Notes #1 (pgs 3-10)

Question 1

Yeast

Answer 1

saccharomyces cerevisiae

Question 2

General Characteristics:

Answer 2

fungi: ascomycetes (spores formed in a membrane spore sac)

Question 3

Nutritionally simple:

Answer 3

No PSN

Requires a reduced carbon source and nitrogen, plus Biotin (Vitamin B) and water (agar plate)

Question 4

REproduction: 1. Budding

Answer 4

(asexual reproduction) replication of parent chromosomes during bud formation

Question 5

Reproduction: 2. Products of meiois=

Answer 5

ascospores. produced from stressed 2n cells which then sporulate to produce 1n ascospores (in ascus) (vegetative shell)

Question 6

1n ascospores ____ or ____ when returned to a nutrient-rich environment

Answer 6

propagate; grow

Question 7

1n mating types (after ascospores germinate)

Answer 7

1. a

2. α

Question 8

Result of conjugation

Answer 8

2n zygote > mitosis > 2n cells that form colonies

Question 9

Practical uses of yeast:

Answer 9

alcohol products (drink and burn)
baking (bread, etc.)
Biomass conservation
Alternatives to fossil fuels
High protein and vitamin B (low meal diets)
Conversion of hydrocarbons to protein (oil spill clean up)

Question 10

Lag Period (mitosis)

Answer 10

period following inoculation

Question 11

After Lag (mitosis)

Answer 11

exponential growth until limiting factors persist

Question 12

Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 12

coverts sugars & carbons to ethanol & CO2

ATP: 2 by breaking sugars in half (glycolysis)

Question 13

Aerobic Respiration

Answer 13

converts sugars & carbons to CO2 & H20
ATP: 36
34 from aerobic processes (Kreb’s Cycle & Electron Transport Chain) 2 from glycolysis

Question 14

Colony life span

Answer 14

several hours at room temp > several months in the fridge

Question 15

Autolysis

Answer 15

self- digestion

Question 16

Yeast sexual life cycle (mitosis to meiosis)

Answer 16

mating type (1n)
opposite mating type (1n)

Question 17

1n+1n >2n > ________

Answer 17

sporulation

Question 18

Locus (loci)

Answer 18

one specific gene site that triggers the indication of a trait, including sporulation

Question 19

HA2

Answer 19

adenine deficient (red)

Question 20

HBT

Answer 20

tryptophan deficient (white)

Question 21

YED

Answer 21

Yeast extract and dextrose

Question 22

Transgenics

Answer 22

altered genome by the transfer of a gene or genes from another species or breed

Question 23

auxotroph

Answer 23

mutant strain that requires a new nutrient for growth

Question 24

prototroph

Answer 24

mutant strain that doesn’t require a new nutrient for growth