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Chemistry Edexcel > November Mocks > Flashcards

November Mocks Flashcards

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1
Q

give the crude oil fractions in order

A

refinery gases
gasoline
kerosene
diesel
fuel oil
bitumen

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2
Q

catalyst and tempurature for cracking reaction

A

aluminum oxide
650 c

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3
Q

why are cracking reactions important

A

creates more useful shorter alkanes
creates alkanes for use in polymers

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4
Q

hydrocarbon definition

A

a compound containing only hydrogen and carbon

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5
Q

incomplete combusion products

A

water
carbon monoxide

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6
Q

general formula for aklanes

A

CnH2n+2 (2 and n’s are small)

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7
Q

unsaturated definition

A

contains a double carbon bond

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8
Q

hydrocarbon unsaturated test

A

bromine water orange to colourless

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9
Q

alkane

A

a saturated hydrocarbon

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10
Q

homologous series

A

a group of compounds with the same functional group, showing a trend in physical properties

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11
Q

why are long chain hydrocarbons cracked

A

they are more useful in short chain form
long chains are in low demand

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12
Q

hydrocarbon reaction name

A

addition

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13
Q

isomer definition

A

compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas

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14
Q

polymer definition

A

a long chain molecule
formed from repeating units

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15
Q

molecular formula

A

the number and type of atoms in a molecule

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16
Q

empirical formula

A

simplest whole number ratio of element in a molecule

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17
Q

test for water

A

anhydrous copper(2) sulpphate turns from white to blue

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18
Q

ionic bonding

A

the strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

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19
Q

what kinda structure do ionic compounds contain

A

giant ionic lattice

20
Q

concentration=

A

concentration=moles/volume(dm3)

21
Q

moles1=

A

moles1=mass/rfm

22
Q

moles2=

A

moles2=volume(dm3)/24

23
Q

Diamond- structure and breaking
notes- same as Silicon Dioxide

A

Structure:
Tetrahedral
Grid-like arrangement
Breaking:
Strong Covalent bonds
Lots of bonds in the lattice
Lots of energy is required to break all the bonds

24
Q

Graphite- structure and bonding

A

Structure:
Layers of carbon atoms
Weak IMF’s between layers
Delocalised electrons
Breaking:
Strong Covalent bonds
Lots of bonds in the lattice
Lots of energy is required to break all the bonds

25
Q

collision theory tempurature

A

particles have more kinetic energy
the percentage of collisions with energy above activation energy is higher
more successful collisions per unit time

26
Q

collision theory catalysts

A

provide an alternate route with lower activation energy
the percentage of collisions with energy above activation energy is higher
so there are more successful collision per unit time

27
Q

collision theory- surface area

A

more solid is exposed to other particles
so collision frequency is higher
so there are more collisions per unit time

28
Q

collision theory- concentration

A

there are more particles per unit volume
so the collision frequency is higher
so there are more successful collision per unit time

29
Q

chromatography practical steps (4)

A

draw a start line in pencil
place samples on the start line
place the paper in the beaker with the start line above the solvent
stop the experiment when the food colouring (spots) stop moving

30
Q

What are the problems with impurities in crude oil

A

Sulphur dioxide is produced
It dissolves into rainwater
Which forms acid rain

31
Q

What to do if you are asked to give the “polymerisation equation”

A

turn the double C bond into a single C bond

32
Q

enthalpy change =

A

energy (kj)/ moles

33
Q

draw the repeating unit?

A

take the double bond and draw brackets around the unit with a small “n”

34
Q

polyethene use

A

shopping bag

35
Q

polypropene use

A

climbing ropes

36
Q

polychloroethene use

A

wire insulation

37
Q

polytetrafloroethene use

A

non stick coating

38
Q

how to conduct a flame test

A

dip nichrome wire into hcl to clean it of any acid
dip it into the solution you are testing
put into a non luminous bunsen flame

39
Q

all flame test results

A

Red Flame - Li+
Yellow Flame - Na-
Lilac flame - K+
Orange flame- Ca2+
Blue-Green - Cu2+

40
Q

ammonium test

A

add sodium hydroxide
red litmus paper turns blue

41
Q

Methane n number for general formula

A

1

42
Q

Ethane n number for general formula

A

2

43
Q

Propane n number for general formula

A

3

44
Q

Butane n number for general formula

A

4

45
Q

Gas moles eq

A

gas volume/ molar volume

Chemistry Edexcel (5 decks)

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