November Mocks

Question 1

Mitosis differences as opposed to meiosis

Answer 1

Produces genetically identical daughter cells
Produces two cells
Involves one division
Produces diploid chromosome number in humans

Question 2

Describe the steps of mitosis

Answer 2

1.The cell grows
2.The DNA replicate and join at the center of the cell
3. The chromatids are pulled apart and move to opposite ends of the cell.
4. The cytoplasm and cell membrane divides

Question 3

Describe steps for meiosis

Answer 3

The DNA replicates to form two copies of each chromosome.
The nuclear membrane breaks down. The homologous pairs of chromosomes join together.
3.
The homologous pairs of chromosomes exchange sections of DNA.
4.
The homologous pairs of chromosomes are pulled apart and move to opposite ends of the cell. The cell divides.
5.
The chromosomes line up along the centre of the cell, attached to the spindle fibres. The
chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell. Each cell divides again.

Question 4

FSH- gland , effect,

Answer 4

Pituitary gland,
eggs matures and follice develops,

Question 5

Oestrogen- gland, effect,

Answer 5

Ovary,
inhibits FSH production,

Question 6

LH- gland, effect,

Answer 6

pituitary gland,
follicle releases ovum into oviduct+follicle turns into corpus luteum,

Question 7

Progesterone -gland, effect

Answer 7

Ovary,
FSH and LH inhibited+ uterus lining maintained,

Question 8

Plants- cell wall and storage

Answer 8

Cellulose cell wall
Carbohydrates stored as starch

Question 9

Animals- cell wall and storage

Answer 9

No cell wall
Store carbohydrates as glycogen

Question 10

Fungi- Cell wall and storage

Answer 10

Chitin cell wall
Carbohydrates stored as glycogen

Question 11

Osmosis definition

Answer 11

Osmosis is the diffusion of molecules from an
area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration across a partially permeable membrane

Question 12

Active Transport definition

Answer 12

Active Transport is the movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration using ATP

Question 13

What are nitrate ions useful for

Answer 13

Building amino acids

Question 14

Xylem structure

Answer 14

Made up of thick walled dead
cells which contain no cytoplasm -
they are completely hollow and
arranged end to end
End wall are broken down

Question 15

Phloem structure

Answer 15

Consists of living cells.
Tubes are formed by cells
arranged end to end but have
cell walls made of cellulose.

Question 16

Functions of transpiration

Answer 16

To maintain Turgor pressure
To transport mineral ions
To cool the plant

Question 17

neurons timeline

Answer 17

stimulus to receptor
receptors to sensory neuron
sensory neuron to brain
brain to relay neuron
relay neuron to motor neuron
motor neuron to effector

Question 18

Describe the process that occurs in the eye when looking at an object far away

Answer 18

1. Relaxes ciliary muscles
2. So the suspension ligament is pulled tight
3. So the lenses are stretched thin
4. So there is less light refraction (light rays are parallel so no need for high refraction)

Question 19

Describe the process that occurs in the eye when looking at an object close up

Answer 19

1. contracts ciliary muscles
2. So the suspension ligament is slacker
3. So the lenses are thicker
4. So there is more light refraction (light rays come at a wide angle so high refraction needed)

Question 20

Insulin- gland and function

Answer 20

Pancreas- manages blood sugar levels by conversions of glucose into glycogen

Question 21

ADH- gland and function

Answer 21

Pituitary gland- ADH is released when water levels are low for more reabsorbation in the PCT and loop of Henle

Question 22

Hydrogen Carbonate indicator

Answer 22

Co2 presence means it will turn yellow. A lack of it means it turns purple.

Question 23

Photosynthesis starch test

Answer 23

Boil the leaf in ethanol, to remove chlorophyll.
Add drops of iodine.
Blue/Black color indicates Starch presence.

Question 24

How is the response to a shoot of light controlled

Answer 24

Auxin is produced at the tip of the shoot

Auxin diffuses down the shaded side of the shoot

Auxin produces cell elongation

So the cell bends towards the light ]

Question 25

in dim light..

Answer 25

radial muscles contract
circular muscles relax

Question 26

in bright light

Answer 26

radial muscles relax
circular muscles contract

Question 27

synapases

Answer 27

1. the neuron releases neurotransmitters that diffuse across the synapse (gap) and bind with receptor molecules on the next neuron
2. This stimulates the first neuron to transmit the electrical impulse

Question 28

Urea formation

Answer 28

Amino acids are filtered in the liver
Excess Amino acids are broken down into carbs and ammonia
Ammonia too toxic and is converted into urea
Urea is filtered by the kidney

Question 29

Fertilisation in plants

Answer 29

Pollen grains are deposited onto the stigma
Enzyme digest the style tissues, creating a pollen tube
The pollen grain travels down the tube and enters the ovule via a microphyle
The pollen fuses with the ovum
The Ovary (case) become the fruit
The ovum becomes the seed

Question 30

Seed development stages

Answer 30

The Zygote (fused male and female gamete) turns into a plant with a small root (radicle) and a shoot (plumule)
The rest of the ovule turns into cotyledons as a food store for the plant
The ovule walls become the seed coat (testa)
The Ovary becomes the fruit coat

Question 31

anaerobic respiration in fungi and plants

Answer 31

glucose to ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 32

anaerobic respiration in animals

Answer 32

glucose to lactic acid

Question 33

hydrogen carbonate indicator for Co2

Answer 33

red to yellow

Question 34

the word for when artery’s open/close due to temperature changes

Answer 34

vasodilation/vasocontriction