NRCE Roman History Flashcards
What city did Honorius establish as his capital in the West?
Ravenna
What did Brennus say when the Romans complained about false weights on the scale for his ransom money?
Vae Victis (“Woe to the Conquered”)
Whose Numidian cavalry assisted Scipio Africanus in defeating Hannibal at Zama in 202 BC?
Massinissa
Who was the victorious Roman general at the Pydna in 168 BC?
Aemilius Paullus
What monument commemorates Trajan’s conquest of Dacia?
Trajan’s Column
Which emperor was called “manus ad ferrum” for his strict discipline?
Aurelian
What is an aedile?
official in charge of public entertainment
Who was the wife of Domitian?
Domitia
Who stopped the Catilinarian conspiracy during his consulship in 63 BC?
Cicero
Where was the Tarpeian rock located?
Capitoline Hill
Who crucified 6000 slaves along the Via Appia after the rebellion of Spartacus?
Pompey
At what battle in 260 BC did the Rome win its first major naval battle against the Carthaginians?
Mylae
Who said “don’t disturb my circles” referring to his drawings in the sand when Roman soldiers came to kill him?
Archimedes
What two brothers defeated Antiochus III at Magnesia in 190 BC?
Publius & Lucius Scipio
Which diety’s cult did Servius Tullius establish on the Aventine hill?
Diana
What were the years of the Second Macedonian War?
200-196 BC
What title did Aurelian earn for defeating Tetricus?
Restitutor Orbis
What grandson of Julia Maesa from 218-222 AD?
Elagabalus
In what year was Carthage completely destroyed?
146 BC
Which king was deified as the god Quirinus after his death?
Romulus
What religious group did Nero persecute?
Christians
What treaty from 226 BC did the Carthaginians break by attacking Saguntum?
Ebro River Treaty
Who committed a devotio at Sentinum which spurred the Romans on to victory?
Decius Mus
At what battle in 48 BC did Caesar defeat Pompey and put him to flight?
Pharsalus
What statesman was referred to as “the consience of Rome”?
Cato the Younger
What colony did Gaius Gracchus propose establishing on the site of Carthage?
Iunonia
What tribe did Coriolanus lead against the Romans?
Volsci
At what battle in 315 BC was Fabius Rullianus defeated by the Samnites?
Lautulae
What horse did Caligula name a senator?
Incitatus
What statesman routinely opposed Julius Caesar and fought for the death penalty for Catiline and his co-conspirators?
Cato the Younger
How many Sibylline books were there originally?
9
What Roman commander was defeated by the Samnites at Lautulae in 315 BC?
Fabius Rullianus
What king of Pergamum appealed to Rome for help against Philip V in 200 BC?
Attalus I
Who was defeated at the Pharsalus by Caesar in 48 BC?
Pompey
What Roman dictator was known as “the delayer”?
Quintus Fabius Maximus Cunctator
Who alerted Marcus Manlius that the Gauls were climbing the Capitoline Hill?
sacred Geese of Juno
What unique power did tribunes have?
power to veto legislation
Which emperor reigned from 253-268 AD?
Gallienus
How many times did Marius serve as consul?
7
Who did Sulla defeat in a struggle for supremacy in Rome?
Marius
What emperor attended lectures on Plotinus with his wife Salonina?
Gallienus
What were the years of Maximinus Thrax’s reign?
235-238 AD
Who committed suicide rather than being pardoned by Caesar after he was defeated at Thapsus?
Cato the Younger
In what year did Hannibal defeat 80,000 Romans at Cannae?
216 BC
What dynasty ruled from 69-96 AD?
Flavian
In what year did Caesar defeat Pharnaces II at Zela?
47 BC
Which emperor succeded Julian the Apostate?
Jovian
What war did the Romans fight from 218-202 BC?
Second Punic War
Who was the only emperor to make it past 69 AD?
Vespasian
Where did Theodosius massacre a crowd to avenge the murder of his general?
Thessalonica
What group was legally recognized by the Lex Titia of 43 BC?
Second Triumvirate
Which emperor moved the Western capital to Ravenna?
Honorius
When did the officially empire begin?
27 BC
Where did Jugurtha fight alongside the Romans led by Scipio Aemilianus?
Numantia
What ruler of Pontus fought three wars intending to overthrow Roman influence in the Eastern Mediterranean?
Mithridates VI
At what event in 196 BC did Flamininus declare the freedom and independence of all the Greek states?
Isthmian Games
What were the years of Macrinus’ reign?
217-218 AD
What happened to Tarpeia’s body after she was killed by the Sabines?
thrown from the “Tarpeian” rock
Who was a famous censor in 312 BC?
Appius Claudius Caecus
What honor was bestowed on Caesar when he returned to Rome from Spain?
dictator for life
What were the years of Domitian’s reign?
81-96 AD
Who was given the Senatus Consultum Ultimum to kill Gaius Gracchus?
Lucius Opimius
In what year did Marius defeat the Cimbri at Vercellae?
101 BC
Which emperor was defeated at the Second Battle of Bedriacum in 69 AD
Vitellius
At what battle in 378 AD was the emperor Valens captured by Fritigern and the Goths?
Adrianople
What Roman general defeat Pyrrhus at Beneventum in 275 BC?
Curius Dentatus
What was Cicero’s full name?
Marcus Tullius Cicero
In what year was Crassus killed at Carrhae while fighting the Parthians?
53 BC
What does “Cynoscephalae” mean?
Dog’s Heads
What province is Trajan best known for conquering?
Dacia
Which unpopular emperor said “oderint dum probent”?
Tiberius
What were the Decemviri appointed to do?
create a code of laws
Which emperor built a wall just north of Hadrian’s in Britain?
Antoninus Pius
What was the capital of the Eastern empire?
Constantinople
What does “alea iacta est” mean?
the die is cast
Whom did Caesar defeat at Pharsalus in 48 BC?
Pompey
How long did it take for Cincinnatus to defeat the Aequi?
16 days
What is the full name of Flamininus?
Titus Quinctius Flamininus
What is a quaestor?
a treasurer
In what year did Julius Caesar die?
44 BC
Who built a road from Rome to Capua which helped the Romans win the 2nd Samnite War?
Appius Claudius Caecus
What was the year 69 AD known as?
Year of the Four Emperors
Which emperor moved the official capital of the empire to Byzantium?
Constantine
The 2nd Samnite War was fought over a dispute at what city?
Neapolis (Naples)
How many censors served at once?
2
What were the years of Valens’ reign?
364-378 AD
What three word phrase does the poet Ovid cite as the reason for his exile?
carmen et error
Who did Didius Julianus outbid for the imperial throne?
Sulpicianus
What were the beginning and ending years of the Monarchy?
753-509 BC
What settlement did Ancus Marcius establish where the Tiber meets the Mediterranean?
Ostia
For which emperor did Stilicho serve as a regent?
Honorius
What name did Julian receive for trying to restore Pagan worship throughout the empire?
the Apostate
Who replaced Sejanus as Praetorian Prefect?
Macro
In what year did Flamininus declare freedom and independence for all the Greek states at the Isthmian Games?
196 BC
What did Tarpeia hope she would receive when she asked the Sabine soldiers for the gold they bore on their arms?
gold bracelets
What British queen led a large rebellion against Nero?
Boudicca
Who was the first king of Rome?
Romulus
Which political party was Caesar a member of?
Populares
Who bequeathed his kingdom of Pergamum to the Romans in 133 BC?
Attalus III
What type of tree did Lucullus bring from the East to Italy?
cherry tree
Who defeated Vercingetorix and the Gauls at Alesia in 52 BC?
Julius Caesar
At what battle in 190 BC did the Romans defeat Antiochus III and earn its last notable naval victory over a foreign fleet?
Myonessus
Who pretended to be a slow-witted man, but lept into action to help Collatinus overthrow the Tarquins?
(Lucius) Junius Brutus
Whp was the husband of Lucretia?
Collatinus
At what battle in 275 BC did the Romans defeat Pyrrhus?
Maleventum / Beneventum
What of 43 BC legallized the Second Triumvirate for 5 years?
Lex Titia
In what year did Pompey serve as Rome’s only consul?
52 BC
What were the years of Arcadius’ reign in the East?
395-408 AD
What war did the Romans fight from 200-196 BC?
Second Macedonian War
In what two ways did Romulus expand Rome’s population?
(1) offering asylum to outlaws on the Capitoline & (2) rape of the Sabine women
What river in northern Italy were generals not allowed to lead their army across without the permission of the Senate?
Rubicon
What river did Caesar lead his army across in 49 BC?
Rubicon
What Roman admiral defeated Carthage at the Aegates Islands and ended the First Punic War?
Lutatius Catulus
Who was the wife of Hadrian?
Sabina
What is the alternate name of the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus?
Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus
Which dynasty reigned from 193-235 AD?
Severans
Where was Trajan born?
Spain
Which emperor was murdered along with his mother Julia Mamaea by the Praetorian Guard?
Severus Alexander
What were the years of Philip the Arab’s reign?
244-249 AD
From 82-73 BC who led a resistance against the Sullan government in Spain?
Sertorius
What poisonous food was said to have killed Claudius?
mushrooms
What Roman dictator was known as “the shield of Rome”?
Quintus Fabius Maximus Cunctator
What temple did Postumius build after the Lake Regillus?
Temple of Castor & Pollux
At what battle of 43 BC did the consuls Hirtius and Pansa attempt to rescue Decimus Brutus who was under siege from Marc Antony?
Mutina
What war was a minor conflict in the vicinity of Capua from 343-341 BC?
First Samnite War
Which emperor reign from 54-68 AD?
Nero
What is the term for the standard order of the offices?
Cursus Honorum
What did Constantine rename Byzantium?
Constantinople
What Gallic chieftain sacked Rome in 390 BC?
Brennus
What Roman, noted for his austerity and refusal to accept bribes, was the most famous to oppose Pyrrhus?
Fabricius
At what battle in 241 BC did the Romans defeat the Carthaginians and end the First Punic War?
Aegates Islands
What sign of complete surrender did the Samnites force upon the Romans after the Caudine Forks?
walk under the yoke
Where did Caesar go for his proconsulship?
Cisalpine Gaul
What admiral of Nero’s fleet beat Agrippina the Younger to death?
Anicetus
Who famously said “Caesar’s wife must be above suspicion”?
Caesar
What was the chief port city of Rome?
Ostia
What festival was Clodius Pulcher caught sneaking into at Caesar’s house in 62 BC?
Bona Dea
At what battle of 40 BC did Octavian capture Fulvia and Lucius Antony?
Perusia
Which political party was Sulla a member of?
Optimates
Which emperor was the father of Gallienus?
Valerian
What ambassador of Pyrrhus called the Roman senate an “assembly of kings”?
Cineas
Name all 5 Severan emperors.
Septimius Severus, Geta, Caracalla, Macrinus, Elagabalus, Severus Alexander
Which emperor named his horse Incitatus a senator?
Caligula
In what year did Augustus receive imperium from the Senate?
27 BC
What is the alternate name for the Flavian Amphitheater?
Colosseum
What were the years of Gordian III’s reign?
238-244 AD
Who did Romulus defeat to win the first Spolia Opima?
Acron
What were the years of Commodus’ reign?
180-192 AD
What were the years of Titus’ reign?
79-81 AD
What Roman general was defeated by Hannibal at Lake Trasimene in 217 BC?
Flaminius
Which Tetrarch was the father of Constantine?
Constantius Chlorus
What were the years of Aurelian’s reign?
270-275 AD
In what year did Julius Caesar serve as aedile?
68 BC
What Sicilian city did Marcellus capture in 211 BC?
Syracuse
Who saved his father in battle at the Ticinus River in 218 BC?
Scipio Africanus
Which emperor was strangled in his bath?
Commodus
What did Cincinnatus do after defeating the Aequi?
returned to his plow
What was the ancient name of Portugal?
Lusitania
In what year did Marius defeat the Teutones at Aquae Sextiae?
102 BC
How many emperors were there in 69 AD?
4
Which emperor from Thrace reigned from 235-238 AD?
Maximinus Thrax
Which emperor reigned from 96-98 AD?
Nerva
What cities were buried by the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius?
Pompeii & Herculaneum
What war began when Andriscus pretended to be the son of Perseus of Macedon and unite the independent republics?
Fourth Macedonian War
Which emperor said on his deathbed “vae, puto, deus fio”?
Vespasian
What did the Sibyl do each time Tarquinius Superbus refused to pay the price for the Sibylline books?
burned 3 of them
Who became the first two consuls?
(Lucius) Junius Brutus & Collatinus
What does “Scaevola” mean?
Left-Handed / Lefty
Whose speeches against Philip II of Macedon were Cicero’s Philippics modeled on?
Demosthenes
Who was the victorious Roman general at the Cynoscephalae?
Flamininus
When did the Eastern Roman empire fall?
1453
In what year did Constantine eliminate his rival Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge?
312 AD
Who were the two sons of Vespasian?
Titus & Domitian
Which emperor was responsible for the recovery of the legionary standards lost by Crassus at Carrhae in 53 BC?
Augustus
In what year were there six emperors?
238 AD
Which political party appealed to popular interests in Rome?
Populares
At what battle in 321 BC did the Samnite force a Roman army to walk under the yoke?
Caudine Forks
What edict of 313 AD officially recognized Christianity as the offical state religion?
Edict of Milan
With what city did Tiberius Gracchus negotiate for the release of 20,000 Roman soldiers in 137 BC?
Numantia
Against whom did Rome fight the Social War?
her Latin allies
In 68 AD who led a rebellion against Nero?
Vindex
What group included Lepidus, Octavian, and Marc Antony?
Second Triumvirate
What Roman was captured after the Bagradas Valley?
Regulus
Who earned the cognomen “Uticensis” for his fair administration in Utica during the Civil Wars?
Cato the Younger
In what year were three Roman legions completely destroyed in the Teutoberg Forest by Arminius and the Germans?
9 AD
What significant event happened during Philip the Arab’s reign?
Rome’s 1000th anniversary
Which emperor married Faustina the Younger?
Marcus Aurelius
What war did the Romans fight from 215-205 BC?
First Macedonian War
Which king built the Pons Sublicius, the first bridge across the Tiber?
Ancus Marcius
What did Cornelia call her sons Tiberius & Gaius Gracchus?
her jewels
What Persian king captured Valerian at Edessa in 260 AD?
Shapur
What famous phrase did Caesar reportedly say after the battle of Zela?
veni, vidi, vici
Who won the Spolia Opima by defeating Viridomarus in single combat at Clastidium in 222 BC?
Marcellus
What regent did Honorius eventually execute because of suspicion?
Stilicho
Which emperor was murdered by his butler Stephanus?
Domitian
What is another name for the battle of Cremona?
Bedriacum
At what battle in 222 BC did Marcellus defeat the Gallic chieftain Viridomarus to win the Spolia Opima?
Clastidium
Which emperor reigned from 14-37 AD?
Tiberius
What were the years of Augustus’ reign?
27 BC - 14 AD
In what year was Appius Claudius Caecus censor?
312 BC
What is a “corvus”?
grappling hook attached to a plank
What Roman general defeated and killed Hasdrubal at the Metaurus River in 207 BC?
Claudius Nero
How did Mucius Scaevola earn his cognomen?
held his left hand in a fire to show Lars Porsenna the Romans would not surrender
What Bishop of Milan did Theodosius confide in?
Ambrose
Who did Marcellus defeat in single combat to win the Spolia Opima in 222 BC?
Viridomarus
In what year did Rome annex Macedonia as a Roman province?
148 BC
Who was the first wife of Augustus?
Scribonia
What two sons of Theodosius ruled in the West and East respectively?
Honorius (West) & Arcadius (East)
What happened on the Via Scelerata?
Tullia ran over Servius Tullius’ body with a chariot
In what two years did Pompey and Crassus share the consulship?
70 BC & 55 BC
What did the Romans call the commoners?
plebeians
The assassination of what tribune in 91 BC sparked the Social War?
Livius Drusus the Younger
What is a devotio?
self-sacrifice
What were the years of Elagabalus’ reign?
218-222 AD
When was a dictator appointed?
when one or both consuls were killed
What monument in Rome commemorates Titus’ suppression of the Jewish rebellion?
Arch of Titus
Which emperor reigned from 268-270 AD?
Claudius Gothicus
By what two-word title was Trajan often addressed?
optimus princeps
From 146-141 BC who led an army of Lusitanians in resistance to the Romans?
Viriathus
Which emperor later renovated the Pantheon?
Hadrian
Who swam in his armor back to Rome after defending the Pons Sublicius from Lars Porsenna?
Horatius Cocles
Who were Nero’s two famous teachers?
Seneca and Burrus
In what year did the Romans besiege Agrigentum?
262 BC
What were the years of the Julio-Claudian dynasty?
27 BC - 68 AD
What happened to Tarpeia when she asked the Sabines for the gold on their arms?
crushed by their shields
Who was the first emperor appointed by the Senate?
Nerva
What Sicilian city did the Romans besiege in 264 BC?
Messana
Who proclaimed freedom and independence for all the Greek states at the Isthmian Games of 196 BC?
Flamininus
What is the Cloaca Maxima?
Rome’s great sewer system
What stepson of Claudius married his daughter Octavia?
Nero
What war did the Romans fight from 149-148 BC?
Fourth Macedonian War
Who snuck into the Bona Dea festival at Caesar’s house disguised as a woman?
Clodius Pulcher
In what year did Cicero become consul?
63 BC
In what year did Didius Julianus succeed Pertinax and rule briefly?
193 AD
Which emperor reigned from 98-117 AD?
Trajan
What Parthian general defeated and killed Crassus?
Surenas
At what battle in 46 BC did Caesar defeat Pompey’s sons & Cato the Younger?
Thapsus
Which emperor reigned from 217-218 AD?
Macrinus
Who was the son of Agrippina the Elder and Germanicus?
Caligula
What farmer was called from his plow to be dictator during an invasion of Aequi?
Cincinnatus
Who reportedly shouted “Varus give me back my legions” after the disaster at Teutoberg Forest?
Augustus
What ruler of the Gallic Empire did Aurelian defeat?
Tetricus
What war did the Romans fight from 298-290 BC?
Third Samnite War
What grappling hook attached to a plank did the Romans use to board enemy ships?
corvus
What were the years of Decius’ reign?
249-251 AD
Which emperor died of plague in 270 AD?
Claudius Gothicus
How did Camillus capture Veii?
tunneled under its walls
To what did Octavian change his name when he became emperor?
Augustus
Who divorced his second wife Pompeia over the Bona Dea scandal?
Julius Caesar
Which emperor built the first defensive wall in Britain to mark Rome’s territory?
Hadrian
What does “Cicero” mean?
chickpea
When Lucullus’ army mutinied, who received command against Mithridates VI?
Pompey
How many emperors ruled in 238 AD?
6
Who killed Britannicus to secure his own ascension to the imperial throne?
Nero
What were the years of the First Macedonian War?
215-205 BC
What was Quintus Fabius Maximus’ strategy against Hannibal?
stay close and harass him but avoid all out battle
While his father was emperor who put down a Jewish rebellion at Jerusalem?
Titus
What is a quinquereme?
a ship with five banks of oars
What did Archimedes shout as he ran naked through the streets of Syracuse after he discovered the principle of buoyancy?
Eureka
How many kings did Rome have altogether?
7
What where the years of Constantine’s reign?
306-337 AD
What is the rostra?
the public speaking platform in the Forum
At what 207 BC was Hasdrubal killed while trying to bring reinforcements to Hannibal in Italy?
Metaurus River
With whom did Philip V of Macedon ally before attacking Rome in 215 BC?
Hannibal
Which emperor was assassinated by Cassius Chaerea in 41 BC?
Caligula
Who captured an army of 50,000 Romans in Lusitania in 141 BC?
Viriathus
What were the years of Tiberius’ reign?
14-37 AD
What dynasty lasted from 27 BC - 68 AD?
Julio-Claudian
What were the years of Theodosius’ reign?
379-395 AD
Who was Caesar’s third wife?
Calpurnia
What does “oderint dum probent” mean?
let the hate so long as they approve
What was the ancient name of Istanbul?
Byzantium
Who was the mother of Severus Alexander?
Julia Mamaea
Why did Clodius Pulcher have Cicero exiled?
executed Catilinarian conspirators without a trial
What Roman noble was expelled from Rome and came back leading an army of Volscians?
Coriolanus
Which dynasty reigned from 96-180 AD?
Five Good Emperors
In what year was Julius Caesar born?
100 BC
Which king completed the Cloaca Maxima, Rome’s great sewer?
Tarquinius Superbus
In what year did Octavian defeat Fulvia and Lucius Antony at Perusia?
40 BC
Who was referred to as “the sword of Rome”?
Marcellus
At what battle in 312 AD did Constantine eliminate his rival Maxentius?
Milvian Bridge
What Spanish town did Scipio Aemilianus capture in 133 BC?
Numantia
Which monument in Britain was the first to mark Rome’s territory?
Hadrian’s Wall
Who recovered the standards lost by Varus in the Teuroberg Forest?
Germanicus
Which goddess’ sacred geese alerted the Romans that the Gauls were ascending the Capitoline?
Juno’s
Name the Five Good Emperors.
Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius
Which emperor reigned from 253-260 AD?
Valerian
What war did the Romans fight from 171-167 BC?
Third Macedonian War
How did the Romans combat Pyrrhus’ elephants?
used fiery missles to scare them
What were the years of Romulus Augustulus’ reign?
475-476 AD
What did Claudius Pulcher say before he threw the sacred chickens overboard when they refused to eat?
if they won’t eat, let them drink
What was the original name of Augustus?
Octavian
Which emperor famously said “festina lente”?
Augustus
At what battle in 47 BC did Caesar defeat the forces of Pharnaces II in Asia Minor?
Zela
Who reportedly said “How easily I could conquer the world, had I the Romans for soldiers, or they me for king”?
Pyrrhus
What tribe’s invasion force the Romans to appoint the farmer Cincinnatus as dictator?
Aequi
What war did the Romans fight from 192-188 BC?
Syrian War / War with Antiochus
What happened to Cicero’s head and hand after he was executed?
placed on the rostra
What is a proconsulship?
governorship of a province
Which emperor ruled from 475-476 AD in the West?
Romulus Augustulus
Which king started a settlement at Ostia where the Tiber meets the Mediterranean?
Ancus Marcius
What award was given to a general who defeated the opposing general in single combat?
Spolia Opima
How long did Caesar’s Gallic campaign last?
7 years
What upstart pretended to be the son of Perseus of Macedon and led a resistance against Rome?
Andriscus
Who was the last emperor to rule a united empire?
Theodosius
Which emperor ruled in the East from 395-408 AD?
Arcadius
What group did Gallienus and Claudius Gothicus defeat at Naissus?
Goths
What bundle of rods with an axe symbolized the imperium (power) of the king?
Fasces
Who was the third and final Roman to win the Spolia Opima?
Marcellus
Which emperor reigned from 218-222 AD?
Elagabalus
What were the years of the Third Macedonian War?
171-167 BC
Which Roman led the capure of Veii in 396 BC?
Camillus
What senate house did Tullus Hostilius build in Rome?
Curia Hostilia
What does “Mamertines” mean?
men of mars
In what year was the Edict of Milan passed, recognizing Christianity as the state religion?
313 AD
What was the full name of the Senate house in Rome?
Curia Hostilia
What was Rome’s first permanent theater?
Theater of Pompey
Who defeated the Cimbri at Vercellae in 101 BC?
Marius
Who reportedly said “qualis artifex pereo” before he had his servant plunge a sword into him?
Nero
To what Roman general did Bocchus hand over Jugurtha?
Sulla
Which officials were in charge of Rome’s finances?
quaestor
Who contended with Marius for the command in the fight against Mithridates VI?
Sulla
Who was murdered by Milo and his gang of thugs in 52 BC?
Clodius Pulcher
Who survived several assassination attempts by her son Nero?
Agrippina the Younger
In what year did the Treaty of Apamea officially end the war against Antiochus III?
188 BC
What last stronghold of Spanish resistance did the Romans capture in 133 BC?
Numantia
Which emperor reigned from 117-138?
Hadrian
At what battle in 102 BC did Marius defeat the Teutones?
Aquae Sextiae
What structure in Rome was the greatest of its kind since the one built by Servius Tullius?
Aurelian’s Wall
What were the years of Honorius’ reign in the West?
395-423 AD
Who put down the rebellion of Vindex in 68 AD?
Verginius Rufus
Which emperor reigned from 270-275 AD?
Aurelian
From what island did Tiberius rule for the last ten years of his reign?
Capri
What son of Tarquinius Superbus abused royal power by taking advantage of Lucretia, the wife of Collatinus?
Sextus Tarquinius
In what year did Attalus III bequeathe Pergamum to the Romans in his will?
133 BC
Who was the author of “Commentaries on the Gallic Wars”?
Julius Caesar
Which emperor had to deal with the rebellion of Boudicca in Britain?
Nero
At what battle in 52 BC did Caesar defeat Vercingetorix and the Gauls?
Alesia
Who said “Vae Victis” when the Romans complained about false weights on the scale used to weigh his ransom money?
Brennus
What does closing the doors of the Temple of Janus signify?
peace
What were the years of Geta’s reign?
211-212 AD
Who won the first Spolia Opima by defeating Acron?
Romulus
What were the years of the Five Good Emperors?
96-180 AD
Which emperor was reportedly killed by a bowl of poison mushrooms?
Claudius
Who was the daughter of Caesar and Cornelia?
Julia
What title did Aurelian receive for his strict discipline?
manus ad ferrum
Who was the first plebeian consul?
Lucius Sextius
At what battle in 249 BC was the Roman admiral Claudius Pulcher defeated by the Carthaginians?
Drepana
Which emperor completed the construction of the Colosseum?
Titus
Which king of Rome build the Senate house in Rome?
Tullus Hostilius
In what year did Caesar join the First Triumvirate?
60 BC
In what year did the Rome win its first major naval battle at Mylae?
260 BC
Which emperor died at Vindobona in 180 AD?
Marcus Aurelius
With whom did Romulus co-rule in order to appease the Sabines?
Titus Tatius
Which king was the son of Ocrisia who had been a prisoner of war in the court of Tarquinius Priscus?
Servius Tullius
In what year did the Aequi trap a Roman army?
458 BC
Who famously shouted “Eureka” and ran naked through the streets of Syracuse when he discovered the principle of buoyancy?
Archimedes
Name the wife and mother of Coriolanus who persuaded him to turn back from his assault.
Veturia (mother) & Volumnia (wife)
What two mythical brothers urged the Romans to victory at Lake Regillus in 496 BC?
Castor & Pollux
What did Vespasian say on his deathbed?
vae, puto, deus fio
Which officals were in charge of judicial matters?
praetor
What was Hersilia’s deified name?
Hora
Who held power during the Monarchy?
a king
Who single-handedly defended the Pons Sublicius from the assault of Lars Porsenna?
Horatius Cocles
Who was the daughter of Augustus and Scribonia?
Julia
What is the modern day name of Mediolanum?
Milan
What husband of Zenobia had been murdered despite his loyalty to Rome?
Odenaethus
Which emperor reportedly played his fiddle as he watched Rome burn?
Nero
What were the years of Valerian’s reign?
253-260 AD
How did the Five Good Emperors choose their successors?
adoption
What Syracusan engineer attempted to defend the city from the Romans?
Archimedes
Against whom did Caesar fight a civil war?
Pompey
Which king of Rome made religious reforms including the Flamines and the establishment of the Cult of Vesta in Rome?
Numa Pompilius
Who was Rome’s sole consul in 52 BC?
Pompey
Which emperor was the last person buried in the Mausoleum of Augustus?
Nerva
Which emperor succeeded Commodus and ruled briefly in 193 AD?
Pertinax
Who were the two star generals of Vitellius?
Caecina & Valens
At what battle in 168 BC did the Roman general Aemilius Paullus defeat Perseus of Macedon?
Pydna
What city hired Pyrrhus to fight the Romans?
Tarentum
What moorish cavalry commander revolted against Hadrian in 118 AD?
Lusius Quietus
What does “acta est fabula” mean?
the story is finished
After he freed a trapped army of 50,000 Romans in return for peace, what Lusitanian shepherd was killed by three traitors?
Viriathus
What city in Spain did Scipio Africanus capture in 209 BC?
Carthago Nova
At what battle in 295 BC did Decius Mus spur the Romans to victory by commiting a devotio?
Sentinum
Which temple did Tarquinius Superbus complete on the Capitoline?
Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus / Capitolinus
In what year did Marcellus defeat Viridomarus at Clastidium and win the Spolia Opima?
222 BC
Who brought a sun god from Emesa to Rome?
Elagabalus
What Carthaginian negotiated the Ebro River Treaty with Rome in 226 BC?
Hasdrubal
At what battle in 190 BC did Publius and Lucius Scipio defeat Antiochus III?
Magnesia
What third wife of Claudius was executed for marrying another man and conspiring against him?
Messalina
At what battle in 218 BC did Hannibal defeat Publius Cornelius Scipio and the Romans?
Ticinus River
What is the ancient name of Milan?
Mediolanum
What does “hoc voluerunt” mean?
they wanted this
Where did Surenas defeat and kill the triumvir Crassus in 53 BC?
Carrhae
Who was the domineering grandmother of Elagabalus?
Julia Maesa
Name the 6 emperors of 238 AD.
Maximinus Thrax, Gordian I, Gordian II, Balbinus, Pupienus, Gordian III
What did Nero reportedly do while Rome burned?
played his fiddle
At what battle of 324 AD did Constantine defeat his rival Licinius and become sole emperor?
Chrysopolis
Who were the parents of Britannicus?
Claudius & Messalina
What did Titus Tatius lead a group of Sabines to Rome?
to recover their wives
In what year did Hannibal defeat Sempronius Longus at the Trebia River?
218 BC
Who was the second king of Rome?
Numa Pompilius
Who was the famous father of Cornelia, the mother of the Gracchi?
Scipio Africanus
What tribune was killed in 132 BC for seeking re-election?
Tiberius Gracchus
What Spartan mercenary defeated and captured Regulus at the Bagradas Valley in 255 BC?
Xanthippus
What brother of Hannibal defended Spain while Hannibal invaded Italy?
Hasdrubal
What half-Vandal soldier served as a regent for Honorius?
Stilicho
What does the name “Barca” mean in Carthaginian?
blitz / lightning
What war did the Romans fight from 91-88 BC?
Social War
What Roman general bribed the praetorian guards ot desert Nero?
Galba
What two priesthoods did Numa establish in Rome?
Flamines & Vestal Virgins
Which emperor reigned from 37-41 AD?
Caligula
What happened to Valens after the battle of Adrianople?
beaten, skinned, dyed purple, and stuffed
Which emperor ruled in the West from 395-423 AD?
Honorius
Who rebelled against Nero in 68 AD?
Vindex
What Etruscan king tried to capture Rome at the beginning of the Republic?
Lars Porsenna
In what year did Aemilius Paullus defeat Perseus of Macedon at Pydna?
168 BC
After which war did Rome abolish the Madedonian monarchy and establish four independent republics of Macedon?
Third Macedonian War
Who reportedly served Claudius a bowl of poisoned mushrooms?
Agrippina the Younger
What were the years of the Third Punic “War”?
149-146 BC
Who reportedly said “if they won’t eat, let them drink” before he threw the sacred chickens overboard?
Claudius Pulcher
How did the Colosseum receive its name?
Colossus statue of Nero in front
Which emperor’s last words were “go to the rising sun, my sun is setting”?
Marcus Aurelius
Who was Pyrrhus’ ambassador?
Cineas
What novus homo from Arpinum became consul seven times?
Marius
Which king expanded Rome’s population by offering asylum on the Capitoline for outlaws and taking the wives of the neighboring Sabine tribe?
Romulus
Who was executed for treason in 31 AD after executing many innocent men?
Sejanus
