notes Flashcards
Stages of Grape Growth
- dormancy
- bud break
- shoot growth
- flowering
- fruit set
- verasion
- harvest
what does verasion mean
critical stage pf grape growth, when green grape begin changing colour
grafting is
melding rootstock (doesnt matter to grape variety) from one variety w/ scion (determines grape variety) of another.
this is how regions susceptible to phylloxera can avoid their disruption
sugar in grapes is converted into ___ by ___
Alcohol, yeast
*sugar ferments naturally
colour of wine is from what
contained only in the grape skins
_____: single cell fungus, uses sugar to fuel its reproductive process, is the engine of fermentation
yeast
white wine steps of production
harvest
crushing
pressing
fermentation
aging
bottling
alcoholic fermentation equation
yeast + sugar = alcohol + Carbon dioxide
*degree of alcohol in wine after fermentation is related to how much sugar is present
the 2 techniques for keeping skins in contact are called
Pigeage = punching down
Remantage = pumping over
___ = mouth drying
___ = mouth watering
tannin
acidity
___ in wine accents spice in food
alcohol
tannins/bitterness best pairs with foods rich in ___ and ___
protein and fat
___ adds sugar during fermentaion / after to raise potential alcohol level (common in cool years/climates
chaptalization
___ = mass of solids (skins,seeds,stalks), called this b/c CO2 pushes it to the surface
Cap
Labeling. All labels MUST display what 4 things
- product type (tells you it IS wine
- Volume
- Alcohol level (% of alc)(winemakers get +/- 3% alc level bc fermentation process difficult to control & can happen after bottling
- Producer name/country
tasting terminology: ____ =weight of wine in the mouth (how rich, viscous, creamy it is
Body
astringency is
drying effect caused by tannin (different then wine being ‘dry’ as in not sweet)
______ = secondary fermentation, bacteria in wine converts harsh malic acid to softer lactic acid
malolactic fermentation MLF
point where green shoots first appear on vine
budding
___ = genetic variation of a single variety. propagated by cutting and regrafting/planting
Clone
a mutation is a spontaneous change to genetic material in grape vine. what grape varieties are an example of a mutation?
pino gris mutates into pino noir
____ = sugar that remains in wine after fermentation
residual sugar
____ growing grapes, maintaining vinyard
viniculture
____ mine making, turning grape juice into wine
Vinification
