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Exam 4 > Notes chapter 4 > Flashcards

Notes chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Communication ?

A

Can be described simply as the exchange of information

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2
Q

A sender* ?

A

a receiver of a message is necessary . The sender is the one who conveys the message ,

(a person who sends or transmits a message, letter, email, )

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3
Q

A receiver*?

A

is the person or people to whom the message is conveyed

(a person who gets or accepts something that has been sent or given to them.)

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4
Q

Two types of Communication?

A

One- way communication is of limited use in the nurse- patient relationship .

Two-way communication requires that the sender and the receiver participate in the interaction It allows for exchange

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5
Q

The connotative meaning?

A

of a word is subjective and reflects the individual’s perception or interpretation

(The emotional suggestions of a word, that is not literal.)

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6
Q

Denotative meaning?

A

refers to the commonly accepted definition of a particular word

(The direct definition of the word that you find in the dictionary.)

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7
Q

Jargon is ?

A

commonplace “language “ or terminology unique to people in a particular work setting, such as a hospital, or to a specific type of work, such as nursing.

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8
Q

Voice ?

A

-Aspects of the voice affect nonverbal messages, including tone, volume, and the rate of speech.

-Characteristics of people’s voices vary depending on their emotions , familiarity with a situation, confidence, and geographic and cultural influences

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9
Q

Eye contact is?

A

responsible for much communication and miscommunication

-the person who maintain eyes contact 2 to 6 second

-culture significant

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10
Q

Physical appearance includes?

A

attributes of size , color of skin, dress, grooming posture , and facial expression .

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11
Q

are movements people use to emphasize the idea they are attempting to communicate also play a useful role in clarifying?

A

Gesture

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12
Q

Posture ? .

A
  • The way that an individual sits, stands, and moves is called posture.

-person is considered to display an posture when taking a relaxed stance with uncrossed and legs while facing the other individual

-Closed posture is a more formal , distant stance , generally with the arms , and possibly the legs , tightly crossed

-person often as disinterest , coldness , and even nonacceptance

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13
Q

Assertive Communication mean?

A

: Being able to express your needs while being aware of others needs Being confident in communicating directly and honestly

-Feeling comfortable and in control of anxiety tenseness, shyness, or fear Honoring the fact that you and the other person have rights

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14
Q

An assertive nurse?

A

Appears self- confident and composed Ensures that verbal and nonverbal communication is congruent

-Is unapologetic Maintains eye contact Speaks firmly and with a positive attitude

-Speaks genuinely , without sarcasm Takes initiative to guide situations Uses clear , concise speech

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15
Q

is one’s ability to confidently and comfortably express thoughts and feelings while still respecting the legitimate rights of the patient?

A

Assertiveness

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16
Q

An assertive communication style?

A

is interaction that considers the feelings and needs of the patient yet honors the nurse’s rights as an individual

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17
Q

Unassertive communication style In this style ?

A

-although not a favorable one, would have been to respond unambiguously

-the nurse agrees to do what the patient requests even though doing so creates additional problems for the nurse .

-Use of this style sacrifices one’s

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18
Q

A therapeutic nurse?

A

patient interaction is one in which the nurse demonstrates and trustworthiness

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19
Q

Therapeutic communication is ?

A

The ideal it -consists of an exchange of information that facilitates the formation of a positive nurse

-patient relationship and actively involves the patient in all areas of care.

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20
Q

Nontherapeutic communication ?

A

usually blocks the development of a trusting and therapeutic relationship .

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21
Q

Nonverbal Listen?

A

pay attention to not only the verbal but also the nonverbal communication of the patient , and truly focus on what the patient is saying

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22
Q

Active listening?

A
  • requires full attention to what the patient saving

-Conveys interest and caring; gives patient full attention; allows feedback to verify understanding of the message

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23
Q

In passive listening ?

A

-listening to the speaker is indicated either nonverbally through eye contact and nodding, or verbally through encouraging phrases such as Uh-huh and I see

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24
Q

Silence?

A

-is an extremely effective, yet sometimes difficult therapeutic communication technique - American society, silence often feels awkward -often used conjunction with touch

-Allows time to organize thoughts and formulate an appropriate response often conveys respect, understanding, caring, and support; allows observation of patient’s nonverbal responses

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25
Q

Touch ?

A

Often conveys warmth , caring, comfort, support, and understanding

-nonverbal communication
-powerful potential as communication techniques

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26
Q

Verbal Therapeutic Communication Techniques Conveying Acceptance ?

A
  • Some patients are hesitant to give the nurse complete information , particularly as it relates to values beliefs , lifestyles , and practices -
    -Often this reluctance has to do with a fear of disapproval from the nurse in regard to the patient’s values , beliefs , or practices , or even rejection of the individual as a person

-The nurse’s acceptance and willingness to listen and respond to what a patient is saying without passing judgment on the patient is key to the development of therapeutic nurse -patient relationship

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27
Q

Minimal encouragement is?

A

a subtle therapeutic technique that communicates to the patient that the nurse is interested and wants to hear more

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28
Q

Focused and seeks a particular answer; usually requires and elicits only a “yes” or “no” or one-word to two-word answer?

A

Closed Question Verbal Therapeutic Communication Techniques

28
Q

Does not require a specific answer and cannot be answered by “yes ,” “no , ‘’ or a one -word response ; usually begins with words such as “how ,''what ,'’can you tell me about ,``'’in what way “?

A

Open ended questions

29
Q

Repeating to the patient what the nurse believes to be the main point that the patient is trying to communicate ; tone of voice rises slightly at the end of the phrase as if asking a question?

A

Restating

30
Q

Restatement of the patient’s message in the nurse’s own words?

A

Paraphrasing

31
Q

Seeks to understand the patient’s message by asking for more information or for elaboration on a point ; expressed as a question or statement followed by a restatement or paraphrasing of part of the patient’s message ?

A

Clarify

32
Q

Assists the patient to reflect on feelings and thoughts rather than seeking answers and advice from another?

A

Reflecting

33
Q

The nurse makes observations of the patient during an interaction and communicates these observations back to the patient?

A

Stating Observation

34
Q

The nurse provides the patient with relevant data and asks for feedback to determine the patient’s level of understanding?

A

Offering Information

35
Q
  • Concise review of main ideas from a discussion - The nurse encourages the patient to select one topic over another as the primary focus of discussion ?
A

Summarizing and Focusing

36
Q

The effects of age and gender on communication?

A

are influenced strongly by cultural or societal beliefs and attitudes

37
Q

Many physiologic factors affect communication ?

A

may interfere with the patient being able to communicate effectively

-Pain is a common example first should address the patient’s pain before trying to communicate with the patient

38
Q

Altered cognition is?

A

another physiological factor that frequently hinders effective communication

(when a person has trouble remembering, learning new things, concentrating, or making decisions that affect their everyday life.)

39
Q

Psychosocial Factors Affect Communication ?

A

A multitude of factors place patients under stress. The patient may be in pain deprived of sleep nauseated or experiencing a host of other unpleasant circumstances

-you may need to modify communication methods Keep simple basic, and concrete and offer only essential information

40
Q

Communicating With Patients Who Are Cognitively Impaired?

A

-Allow time for the patient to respond .
-Ask one question at a time.
-Be attentive when listening to the patient speak .
-Get the patient’s attention before speaking .
-Include family and friends in conversations .
-Reduce environmental distractions while talking with the
-Use simple sentences and avoid long explanations

41
Q

PATIENTS WITH VENTILATOR DEPENDENCE?

A

Patients who receive mechanical ventilation via endo tracheal tube or tracheostomy experience an to speak because the trachea is obstructed by the tube

42
Q

Aphasia is?

A

a deficient or absent language function that results from ischemic insult to the brain, such as stroke ( cerebrovascular accident ), brain trauma , or anoxia)

43
Q

Some patients experience expressive aphasia What do you need to assist?

A

which they are unable to send the desired verbal message -some suffer receptive aphasia , or an inability to recognize or interpret the verbal message being received -collaborate with speech pathologist -offer pictures can point

44
Q

Alternative Methods of Communicating With Patients Who Are Unable to Speak (select all apply) ?

A

-Clock face communicator Messages placed at intervals around the clock face ; clock hand scans the messages , and the patient presses a button to stop the hand on the desired message -

-Computer - assisted communication : Patient uses keyboard to type messages. -

-Eye blinks: Predetermined system in which the number of times a patient blinks in response to a question indicates yes or no answer. -

-Lip-reading: Patient mouths words to be interpreted by the receiver -Magnetic boards with plastic letters: Patient moves letters around on board to spell words or phrases .

-Paper and pencil or magic slate: Patient writes messages to communicate needs.

-Picture board : Patient points to pictures on a board or poster of typical patient needs.

-Sign language : Hand and finger signals used to indicate letters used throughout the world for hearing -impaired patients -Word or picture cards : 3 * 5 cards with words or pictures on them ; patient picks appropriate card or sorts cards into short phrases or sentences .

45
Q

Verbal communication?

A

-Cognitive meaning
(-Involves the use of spoken or written words or symbols )

-Denotative meaning
-Jargon

46
Q

Nonverbal Communication?

A

Message transmitted without use of words

-Eye contact
-Physical appearance
-Gestures
-Posture

47
Q

Consistency of Verbal and Nonverbal Communication?-

A

Nonverbal communication is powerful

-If nonverbal communication is inconsistent with verbal communication , it is likely that the nonverbal message will be received

48
Q

Styles of Communication?

A

Assertive communication
-Aggressive communication
-Unassertive communication –Takes into account feelings and needs of and nurse’s rights
-Interactions are evensided with an overpowering and forceful mannes

-Meets one’s own needs
Destructive and non therapeutic
-Agreeing to do what requested Creates additional problems

Book

49
Q

Establishing a Therapeutic Relationship?

A

-interaction between nurse and patient is caring sincere empathetic and trustworthy and ensures patient focus of each interaction

-establishes trust
-maintains professional boundaries

50
Q

Therapeutic Communication Nonverbal?

A
  • Listening
    -Silence
    -Touch
51
Q

Therapeutic Communication Verbal ?

A

-Conveying acceptance
-Closed questioning
-Openended questioning
-Restating
-Paraphrasing
-Clarifying
-Focusing
-Reflecting
-Stating observations
-Offering information
-Summarizing
-Using humor

52
Q

Nontherapeutic Communication?

A

Blocks development of trusting and therapeutic relationship

53
Q

Factors Affecting Communication?

A
  • Posture and positioning
    -Space and territoriality
    -Environment
    -Level of trust
    -Language barriers
    -Cultural
    -Age and gender
    -Physiological factors
    -Psychosocial factors
54
Q

Barriers to Communication?-

A

False reassurance
-Giving advice or personal opinions
-False assumptions
-Approval or disapproval
-Automatic responses -Defensiveness
-Arguing
-Asking for explanations
-Changing the subject

55
Q

Trust?

A

-a trusting relationship is essential to an effective nurse patient interaction

-trust allows the interaction to progress past superficial social interaction

56
Q

Communication in Special Situations?

A
  • Ventilator
    -dependent patients
    -Aphasic patients
    -Unresponsive patients
57
Q

Alternative Methods for Communicating? Select all apply

A
  • Lip-reading
    -Sign language
    -Paper and pencil
    -Word or picture cards
    -Magnetic boards with plastic letters
    -Eye blinks
    -Computer-assisted communication
    -Clock face communication
58
Q

Which is not a requirement for communication?

a ) Sender
b)Receiver
c ) Narrator
d ) Two -way communication

A

c

59
Q

Which is a form of nonverbal communication ?

a ) Eye contact
b )Jargon
c) Connotation
d) One-way communication

A

a

60
Q

Assertive communication is a form of communication in which the?

a) nurse takes into account the feelings and needs of the patient.

b) nurse interacts with another in an overpowering and forceful manner.

c) nurse’s personal rights are sacrificed at the expense of feeling resentful toward the patient

d) nurse and the patient are interrupting each other while the other is speaking .

A

a

61
Q

Listening is a form of which type of communication?

a) Assertive
b) Aggressive
c) Closed
d) Nonverbal

A

D

62
Q

The term paraphrasing means restating ?

a ) phrase to elicit clarification of what was communicated .

b) phrase in one’s own terms to verify what was communicated.

c) phrase in the exact words the sender used.

d) partial phrase to hurry the sender’s communication techniques to save time.

A

B.

63
Q

Which physiologic factor might hinder communication ?

a ) Grief
b ) Environment
c ) Pain
d) Culture

A

C

64
Q

In regard to personal space , which zone is considered an intimate zone ?

a) 12 feet or more
b ) 0-18 inches
c) 4-12 feet
d ) 2-4 feet

A

b ) 0-18 inches

65
Q

Which type of aphasia indicates the patient is not able to recognize or interpret the message being received ?

a) Expressive aphasia
b) Nonverbal aphasia
c) Receptive aphasia
d) Verbal aphasia

A

C

66
Q

How might a nurse communicate with a patient who is on a ventilator ?

a) Facial expression
b ) Talking to the patient
c) Ignoring the patient
d ) Utilizing a communication board

A

D

67
Q

When caring for an unresponsive patient , the nurse should ?

a) ignore the patient while providing care.
b) talk to the patient and explain every procedure or activity that is to take place .
c) speak to the patient using medical jargon while providing care to the patient .
d) provide loud , audible stimuli while caring for the patient

A

.D

Exam 4 (8 decks)

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