November-Cell Structure 19/10/16 Flashcards
What organelles are in animal cells?
Cell membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Ribosomes Mitochondria
What organelles are in plant cells?
Cell membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Ribosomes Mitochondria Chloroplast Cellulose cell wall Large (sap) vacuole
Cell membrane
Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell
Vacuole
Stores sap(a solution of water, sugars, ions and other substances)
Nucleus
Controls the activities of the cell
Cell wall
Supports the cell and helps keep its shape
Chloroplast
Absorb light to make sugar in photosynthesis. Contains chlorophyll.
Cytoplasm
Where the chemical reactions take place.
Ribosomes
Site of protein synthesis
Mitochondria
Carry out aerobic respiration to release energy that the cell can use
How is red blood cell adapted?
Has a dip so it has a bigger surface to diffuse more oxygen and doesn’t have a nucleus so there’s more space to carry oxygen
Cells
Cells are the building blocks of all living organisms.
Tissues
Similar cells that do the same job and work together to make tissue
Organs
Different tissues work together to make an organ
Organ system
Organs work together to make an organ system
Organism
E.g. Homeosapiens
Diffusion
Diffusion is the net movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.
What diffusion happens in respiration?
Oxygen in
Carbon dioxide out
What diffusion happens in photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide in
Oxygen out
What factors affect the rate of diffusion?
The greater the difference in concentration the faster the rate of diffusion
The higher the temperature cause the particles’ll have more kinetic energy
Larger surface area
Short diffusion distances such as thin exchange surface
What is osmosis?
It’s when water diffuses from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration through a partially permeable membrane.
Why do plants need to have turgid vacuoles?
So that the stems stay up right.
