149
Q

barber

A

tonsor

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150
Q

had short shield (parma) & grieves on both legs

A

thrax

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151
Q

Minimum age of 36

A

Aediles

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152
Q

banquet for gladiators day before exhibition

A

cena libera

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153
Q

regular tied shoe mde of leather always worn with the toga

A

calceus

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154
Q

grape juice

A

mustum

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155
Q

ivory/metal instrument for writing on tablets

A

stilus/stylus

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156
Q

white

A

albata

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157
Q

supper

A

merenda/vesperna

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158
Q

first sword - highest ranked gladiator

A

palus primus

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159
Q

senatorial tunic

A

tunica lati clavi

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160
Q

In charge of adoption, succession, and testament

A

Pontifex Maximus

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161
Q

had thick sleeves on the right arm (manicae), greaves on his left leg, and a visored helmet

A

samnite

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162
Q

wholesale dealer/slave dealer

A

mango

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163
Q

transport ship

A

navis oneraria

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164
Q

floors of the poor

A

pavimentum

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165
Q

backbone - the center part of the circus

A

spinae

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166
Q

father

A

pater

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167
Q

seafood/fish

A

piscis

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168
Q

tool used to scrape the body

A

strigil

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169
Q

wholesale dealer/slave dealer

A

mango

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170
Q

water clock

A

clepsydra

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171
Q

bench for multiple people

A

subsellium

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172
Q

fought blindfolded

A

andabata

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173
Q

common bread made of coarse flour and/or bran

A

panis plebeius

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174
Q

knot on bride’s dress to be untied by husband

A

nōdus Herculāneus

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175
Q

reused parchment or paper

A

palimpsestum

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176
Q

bread baker

A

pistor

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177
Q

broadrimmed, sombrero-like hat of foreign origin

A

petasus

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178
Q

clock

A

horologium

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179
Q

table with three legs

A

mensa delphica

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180
Q

power of husband over wife

A

manus

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181
Q

circular loaves of bread

A

panes

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182
Q

daughter

A

filia

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183
Q

Oldest Assembly met as a formality

A

comitia cūriāta

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184
Q

toga with a purple border worn by boys and curule magistrates

A

toga praetexta

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185
Q

cart used for baggage, slaves, and also to carry spoils in triumph

A

petoritum

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186
Q

messenger

A

nuntius

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187
Q

gladiator trainer

A

lanista

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188
Q

great delicacy

A

dormouse

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189
Q

slave who rubbed oil, scraped it off, and handed the bather his towel

A

capsārius

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190
Q
  • lowest throw - all the same number
A

Vulture

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191
Q

Often avoided but sometimes weren’t

A

Major Holidays

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192
Q

Kept rolls of senators

A

Censors

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193
Q

6 PM to 9 PM

A

prīma vigilia

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194
Q

Commanded the army

A

Consuls

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195
Q

olive oil used for cooking

A

second pressing of olives

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196
Q

blood relation

A

cognātiō

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197
Q

Tribune of the Plebs’ right to veto

A

intercessiō

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198
Q

Had supreme authority over government

A

Dictator

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199
Q

cupboard god

A

penates

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200
Q

rub down and oil room

A

unctorium

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201
Q

footpaths or sidewalks

A

semitae/margines

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202
Q

the stage for actors

A

scaena/scena

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203
Q

painter

A

pictor

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204
Q

ivory/metal instrument for writing on tablets

A

stilus/stylus

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205
Q

eggs and dolphins marble in those shapes to count laps

A

ova et delphini

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206
Q

bread baker

A

pistor

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207
Q

small fish pond or pool

A

piscina

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208
Q

pimp

A

leno

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209
Q

mock naval battles

A

naumachiae

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210
Q

room inclosed in a building for burying the dead

A

sepulc(h)rum

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211
Q

Administered public buildings

A

Aediles

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212
Q

fought with a net (rēte) and trident (fuscina)

A

retiarius

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213
Q

chariot racing companies

A

factiones

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214
Q

small table with one leg

A

monopodium

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215
Q

reed pen

A

calamus

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216
Q

Tribune of the Plebs’ right to veto

A

intercessiō

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217
Q

elaborate wedding with 10 witnesses

A

cōnfarreātiō

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218
Q

grandmother

A

avia

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219
Q

warm room

A

tepidarium

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220
Q

nurse

A

nutrix

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221
Q

peach

A

malum Persicum

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222
Q

priests appointed to serve particular deities

A

flamines

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223
Q

pillars or turning posts

A

metae

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224
Q

common bread made of coarse flour and/or bran

A

panis plebeius

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225
Q

couch or bed

A

lectus

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226
Q

luxurious traveling cart with a bed

A

carruca

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227
Q

chalked-white toga worn by candidates running for office

A

toga candida

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228
Q

fish sauce from sturgeon or mackerel

A

garum/liquamen

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229
Q

stool for one person

A

sella

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230
Q

honey water

A

mulsa

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231
Q

leather boots with heavy hobnailed soles, fastened on by straps

A

caligae

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232
Q

Old man who advised

A

Senātor

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233
Q

leather breastplate with metal bands

A

lorica

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234
Q

one lap around the circus

A

curriculum

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235
Q

ring

A

anulus

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236
Q

first sword - highest ranked gladiator

A

palus primus

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237
Q

boundary line for city of Roman within which no one could be buried

A

pomerium

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238
Q

the mound on either side of the road

A

agger

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239
Q

four-wheeled, two-horsed cart for vestals and priests

A

pilentum

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240
Q

household gods

A

lares and penates

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241
Q

clothes that are wrapped around

A

amictus

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242
Q

throwing javelin or pike

A

pilum

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243
Q

9 PM to 12 midnight

A

secunda vigilia

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244
Q

Were in charge of army’s and province’s finances

A

Quaestors

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245
Q

public games

A

ludi

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246
Q

knot on bride’s dress to be untied by husband

A

nōdus Herculāneus

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247
Q

Term for female marriage: meaning to marry or literally to veil oneself

A

nūbere

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248
Q

narrow passage for carrying the dead

A

porta Libitinensis

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249
Q

the pole about which a scroll is bound

A

umbilicus

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250
Q

pillars or turning posts

A

metae

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251
Q

lowest of the vultures

A

Dogs

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252
Q

bitter funeral funeral for the death of small children

A

funus acerbum

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253
Q

head of the family, oldest male

A

pater familias

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254
Q

innkeeper

A

caupo

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255
Q

urn/jar

A

olla

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256
Q

a tenth of an āla - 30 men

A

turma

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257
Q

starting gate

A

porta pompae

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258
Q

bride’s tunic

A

tunica recta

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259
Q

olive oil used as fuel for lamps

A

third pressing of olives

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260
Q

military tribune - six to a legion

A

tribuni militum

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261
Q

Old man who advised

A

Senātor

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262
Q

People with same cognomen

A

stirps

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263
Q

saffron bridal veil

A

flammeum

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264
Q

exercise courtyard (mainly for boxers and wrestlers)

A

palaestra

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265
Q

legion - largest unit - 3600 men (6000 before the time of Caesar)

A

legio

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266
Q

a squad of 300 equitēs

A

ala

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267
Q

mailman

A

tabellarius

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268
Q

Took censuses of property, kept a register of citizens, controlled morals, supervised public land, decided on construction

A

Censors

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269
Q

scribe

A

scriba

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270
Q

centurions and captains - noncommissioned plebeian officers who were experienced on the battlefield

A

centuriones

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271
Q

wedding ring worn on left hand ring finger because of veins

A

ānulus

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272
Q

first 8 days of life

A

prīmordia

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273
Q

grandfather

A

avus

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274
Q

cavalry men

A

equites

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275
Q

plebeian marriage without manus

A

ūsus

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276
Q

Festivals to celebrate Vesta and were unlucky for marriage

A

diēs religiōsī

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277
Q

clothes that are put on

A

indutus

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278
Q

knucklebones of a sheep or goat - five are thrown and caught on the back of the hand kind of like jacks - also used to refer to dice

A

tali

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279
Q

painter

A

pictor

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280
Q

subrectangular slightly tapered tiles for roofing

A

tegulae

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281
Q

wedding ring worn on left hand ring finger because of veins

A

ānulus

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282
Q

funeral songs or poems

A

neniae/naeniae

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283
Q

leather or metal helmet often ornamented with a crest

A

galea

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284
Q

front door

A

ostium

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285
Q

main course

A

fercula

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286
Q

In charge of the treasury

A

Quaestors

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287
Q

wine

A

vinum

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288
Q

quick, light, two-wheeled, two-horsed, uncovered cart

A

cisium

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289
Q

Unlucky days for marriage

A

Kalends, Nones, Ides and days after

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290
Q

breakfast

A

ientaculum

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291
Q

double doors

A

fores

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292
Q

2 were elected every year and had 12 lictors

A

Consuls

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293
Q

dress

A

stola

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294
Q

currant

A

malum Corinthum

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295
Q

personal knapsack of a soldier

A

sarcina

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296
Q

Senate house

A

Cūria

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297
Q

cupboards that could sometimes hold books

A

armaria

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298
Q

sandal or slipper worn only indoors except during meals

A

solea

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299
Q

In charge of public works and markets

A

Aediles

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300
Q

leaping or “dancing” priests of Mars

A

salii

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301
Q

ink

A

atramentum

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302
Q

Extended praetorship

A

Prōpraetor

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303
Q

leather boots with heavy hobnailed soles, fastened on by straps

A

caligae

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304
Q

water clock

A

clepsydra

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305
Q

Festivals to celebrate Vesta and were unlucky for marriage

A

diēs religiōsī

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306
Q

shop where the household sold goods - usually has doors to both the house and the street

A

taberna

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307
Q

spared gladiator

A

missus gladiator

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308
Q

thrown into crowd as good luck symbol in the dēductiō

A

unlit torch

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309
Q

green

A

prasina

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310
Q

curule seat with curved legs of ivory, could be folded up

A

sella curulis

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311
Q

bracelet

A

armilla

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312
Q
  • lowest throw - all the same number
A

Vulture

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313
Q

blue

A

veneta

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314
Q

master’s study - separated from ātrium by curtains (vēla/aulaea) and the peristȳlum by folding doors (valvae)

A

tablinum

315
Q

Had 2 then 6 elected annually and had 6 lictors

A

Praetors

316
Q

transport ship

A

navis oneraria

317
Q

Vestal Virgins - women who were in charge of the worship of Vesta at her temple. Vestal Virgins must be between the ages of six and ten years at choosing. If proven unchaste, a Vestal Virgin would be buried alive. Ten years to learn their duties, ten to perform them, ten to teach youths

A

Vestal Virgins

318
Q

highest throw - all different numbers (6,4,3,1)

A

Venus

319
Q

Oldest assembly

A

Comitia Cūriāta

320
Q

dressing room

A

apodyterium

321
Q

mailman

A

tabellarius

322
Q

bedroom for midday siesta

A

cubiculum diurnum

323
Q

door with one huge cylindrical hinge

A

ostium/ianua

324
Q

private games

A

munera

325
Q

broadrimmed, sombrero-like hat of foreign origin

A

petasus

326
Q

red shoe worn by curule magistrates

A

mulleus

327
Q

rows of niches

A

gradus

328
Q

little bandits - chess

A

latrunculi

329
Q

soldiers’ tents

A

tabernacula

330
Q

ribbons

A

vittae/taeniae/fasciolae

331
Q

Marriage vow meaning “when you are Gaius, I am Gaia”

A

ubi/quandō tū Gāius, ego Gāia

332
Q

eagle - the standard of the legion made of silver or bronze mounted on a pole carried by the aquilifer.

A

aquila

333
Q

honey water

A

mulsa

334
Q

sundial brought from Greece in 268 BC

A

solarium

335
Q

power of pater familias over entire family

A

patria potestās

336
Q

tubes cut in half lengthways for covering flanges on the sides of the tegulae

A

imbrices

337
Q

Unlucky time for marriage

A

All of May to first half of June

338
Q

a machine for hurling heavy stones and blocks of wood

A

ballista

339
Q

Elected 4 then 10 annually

A

Quaestors

340
Q

plural haruspicēs - priest who interpreted entrails of sacrificed animals

A

haruspex

341
Q

luxurious traveling cart with a bed

A

carruca

342
Q

heavy, two edged sword

A

gladius

343
Q

watchmen, firemen, policemen

A

vigiles

344
Q

circular loaves of bread

A

panes

345
Q

chariot races

A

ludi circenses

346
Q

sister

A

soror

347
Q

artillery

A

tormenta

348
Q

daughter

A

filia

349
Q

front line of the stage

A

proscaenium/proscenium

350
Q

fiancee: betrothed woman

A

spōnsa

351
Q

Marriage vow meaning “when you are Gaius, I am Gaia”

A

ubi/quandō tū Gāius, ego Gāia

352
Q

bright dinner garment worn to banquets

A

synthesis

353
Q

large open courtyard surrounded by columns

A

peristylium

354
Q

knobs on ends of umbilicus

A

cornua

355
Q

In charge of festivals and games

A

Aediles

356
Q

fought in a war chariot

A

essedarius

357
Q

narrow passage for carrying the dead

A

porta Libitinensis

358
Q

military password used to get into the camp

A

tessera

359
Q

Could veto any legislation

A

tribūnus plēbis (Tribune of the Plebs)

360
Q

a battleship propelled by oars and sails

A

navis longa

361
Q

refers to when a soldier was wearing his sarcīna

A

impeditus

362
Q

Relation through males

A

agnātiō

363
Q

Elected by the Senate for 1-6 months usually

A

Dictator

364
Q

starting gate

A

porta pompae

365
Q

chariot driver (usually a freedman or slave)

A

auriga

366
Q

a squad of 300 equitēs

A

ala

367
Q

centurions and captains - noncommissioned plebeian officers who were experienced on the battlefield

A

centuriones

368
Q

legates / staff officers - next in rank to dux

A

legati

369
Q

red

A

russata

370
Q

butcher

A

carnifex

371
Q

spared gladiator

A

missus gladiator

372
Q

bathrobe, robe worn after exercise

A

endromis

373
Q

In charge of public works and markets

A

Aediles

374
Q

Term for male marriage: meaning to marry or literally to lead into matrimony

A

in mātrimōnium dūcere

375
Q

door with one huge cylindrical hinge

A

ostium/ianua

376
Q

columns of niches

A

ordines

377
Q

ending gate

A

porta triumphalis

378
Q

a woolen cloak for severe weather which can also be used as a blanket

A

sagum

379
Q

garden tomb

A

cepotaphium

380
Q

fiance: betrothed man

A

spōnsus

381
Q

foot stool used to reach the bed

A

scamnum

382
Q

Elected the Plebeian Aediles and Tribune of the Plebs

A

concilium plēbis

383
Q

honey wine

A

mulsum

384
Q

Controlled state religion

A

Pontifex Maximus

385
Q

Commanded the army

A

Consuls

386
Q

shoe maker

A

sutor

387
Q

Regulated calendar

A

Pontifex Maximus

388
Q

a tenth of an āla - 30 men

A

turma

389
Q

chalked-white toga worn by candidates running for office

A

toga candida

390
Q

Awarded contracts

A

Censors

391
Q

supper

A

merenda/vesperna

392
Q

strongbox or chest kept in the tablīnum

A

arca

393
Q

Carried the fasces

A

Lictōrēs (lictors)

394
Q

appetizer

A

gustatio

395
Q

large swimming pool open to the sky and surrounded by porticos

A

natatio

396
Q

leather breastplate with metal bands

A

lorica

397
Q

dining room with three couches - customary to have several for the change of seasons

A

triclinium

398
Q

boot worn by soldiers

A

caliga

399
Q

military tribune - six to a legion

A

tribuni militum

400
Q

light catapult for hurling stones and darts

A

scorpio

401
Q

innkeeper

A

caupo

402
Q

lunch

A

prandium

403
Q

couch or bed

A

lectus

404
Q

underwear

A

subligaculum

405
Q

Minimum age was 27 then 30

A

Quaestors

406
Q

Chose Consuls, Censors, and Praetors

A

comitia centuriāta

407
Q

Extended praetorship

A

Prōpraetor

408
Q

open courtyard between the street and the door to the house

A

vestibulum

409
Q

soldiers’ tents

A

tabernacula

410
Q

olive oil

A

oleum/olivum

411
Q

grandfather

A

avus

412
Q

sandal or slipper worn only indoors except during meals

A

solea

413
Q

priest of Jupiter

A

flamen dialis

414
Q

fruits

A

mala

415
Q

had a helmet with a fish crest

A

murmillo

416
Q

knight’s tunic

A

tunica angusti clavi

417
Q

pontiffs - had overall control of the state religion

A

pontifices

418
Q

Samnites often pinned against Thracians

A

hoplomachi

419
Q

passage between the ātrium and the peristȳlum - avoids the tablīnum in order to give the master privacy

A

andron

420
Q

knucklebones of a sheep or goat - five are thrown and caught on the back of the hand kind of like jacks - also used to refer to dice

A

tali

421
Q

knight’s tunic

A

tunica angusti clavi

422
Q

dinner

A

cena

423
Q

taking of bride to house of the husband; husband carried bride over the threshold to prevent tripping

A

dēductiō

424
Q

main room or center of the house

A

atrium

425
Q

cart used for baggage, slaves, and also to carry spoils in triumph

A

petoritum

426
Q

refers to when a soldier was not wearing his sarcīna

A

expeditus

427
Q

banquet for gladiators day before exhibition

A

cena libera

428
Q

Vestal Virgins - women who were in charge of the worship of Vesta at her temple. Vestal Virgins must be between the ages of six and ten years at choosing. If proven unchaste, a Vestal Virgin would be buried alive. Ten years to learn their duties, ten to perform them, ten to teach youths

A

Vestal Virgins

429
Q

baggage that followed the legion, carried on pack animals or wagons - food, etra weapons, clothing, artillery, tools, etc.

A

impedimenta

430
Q

2 elected annually and were half of total aediles. Were elected by Plebeians

A

aedīlis plēbis (plebeian aedile)

431
Q

dice-box from which the dice were thrown

A

fritillus

432
Q

a third of a turma - 10 men

A

decuria

433
Q

apricot

A

malum Armeniacum

434
Q

small strip of paper with the name of the work attached to the knob

A

titulus

435
Q

Maintained public records

A

Quaestors

436
Q

fruits

A

mala

437
Q

Regulated calendar

A

Pontifex Maximus

438
Q

Controlled morals

A

Censors

439
Q

shawl

A

palla

440
Q

large and heavy, four-wheeled cart with either two or four horses

A

raeda

441
Q

Implemented legislation

A

Consuls

442
Q

lifting of a child/acknowledging the child

A

susceptiō

443
Q

fiance: betrothed man

A

spōnsus

444
Q

heavy woolen cloak

A

abolla

445
Q

formal oration given by the oldest son of the deceased

A

conclamatio

446
Q

checkers

A

calculi

447
Q

eagle - the standard of the legion made of silver or bronze mounted on a pole carried by the aquilifer.

A

aquila

448
Q

Supervised public land

A

Censors

449
Q

priests present in dealings with foreign nations and were particularly concerned with the rituals involved in declaring war and making treaties

A

fetiales

450
Q

Elected Curule Aediles, Quaestors, and the Pontifex Maximus

A

comitia tribūta

451
Q

Roman lamp that used oil

A

lucerna

452
Q

gold

A

aurea

453
Q

places for burning bodies and where ashes were collected and dried

A

ustrina

454
Q

February 13-21 and bad time for marriage

A

diēs parentālēs

455
Q

Took censuses of property, kept a register of citizens, controlled morals, supervised public land, decided on construction

A

Censors

456
Q

Man whose ancestors did not hold office/consulship

A

novus homō

457
Q

wings (had no door between it and the ātrium) on either side of the ātrium that might contain the imaginēs, or wax busts of the family’s ancestors

A

alae

458
Q

front line of the stage

A

proscaenium/proscenium

459
Q

colored or painted toga worn by triumphant generals

A

toga picta

460
Q

fiancee: betrothed woman

A

spōnsa

461
Q

People with the same nomen. Common male ancestor

A

gēns

462
Q

four sided dice that lacked the numbers 2 and 5

A

tesserae (aleae)

463
Q

brooch or pin used by women to keep a tunic in place

A

fibula

464
Q

the main column of legionary troops

A

agmen

465
Q

In charge of festivals and games

A

Aediles

466
Q

mill

A

mola

467
Q

room inclosed in a building for burying the dead

A

sepulc(h)rum

468
Q

father

A

pater

469
Q

strongbox or chest kept in the tablīnum

A

arca

470
Q

red shoe worn by curule magistrates

A

mulleus

471
Q

rookie gladiator

A

tiro

472
Q

passage or entrance to the ātrium

A

fauces

473
Q

chair with a curved back and no arms

A

cathedra

474
Q

Term for male marriage: meaning to marry or literally to lead into matrimony

A

in mātrimōnium dūcere

475
Q

brother

A

frater

476
Q

cupboards that could sometimes hold books

A

armaria

477
Q

large swimming pool open to the sky and surrounded by porticos

A

natatio

478
Q

betrothal: maiden family promised to male by pater familias or tutor

A

spōnsālia

479
Q

bridal tunic

A

tunica rēcta

480
Q

Oldest assembly

A

Comitia Cūriāta

481
Q

table

A

mensa

482
Q

fisher

A

piscator

483
Q

a ditch or trench dug around the camp

A

fossa

484
Q

guardian of the same gēns of underage son or unmarried daughter in pater familiās

A

tūtor

485
Q

mock naval battles

A

naumachiae

486
Q

curule seat with curved legs of ivory, could be folded up

A

sella curulis

487
Q

the vanguard consisting of scouts, cavalry squads and light armed infantrymen

A

primum agmen

488
Q

the pole about which a scroll is bound

A

umbilicus

489
Q

senatorial tunic

A

tunica lati clavi

490
Q

porridge

A

puls

491
Q

largest type of baths that had the features of the Greek gymnasia

A

thermae

492
Q

master’s study - separated from ātrium by curtains (vēla/aulaea) and the peristȳlum by folding doors (valvae)

A

tablinum

493
Q

family god

A

lar

494
Q

Kept a register of citizens

A

Censors

495
Q

Senate house

A

Cūria

496
Q

olive oil used for cosmetics

A

first pressing of olives

497
Q

olive oil used as fuel for lamps

A

third pressing of olives

498
Q

personal knapsack of a soldier

A

sarcina

499
Q

Were in charge of army’s and province’s finances

A

Quaestors

500
Q

table with three legs

A

mensa delphica

501
Q

ending gate

A

porta triumphalis

502
Q

barber

A

tonsor

503
Q

man’s toga assumed on the Liberālia when a boy turned 16

A

toga virilis

504
Q

undertaker

A

designator

505
Q

a protective screen formed by the overlapping of shields held in a tortoise-like fashion

A

testudo

506
Q

refers to when a soldier was wearing his sarcīna

A

impeditus

507
Q

fuller, laundry man

A

fullo

508
Q

priests appointed to serve particular deities

A

flamines

509
Q

pomegranate

A

malum Punicum

510
Q

taking of bride to house of the husband; husband carried bride over the threshold to prevent tripping

A

dēductiō

511
Q

public bath

A

balneum

512
Q

large basin for collecting rain water that fell from the compluvium

A

impluvium

513
Q

awnings that protected from rain or sun

A

vela

514
Q

brooch or pin used by women to keep a tunic in place

A

fibula

515
Q

funeral oration given in the forum by a public authority

A

laudatio

516
Q

large and heavy, four-wheeled cart with either two or four horses

A

raeda

517
Q

modern-style book

A

codex

518
Q

Elected Curule Aediles, Quaestors, and the Pontifex Maximus

A

comitia tribūta

519
Q

Had minimum ages of 36 and 42

A

Consuls

520
Q

wooden training sword given to gladiator

A

rudis

521
Q

power of pater familias over entire family

A

patria potestās

522
Q

dress

A

stola

523
Q

bathrobe, robe worn after exercise

A

endromis

524
Q

large basin for collecting rain water that fell from the compluvium

A

impluvium

525
Q

front door

A

ostium

526
Q

matron who brought bride and husband together

A

prōnuba

527
Q

wooden box that held scrolls

A

capsa/scrinium

528
Q

Had 24 lictors

A

Dictator

529
Q

funeral pyre

A

rogus

530
Q

leather or metal helmet often ornamented with a crest

A

galea

531
Q

table

A

mensa

532
Q

water

A

aqua

533
Q

a sarcophagus on a podium for dead bodies

A

sarcophagus

534
Q

Maintained public records

A

Quaestors

535
Q

Had 2 then 6 elected annually and had 6 lictors

A

Praetors

536
Q

auxiliary troops

A

auxilia

537
Q

legates / staff officers - next in rank to dux

A

legati

538
Q

infantry

A

pedites

539
Q

Controlled state religion

A

Pontifex Maximus

540
Q

places for burning bodies and where ashes were collected and dried

A

ustrina

541
Q

wax used to seal a letter

A

cera

542
Q

beast hunts

A

venationes

543
Q

gladiator fights

A

munera gladiatoria

544
Q

reused parchment or paper

A

palimpsestum

545
Q

hurled large arrows and javelins

A

catapulta

546
Q

Had 24 lictors

A

Dictator

547
Q

Person who completed Cursus Honorum in first year of eligibility

A

suō annō

548
Q

Oldest Assembly met as a formality

A

comitia cūriāta

549
Q

the high priest of Rome, the head of Roman state religion; he appointed and oversaw the vestal virgins.

A

pontifex maximus

550
Q

Implemented legislation

A

Consuls

551
Q

fish sauce from sturgeon or mackerel

A

garum/liquamen

552
Q

decurions - commanded the decuriae

A

decuriones

553
Q

grandmother

A

avia

554
Q

columns of niches

A

ordines

555
Q

catch, played with three people and two balls

A

trigon

556
Q

small table with one leg

A

monopodium

557
Q

chariot races

A

ludi circenses

558
Q

metal heater used to heat water in the baths

A

testudo

559
Q

a sarcophagus on a podium for dead bodies

A

sarcophagus

560
Q

infantry

A

pedites

561
Q

best bread made of pure wheat flour

A

panis siligneus

562
Q

Could veto any legislation

A

tribūnus plēbis (Tribune of the Plebs)

563
Q

fought with 2 daggers

A

dimachareus

564
Q

tax collector

A

publicanus

565
Q

conical felt cap worn by laborers and freedmen

A

pilleus

566
Q

rectangular banner or flag - standard for the auxiliaries

A

vexillum

567
Q

bathroom - always next to culina

A

latrina

568
Q

toga with a purple border worn by boys and curule magistrates

A

toga praetexta

569
Q

four-wheeled, two-horsed cart for vestals and priests

A

pilentum

570
Q

household gods

A

lares and penates

571
Q

small strip of paper with the name of the work attached to the knob

A

titulus

572
Q

wedding feast

A

cēna nūptiālis

573
Q

funeral pyre

A

rogus

574
Q

power of husband over wife

A

manus

575
Q

bracelet

A

armilla

576
Q

Person who completed Cursus Honorum in first year of eligibility

A

suō annō

577
Q

maniple - a third of a cohort

A

manipulus

578
Q

pomegranate

A

malum Punicum

579
Q

underwear

A

subligaculum

580
Q

banquet/drinking party

A

convivium

581
Q

private games

A

munera

582
Q

Awarded contracts

A

Censors

583
Q

lowest of the vultures

A

Dogs

584
Q

pronuba brought their right hands together

A

dextrārum iūnctiō

585
Q

checkers

A

calculi

586
Q

sweat room

A

laconicum/sudatorium

587
Q

dining couches in triclinium

A

lecti tricliniares

588
Q

empty tomb

A

cenotaphium

589
Q

public games

A

ludi

590
Q

girdle worn around the waist

A

zona/cingulum

591
Q

Man whose ancestors did not hold office/consulship

A

novus homō

592
Q

back or side door

A

posticum

593
Q

large open courtyard surrounded by columns

A

peristylium

594
Q

quick, light, two-wheeled, two-horsed, uncovered cart

A

cisium

595
Q

death bed

A

lectus funebris

596
Q

Bundle of rods surrounding an axe being a symbol of power

A

fascēs

597
Q

standard of a cohort or maniple carried by the signifer.

A

signum

598
Q

bedroom for midday siesta

A

cubiculum diurnum

599
Q

naming ceremony 8 days after daughter’s birth 9 days after son’s

A

diēs lustricus

600
Q

heavy woolen cloak

A

abolla

601
Q

wings (had no door between it and the ātrium) on either side of the ātrium that might contain the imaginēs, or wax busts of the family’s ancestors

A

alae

602
Q

a tenth of a legion

A

cohors

603
Q

spirits of the dead

A

manes

604
Q

conical, pointy hat worn by the flāminēs

A

apex

605
Q

Presided over concilium plēbis

A

tribūnus plēbis (Tribune of the Plebs)

606
Q

messenger

A

nuntius

607
Q

girdle worn around the waist

A

zona/cingulum

608
Q

mill

A

mola

609
Q

regular tied shoe mde of leather always worn with the toga

A

calceus

610
Q

the four “watches” into which the night was divided

A

vigilae

611
Q

wax used to seal a letter

A

cera

612
Q

banker

A

argentarius

613
Q

twelve tables - backgammon

A

duodecem scripta

614
Q

power of pater familias over slaves and objects

A

dominica potestās

615
Q

a curved, rectangular shield

A

scutum

616
Q

In charge of adoption, succession, and testament

A

Pontifex Maximus

617
Q

residence of the pontifex maximus

A

regia

618
Q

boundary line for city of Roman within which no one could be buried

A

pomerium

619
Q

sundial brought from Greece in 268 BC

A

solarium

620
Q

Administered public buildings

A

Aediles

621
Q

Had supreme authority over government

A

Dictator

622
Q

fold in a toga used as a pocket

A

sinus

623
Q

fought with a net (rēte) and trident (fuscina)

A

retiarius

624
Q

chair with a curved back and no arms

A

cathedra

625
Q

hot water tank

A

alveus

626
Q

bathroom - always next to culina

A

latrina

627
Q

1 elected every 18 months or 5 years

A

Censors

628
Q

Days the Underworld was open and marriage was unlucky

A

August 24, October 5, November 8

629
Q

dramatic performances in a theater

A

ludi scaenici

630
Q

a third of a turma - 10 men

A

decuria

631
Q

black wool toga worn at funerals by mourners

A

toga pulla

632
Q

kitchen

A

culina

633
Q

tool used to scrape the body

A

strigil

634
Q

commanding officer or general - after his first important victory he became imperātor (the commander-in-chief)

A

dux

635
Q

the vanguard consisting of scouts, cavalry squads and light armed infantrymen

A

primum agmen

636
Q

shop where the household sold goods - usually has doors to both the house and the street

A

taberna

637
Q

dining room with three couches - customary to have several for the change of seasons

A

triclinium

638
Q

hurled large arrows and javelins

A

catapulta

639
Q

priests present in dealings with foreign nations and were particularly concerned with the rituals involved in declaring war and making treaties

A

fetiales

640
Q

scribe

A

scriba

641
Q

prisons - starting gates - like stables where the chariot drivers waiting for the race to begin

A

carceres

642
Q

boot worn by soldiers

A

caliga

643
Q

chariot racing companies

A

factiones

644
Q

backbone - the center part of the circus

A

spinae

645
Q

Served under governors and generals

A

Quaestors

646
Q

reed pen

A

calamus

647
Q

bright dinner garment worn to banquets

A

synthesis

648
Q

strips of woolen cloth

A

fasciae

649
Q

wooden training sword given to gladiator

A

rudis

650
Q

metal heater used to heat water in the baths

A

testudo

651
Q

commanding officer or general - after his first important victory he became imperātor (the commander-in-chief)

A

dux

652
Q

four sided dice that lacked the numbers 2 and 5

A

tesserae (aleae)

653
Q

Formed after secession of the Plebeians

A

tribūnus plēbis (Tribune of the Plebs)

654
Q

shawl

A

palla

655
Q

Elected 4 then 10 annually

A

Quaestors

656
Q

a tenth of a legion

A

cohors

657
Q

9 PM to 12 midnight

A

secunda vigilia

658
Q

People with same cognomen

A

stirps

659
Q

a woolen cloak for severe weather which can also be used as a blanket

A

sagum

660
Q

catch, played with three people and two balls

A

trigon

661
Q

Kept rolls of senators

A

Censors

662
Q

a machine for hurling heavy stones and blocks of wood

A

ballista

663
Q

bench for multiple people

A

subsellium

664
Q

12 midnight to 3 AM

A

tertia vigilia

665
Q

rookie gladiator

A

tiro

666
Q

funeral songs or poems

A

neniae/naeniae

667
Q

back or side door

A

posticum

668
Q

century - half a maniple - 60 men (100 originally)

A

centuria

669
Q

bridal tunic

A

tunica rēcta

670
Q

head of the family, oldest male

A

pater familias

671
Q

wedding feast

A

cēna nūptiālis

672
Q

dinner

A

cena

673
Q
  • augurs - elected for life only priests authorized to take the auspices (read and interpret signs from the gods to find out if a proposed course of action had divine approval. Signs from the gods mostly by observing the flight patterns of wild birds or the feeding habits of captive birds such as chickens. Auspices were taken before any major event, such as a voyage or battle
A

augures

674
Q

full seven lap race around the circus

A

missus chariot

675
Q

thread for sealing a letter

A

linum

676
Q

one lap around the circus

A

curriculum

677
Q

urn/jar

A

olla

678
Q

largest type of baths that had the features of the Greek gymnasia

A

thermae

679
Q

two-wheeled, two-horsed cart for vestals and priests

A

carpentum

680
Q

In charge of Vestal Virgins and college of Pontiffs

A

Pontifex Maximus

681
Q

fought wild animals

A

bestiarius

682
Q

pronuba brought their right hands together

A

dextrārum iūnctiō

683
Q

best bread made of pure wheat flour

A

panis siligneus

684
Q

great delicacy

A

dormouse

685
Q

plough twice

A

aratrum

686
Q

currant

A

malum Corinthum

687
Q

matron who brought bride and husband together

A

prōnuba

688
Q

dressing room

A

apodyterium

689
Q

cold room

A

frigidarium

690
Q

bride’s tunic

A

tunica recta

691
Q

unwelcome guests

A

umbrae

692
Q

chariot driver (usually a freedman or slave)

A

auriga

693
Q

mock sale marriage involving dowry

A

coēmptiō

694
Q

Adoption of pater familias usually because extinction

A

adrogātiō

695
Q

ring

A

anulus

696
Q

Formed after secession of the Plebeians

A

tribūnus plēbis (Tribune of the Plebs)

697
Q

formal oration given by the oldest son of the deceased

A

conclamatio

698
Q

fold in a toga used as a pocket

A

sinus

699
Q

light catapult for hurling stones and darts

A

scorpio

700
Q

watchmen, firemen, policemen

A

vigiles

701
Q

In charge of the treasury

A

Quaestors

702
Q

lifting of a child/acknowledging the child

A

susceptiō

703
Q

fisher

A

piscator

704
Q

6 PM to 9 PM

A

prīma vigilia

705
Q

artillery

A

tormenta

706
Q

awnings that protected from rain or sun

A

vela

707
Q

footpaths or sidewalks

A

semitae/margines

708
Q

heavy, two edged sword

A

gladius

709
Q

twelve tables - backgammon

A

duodecem scripta

710
Q

the stage for actors

A

scaena/scena

711
Q

public bath

A

balneum

712
Q

exercise courtyard (mainly for boxers and wrestlers)

A

palaestra

713
Q

Kept a register of citizens

A

Censors

714
Q

butcher

A

carnifex

715
Q

2 were elected every year and had 12 lictors

A

Consuls

716
Q

tubes cut in half lengthways for covering flanges on the sides of the tegulae

A

imbrices

717
Q

funeral oration given in the forum by a public authority

A

laudatio

718
Q

plebeian marriage without manus

A

ūsus

719
Q

drinks

A

potus

720
Q

dessert

A

secunda mensa

721
Q

stool for one person

A

sella

722
Q

Governor of a province

A

Prōcōnsul

723
Q

choicest of all meals

A

Pork

724
Q

thread for sealing a letter

A

linum

725
Q

the four “watches” into which the night was divided

A

vigilae

726
Q

standard of a cohort or maniple carried by the signifer.

A

signum

727
Q

Served under governors and generals

A

Quaestors

728
Q

hot water tank

A

alveus

729
Q

small bedroom or sleeping quarter

A

cubiculum nocturnum/dormitorium

730
Q

Presided over concilium plēbis

A

tribūnus plēbis (Tribune of the Plebs)

731
Q

main course

A

fercula

732
Q

Relation through males

A

agnātiō

733
Q

Unlucky time for marriage

A

All of May to first half of June

734
Q

a curved, rectangular shield

A

scutum

735
Q

blood relation

A

cognātiō

736
Q

white

A

albata

737
Q

fought blindfolded

A

andabata

738
Q

Minimum age of 36

A

Aediles

739
Q

Unlucky days for marriage

A

Kalends, Nones, Ides and days after

740
Q

marble above the nich with the name of the dead

A

titulus

741
Q

2 elected annually and were half of total aediles. Were elected by Plebeians

A

aedīlis plēbis (plebeian aedile)

742
Q

clothes that are put on

A

indutus

743
Q

olive oil used for cosmetics

A

first pressing of olives

744
Q

power of pater familias over slaves and objects

A

dominica potestās

745
Q

bitter funeral funeral for the death of small children

A

funus acerbum

746
Q

subrectangular slightly tapered tiles for roofing

A

tegulae

747
Q

water

A

aqua

748
Q

fought with a lasso (laqueus)

A

laqeuator/laqueaerius

749
Q

auxiliary troops

A

auxilia

750
Q

mock sale marriage involving dowry

A

coēmptiō

751
Q

appetizer

A

gustatio

752
Q

banker

A

argentarius

753
Q

garden tomb

A

cepotaphium

754
Q

Presided over the senate

A

Consuls

755
Q

Bundle of rods surrounding an axe being a symbol of power

A

fascēs

756
Q

warm room

A

tepidarium

757
Q

1 elected every 18 months or 5 years

A

Censors

758
Q

right to kiss

A

iūs ōsculī

759
Q

cold room

A

frigidarium

760
Q

Elected by the Senate for 1-6 months usually

A

Dictator

761
Q

two-wheeled, two-horsed cart for vestals and priests

A

carpentum

762
Q

purple

A

purpurea

763
Q

thrown into crowd as good luck symbol in the dēductiō

A

unlit torch

764
Q

guardian of the same gēns of underage son or unmarried daughter in pater familiās

A

tūtor

765
Q

clothes that are wrapped around

A

amictus

766
Q

Governor of a province

A

Prōcōnsul

767
Q

slave who rubbed oil, scraped it off, and handed the bather his towel

A

capsārius

768
Q

3 AM to 6 AM

A

quarta vigilia

769
Q

seal used to enclose a letter

A

signum

770
Q

plough twice

A

aratrum

771
Q

mother

A

mater

772
Q

had short shield (parma) & grieves on both legs

A

thrax

773
Q

wooden box that held scrolls

A

capsa/scrinium

774
Q

apricot

A

malum Armeniacum

775
Q

had a helmet with a fish crest

A

murmillo

776
Q

wine

A

vinum

777
Q

12 midnight to 3 AM

A

tertia vigilia

778
Q

residence of the pontifex maximus

A

regia

779
Q

man’s toga assumed on the Liberālia when a boy turned 16

A

toga virilis

780
Q

highest throw - all different numbers (6,4,3,1)

A

Venus

781
Q

Decided on construction

A

Censors

782
Q

choicest of all meals

A

Pork

783
Q

camp - built after a day’s march for retreat - rectangular in shape

A

castra

784
Q

Minimum age was 27 then 30

A

Quaestors

2024-2025 National Online Contests (4 decks)

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