Nov 17 Notes

Question 1

particulate radiation comes from?

Answer 1

Alpha, Beta Neutrons, Photons and electrons.

Question 2

Electromagnetic radiation types?

Answer 2

Gamma, xrays, high energy uv light

Question 3

Have mass can have charged particles:

Answer 3

Particulate radiation

Question 4

Electromagnetic description

Answer 4

has no mass and travels in waves

Question 5

LET stands for

Answer 5

Linear Energy Transfer

Question 6

LET definition

Answer 6

Average amount of energy per unit length of track through object (keV/um)

Question 7

RBE stands for

Answer 7

relative biological effectiveness

Question 8

RBE definition

Answer 8

Varying types of LETS will produce varying biological effects

Question 9

Particulate radiation is most likely to interact with DNA, this is called

Answer 9

Direct Hit/ Target Hit

Question 10

Electromagnetic radiation is most likely going to interact with

Answer 10

Cytoplasm

Question 11

Indirect hits cause

Answer 11

Radiolysis, hydrolysis, production of free radicals, hydroxyl radicals, H3O+OH-

Question 12

Different effects ionizing radiation can have on the cells are

Answer 12

Somatic and genetic

Question 13

Stochastic effects

Answer 13

Are random in nature, have late effects and are evident months to years later.

Question 14

Somatic stochastic effects can casue

Answer 14

cancer/leukemia

Question 15

Genetic Stochastic effects can cause

Answer 15

mutation and mental retardation

Question 16

Nonstochastic

Answer 16

not random, early, immediate occurs in mins, hours, days.

Question 17

Somatic genetic effects can cause

Answer 17

erythema (radiodermatitis), Hair loss (alopecia), Temp sterility, reduction of RBC’s

Question 18

ARS stands for

Answer 18

Acute radiation syndrome

Question 19

ARS effects are

Answer 19

Hemapoetic (Bone marrow syndrome), Gastrointestinal- Crypt cells (GI syndrome), CNS

Question 20

Dose response relationships

Answer 20

Nonthreshhold and threshold

Question 21

Non threshold:

Answer 21

Any amount has the potential to cause harm]

Question 22

Not dose specific

Answer 22

Non threshold

Question 23

Linear non threshold means that

Answer 23

as the initial exposure continues the dose effect will also continually increase

Question 24

ALARA is based on

Answer 24

NTLD

Question 25

NTLD stands for

Answer 25

Nonlinear Threshold Dose Response

Question 26

Nonthreshold is associated with what terms

Answer 26

Stochastic and Probablistic

Question 27

Threshold is generally associated with

Answer 27

non stochastic effects

Question 28

Non stochastic is also known as

Answer 28

deterministic

Question 29

Threshold is when

Answer 29

There a time period were no observed effects occuryet.

Question 30

A threshold non linear effects starts and ends with?

Answer 30

Prodromal stage, Latent Stage, and Manifest stage

Question 31

Gonadal shielding does what?

Answer 31

Reduces birth defects

Question 32

Fig leaf shield is what?

Answer 32

A flat contact shield

Question 33

Shapped contact shield:

Answer 33

Contures to the body part

Question 34

Shadow shield

Answer 34

attached to a collimeter, mostly used for sterile environments (sugery)

Question 35

Gonadal shield normally has how much lead?

Answer 35

.5mm

Question 36

A gonadal shield that is w/in 2in or 5 cm of primary beam should be how thick?

Answer 36

1mm

Question 37

Lead aprons should be how thick??

Answer 37

.25mm

Question 38

walls should have how much lead embedded?

Answer 38

1/16 in or 1.6mm

Question 39

Total filtration required in a tube is:

Answer 39

2.5 mm when above 70kvp

Question 40

Single phase heat unit?

Answer 40

1

Question 41

3 phase 6 pulse heat unit is?

Answer 41

1.35

Question 42

3 phase 12 pulse heat unit is?

Answer 42

1.41

Question 43

High frequency heat unit RC is?

Answer 43

1,45

Question 44

Hormesis is

Answer 44

a beneficial consequence of radiation