Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Molecular Biology Test 1 > Notes 1 > Flashcards

Notes 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Purines

A

Two fused rings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

DNA

A

Has a T

2’ carbon only has H

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Bases named as nucleosides

A 
Adenosine
Guanosine
Cytidine
Thymidine
Uridine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Bases named as Nucleotides

A 
Adenylic acid
Guanylic acid
Cytidylic acid
Thymidylic acid
Uridylic acid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Types of bond between bases in a double helix

A

Noncovalent (H-bond)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Melting temp of DNA

A

75 Degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What causes spaces betwen the bases where we could insert something?

A

Hydrophobic interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Interchalation

A

Ethidium bromide can slip into DNA molecule between bases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Major groove of DNA

A

22 Angstroms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Minor grove of DNA

A

12 Angstroms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What defines the region of a gene

A

Length of RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What defines the coding region?

A

Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Explain the process of splicing

A

Pre-mRNA contains an intron. The intron is cut out. It travels through a nuclear pore into the cytoplasm to be translated by a ribosome.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Trans acting

A

Can act on any copy of the gene in the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cis acting

A

sequences act on same sequence/chromsome.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are trans acting?

A

Proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are cis acting?

A

sites on DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Nucleases

A

hydrolyze an ester bond within a phophodiester bond

19
Q

Phosphatases

A

Hydrolyze the ester bond in a phosphomonester bond

20
Q

Restriction endonucleases

A

Recognize specific short sequences of DNA and cleave duplex near or in the recognition site.

21
Q

Where does Eco RI cut?

A

between the G and the A

22
Q

Palindrome

A

spelled the same backwards and forward

23
Q

Endonuclease

A

nucleases that cleave phosphoester bonds within a nucleic acid chain. Cuts INSIDE strand.

24
Q

Exonuclease

A

cleave phosphoester bonds one at a time from the end of a chain.
Migrate in and cut from OUTSIDE

25
Q

Vector

A

Required for cloning to move DNA

26
Q

Recombinant DNA

A

a DNA molecule that has been created by joining together two or more molecules from different sources

27
Q

Subclone

A

process of breaking a cloned fragment into smaller fragments for further cloning

28
Q

MCS (multiple cloning site)

A

Region of DNA in a vector with lots of places to insert foreign DNA (multiple restriction endonuclease sites)

29
Q

Selectable markers in cloning

A

LacZ
Ampr
Ori

30
Q

Amp r

A

Ampicillin resistance

31
Q

Ori

A

Origin of rep in cell residing in

32
Q

lacZ

A

betagalactactasidase

Colonies turn blue with the right substrate

33
Q

Transformation

A

the acquisition of new genetic material by incorporation of added exogenous, nonviral DNA

34
Q

Substances that contribute to blue color of plate

A

IPTG and X gal

35
Q

Bacterial artifical chromosome (BAC)

A

300 kB

F plasmid

36
Q

Yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)

A

3000 kB

origin, centromere, telomere

37
Q

Can be propagated in more than one type of host cell

A

Shuttle vector

38
Q

Expression vector

A

contain promoters that allow transcription of any cloned gene

39
Q

Reporter genes

A

Used to measure promoter activity or tissue specific expression
Good way to report on functionality

40
Q

4 methods to introduce DNA into target cell

A
  1. Viral vector by infection
  2. Liposomes that fuse with the membrane
  3. Microinjection introduces DNA directly into the cytoplasm or nucleus
  4. Nanospheres can be shot into the cell by a gene gun
41
Q

Gel electrophoresis

A

separates DNA fragments by size, using an electric current to cause the DNA to migrate toward a positive charger
Larger fragments take longer to get through gel.
Linear pieces take longer, supercoiled can speed through.

42
Q

Plamsid

A

10 kB limit

43
Q

Phage

A

20 kB limit

44
Q

Cosmid

A

48 kB limit

Molecular Biology Test 1 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions